高考語法填空專項訓練——介詞(真題版)

語法填空專項訓練-介詞介詞是高考中的一個重要考點，在高考中都兩空是專門考查介詞的，占語法填空的五分之一。該題要求“在空格處填入一個適當?shù)脑~”的限定，所以我們要重點關(guān)注簡單介詞(一個單詞)，主要考點：1. 時間 at, in, on 時間點和時間段 by 不遲于，到時為止 after 在之后 before在之前 for 一段時間 during 在期間 within在期間，不超過 since自從throughout 貫穿期間 until/till 直到 fromto 從到 between在之間over 在期間，過完一段時間 2. 方位 into 進入 out of從出來 (a)round 圍饒著或在的各處 along沿著 towards向或朝著 to到或向 from從 up沿而上 off從離開或下來 at朝著或向著 for到去 down沿.而下 at在某一點或在(某物)旁 in在某一范圍內(nèi) on在某物的表面上 between在(兩者)之間above在的上頭或高出 below在下面或低于 among在(多者)之中 around在周圍inside在的里面 outside在的外面 before在之前 behind在的后面 over在的上方或上面 under在的下面或下方； beside/by在的旁邊 near在的附近 beyond在的那一邊，遠于，超過(某事物的范圍) across在的對面或那一邊 against 靠著 across從一邊到另一邊 by/past從某人或某物的旁邊經(jīng)過 over從某人或某物的上空經(jīng)過 through從某事物的里面經(jīng)過。3. 原因 because of, owing to, due to, for, with, at( at常放在情感變化后的動詞、形容詞或名詞后原因，相當于“聽到或看到” )等。4. 方式、方法或手段By 乘、坐、騎(接交通工具), 靠、通過in用(某種語言或材料，如墨水, 抽象的文具 in ink, in pen, in pencil等)with用(具體的工具)，和一起；伴隨through通過(實踐或書本)等。5. “除外” except, besides, but, except for等。6. “數(shù)量” about(大約), around(大約), over(超過)等 “關(guān)于”on, about等； “所屬”“部分與整體關(guān)系”of (增加/減少，相差，高出等的)程度by以及as(當作，作為)， like(像一樣)等。7. 能接復(fù)合賓語的介詞 with和without8. 短語中的介詞?！皠釉~+介詞” 短語， look after, care for，congratulate on等；“動詞+副詞+介詞” 短語catch up with, get on with, work hard at, do well in等；“動詞+名詞+介詞” take are of, take notice of等；“名詞+介詞”， effect on, congratulations on等。解題技巧：1. 什么情況下可能是填介詞？我們首先必須知道兩點：(1)介詞必須要接賓語，其賓語可以是名詞、代詞、動名詞，或者what從句；(2)名詞、代詞或動名詞在句中通常作主語、動詞的賓語、介詞的賓語。因此，我們在解答語法填空時，若空格后是名詞、代詞或動名詞時，且他們不是在句中作主語，也不是在動詞后作賓語時，這個格空就很可能是填介詞。2. 應(yīng)該填哪個介詞？在判斷可能填介詞之后，要根據(jù)具體的語境來確定填哪個介詞，特別是根據(jù)空格所在句子的意思來選擇一個恰當。另外，以下幾條思路對解題非常用：(1)由介詞短語與謂語的邏輯關(guān)系來確定。例1 He was very tired _ doing this for a whole day.分析：累了必定是在干了一整天活之后，故填after；另外，“因而累”，be tired from也是固定短語，故也可填from。 (2)由所處句型的特殊需要來確定。例2Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese peoples daily life. _these proverbs there are often interesting stories. 分析：因these proverbs是名詞，且不是作主語、賓語、表語等，前面很可能是填介詞；句意是“在中國的這些成語故事的背后常常趣的故事”，“在背后”，用介詞behind。 (3)由特殊的結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系來確定。如能接復(fù)合賓語(賓語+賓補)只能是with或without。例3 You have no idea how she finished the relay race _with_ her foot wounded so much. (福建)(4)考慮介詞(空格)與前面的動詞或名詞之間的搭配關(guān)系，或者介詞(空格)與后面名詞之間的搭配關(guān)系來確定具體要填。例4the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to who should have the honor of receiving me _a guest in their house.分析：句意是“把我們作為客人接待”，“當作，作為”用介詞as。一、單句填空：用適當填空。1. Fred entered without knocking and, very out of breath, sank _ a chair. (安徽)2. If you really have to leave during the meeting, youd better leave _ the back door. (北京)3. A great man shows his greatness _ the way he treats little men. (福建)4. You have no idea how she finished the relay race _ her foot wounded so much. (福建)5. I like Mr. Miners speech; it was clear and _ the point. (遼寧)6. Lets learn to use the problem we are facing _ a stepping-stone to future success. (寧夏)7. Modern equipment and no smoking are two of the things I like _ working here. (全國)8. I began to feel _ home in the new school when I saw some familiar faces. (山東)9. Elizabeth has already achieved success _ her wildest dreams. (陜西)10. Everything was perfect for the picnic except _ the weather. (浙江)11. This is a junior school. You should go to a senior school _ girls of your age. (北京)12. Although _ my opinion, the old professor didnt come up with his own. (福建)13. _ the silence of the pauses, we could hear each others breathing and could almost hear our own heartbeats. (湖南)14. Scientists are convinced _ the positive effect of laughter _ physical and mental health. (江西)15. Experts have been warning _ some time of the health risks caused by passive smoking. (江西)16. The manager suggested an earlier date _ the meeting. (全國I)17. Some people choose jobs for other reasons _ money these days. (全國II)18. Some students often listen to music _ classes to refresh themselves. (四川)19. The open-air celebration has been put off because _ the bad weather. (浙江)20. Sorry, Madam. Youd better come tomorrow because its _the visiting hours. (福建)21. Its quite_ me why such things have been allowed to happen. (安徽)22. -Its a top secret. -Yes, I see. I will keep the secret _ you and me. (上海)23. People have always been curious_ how living things on the earth exactly began. (遼寧)24. After the earthquake, the injured were cared_ in the local hospitals or taken to the hospitals in the neighboring cities. (江西)25. I would like a job which pays more, but _ the other hand I enjoy the work Im doing at the moment. (浙江)26. More and more young people are fond _ playing tennis nowadays. (上海)27. Leave your key with a neighbor _ case you lock yourself out one day. (北京)28. Villagers here depend on the fishing industry, _ which there wont be much work. (上海)29. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, _ which New York is an example. (四川)30. By nine oclock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, _which appeared a rare rainbow soon. (福建)31. The book was written in 1946, _ when the education system has witnessed great charges. (山東)32. He was educated at the local high school, _ which he went on to Beijing University. (江蘇)二、語篇模擬：用適當填空。Fathers Day occurs on the 3rd Sunday in June. The idea for creating a day 1_children to honor their fathers began in Spokane, Washington. A woman 2_the name of Sonora Smart Dodd thought 3_ the idea for Fathers Day while listening to a Mothers Day sermon 4_ 1909. Having been raised 5_ her father, Henry Jackson Smart, after her mother died, Sonora wanted her father to know how special he was 6_her. It was her father that made all the parental sacrifices and was, 7 _the eyes of his daughter, a courageous, selfless, and loving man. Sonoras father was born in June, so she chose to hold the first Fathers Day celebration 8_ Spokane, Washington 9_the 19th of Jun