新版新目標(biāo)英語八年級下冊unit 10知識點總結(jié).doc

八年級英語下冊單元知識點總結(jié) Unit 10 I ve had this bike for three years.一、重點短語：1.haveayardsale 舉行庭院拍賣會 2.bringsth.back=bringbacksth.帶回，回憶3.howlong 多久 4.notanymore/anymore不再 6.boardgames 棋類游戲7.checkout 察看；觀察 8.clearoutsth.=clearsth.out收拾，整理；丟掉，清理9.nolonger 不再 10.atfirst 起初 11.asfor 至于12.partwithsth.=giveupsth.放棄，交出 14.tobehonest 老實說，說實話15.millionsof 數(shù)百萬的 16.searchfor 搜尋，找尋 17.acrossfrom=opposite 在對面 18.accordingto 依據(jù)，按照19.inorderto+動原 為了 20.inonesopinion 依某人看來二. 重點短語句型詳解1. Ive had it for three years. 【解析】for +一段時間 表示動作持續(xù)一段時間,用于現(xiàn)在完成時【2012甘肅雞西市1】 She_ her hometown for many years. No one nearly knows her. A. has been away from B. has left C. had left【2012湖北十堰2】Ben is a foreign teacher. So far, he _ in Shiyan for five years. A. was teaching B. has taughtC. will teachD. taught2. Amy wants to keep her old things because they bring back sweet memories. 【解析1】keep （kept ; kept）保留keep 用法歸納如下： 一、用作系動詞，意為“保持（某種狀態(tài)）”，其后常接形容詞作表語。 Please keep quiet / silent! 二、用作實義動詞，. 保管；保存；保留 Please keep these things for me while I am away. . 贍養(yǎng)；飼養(yǎng) I used to keep sheep in my childhood. 堅持；繼續(xù) 接V-ing 形式作賓語。 If you keep practicing your spoken English, youll soon make great progress. 阻止；阻礙 keep sb/sth from doing sth 其中介詞 from 不能省略。 The heavy rain didnt keep them from watching the football match. 保持。 其后常接復(fù)合賓語，表示使（某人或某物）保持某種狀態(tài)或使某一動作繼續(xù)。 keep + sb/sth + 介詞。 If your hands are cold, keep them in your pockets. keep + sb/sth + 形容詞。 These gloves will keep your hands warm. keep + sb/sth + V-ing ，“讓某人 / 某物一直”，強調(diào)動作的持續(xù)性。 Im sorry Ive kept you waiting. 很抱歉，讓你久等了。 【短語】 keep a record 保持記錄， keep in touch (with)保持與的聯(lián)系 keep out (of) 把關(guān)在外面， keep up 保持；使不能入睡 keep ones / an eye on密切注視 keep away (from) 離開 keep in mind 牢記 keep ones word 遵守諾言【2013山東濟南3】 Could I _ your iPad, Alice? Of course. Here you are. A. lend B. keep C. borrow D. return【2013貴州安順2】“Did you borrow the comic book from the library?” “ Yes. I _ it for three days. Ill return it this afternoon. A. borrowed B. kept C. have borrowed D. have kept【解析2】 bring back (v+adv) 使回想起；使回憶起( ) Our excellent service _ our guests _ year after year. A. bring; down B. bring; back C. bring; in D. bring; up 3. You can also give old things away to people in need. 【解析】 in need 需要；需求【拓展】in danger 在危險中 in trouble在困境中 in silence 在沉默中 in good health 在好的健康狀態(tài)中A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患難見真情4. Because I dont read it anymore . 因為我不用再讀了?！窘馕觥縩o more ;not anymore/ no longer ;not. any longer不再 詞語同義詞用法no longernot any longer強調(diào)時間或動作“不再延續(xù)” , 與延續(xù)性動詞連用no more not any more強調(diào)數(shù)量和程度“不再增加” , 與非延續(xù)性動詞連用 位置區(qū)別： 當(dāng)修飾動詞時，no longer通常置于be或行為動詞前；no more一般置于行為動詞后。 not. any longer與not. any more常置于句末。He can no longer walk. = He cant walk any longer The little girl no more cried. = The little girl didnt cry any more.( ) It is late. We can not wait him _. A. any more B. no more C. more5. Because Ive had it since I was a baby. 【解析】since 自從Since +從句（一般過去時），主句用現(xiàn)在完成時 He has studied very hard since he came to our school.【辨析】since 與for 在現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)中的用法：since其后接時間點或時態(tài)為一般過去時的句子，表示某事是從什么時候開始的 Ive been a soldier since two years agofor其后接時間段，表示某事持續(xù)了多長時間Ive been a soldier for two years.【2011天津】My grandmother _ a lot of changes in Tianjin since she came here. Asees B. can see C. will see D. has seen【2011貴州畢節(jié)】I _ many new friends since I came here Amake Bmade Cwill make Dhave made【2013上?！縚 have you been in the sports club? Since the first month I came to the school. A. How old B. How long C. How much D. How soon6. I have something for the kids.【解析】for 給；為了介詞for用法歸納用法1：(表目的)為了。They went out for a walk. 他們出去散步了。用法2：(表利益)為，為了。 What can I do for you? 你想要我什么？【2013上海4】The chemicals in the vegetables and fruit are bad _ our health. A. from B. with C .of D. for【2013牡丹江2】What did you get _ your mother _ Mothers Day? A beautiful card and a scarf. A. for; in B. for; on C. to; for【2013江蘇鹽城4】It is reported that a lot of adults take lessons online _ further education.A. after B. to C. with D. for7. The stories inside may be a bit old, but theyll still interesting. 【解析】a bit 稍微；有點兒a bit /a little辨析： a bit和a little在肯定句中, 修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞和比較級,一點兒。 The speaker spoke up a bit/a little so as to make himself heard more clearly. 演講者把嗓門提高了一點兒,以便使別人聽得更清楚。 a little可以直接作定語修飾名詞, a bit修飾名詞，需后面加of構(gòu)成短語 ,兩者都只能修飾不可數(shù)名詞 There is a little/a bit of food left for lunch. 午飯只能吃剩下的一點食品了。 8 . And check out these soft toys and board games for younger kids.【解析】check out 查看；觀察 check v檢查【2013浙江寧波】 Please _(檢查)your test paper before you hand it in.【2013安徽3】I will meet Jane at the station, Please_ what time she will arrive. A. count B. choose C. check D. catch【2013天津】 Julie said she sent you a birthday card yesterday. Have you got it? Oh, really! I havent _ my mailbox yet. A. examined B. reviewed C. tested D. checked9. So weve been clearing out a lot of things from our bedroom for a yard sale. 【解析】clear out 清理；把清空 clean up 清理；使整潔 e.g. Please clear out the cupboard. 10. Weve decided to each sell five things we no longer use. 【解析1】decide 決定decide v 決定-decision n 決定 (1)decide to do sth= make up ones mind to do sth 決定做某事 (2)make a decision 做決定 My mother has decided _(take) me to acting lessons. 【四川南充】The classroom was so dirty . I decided _. A. clean it up B. to clean it up C. clean up it 11. For example , hes owned a train and railway set since his fourth birthday, and he played with it almost every week until he was about seven. 【解析】own 擁有own v 擁有owner n 物主 of ones own 某人自己的 the owner of 的所有者Who is the _(own) of the bike? I want to see it with _(I) own eyes.12. And he didnt want to lose the toy monkey hes had since then.【解析】lose (lost , lost) 失去 I hope we wont lose the competition.My daughter was more understanding , although she felt sad to part with certain toys. 【解析1】part with 與分開；失去（尤指舍不得的東西） e.g. They were sorry to part with the old house. 【解析2】certain 某種； 某事；某人 （在句中只能做定語，常與不定代詞a連用，可修飾單、復(fù)數(shù)名詞） e.g. A certain person called on me yesterday. adj. 確實的，無疑的be certain of 對某事有把握 e.g. They are certain of success. be certain to do sth 肯定做某事 He is certain to come.be certain +that確信 e.g. Im certain that hell come.( ) He is certain _ to ninety. A. live B. of live C. to live D. to living.13. As for me, I didnt want to give up my football shirts , but , to be honest , I havent played for a while now. 【解析1】as for 至于；關(guān)于 （后跟名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語） e.g. As for computer, Im not telling you anything. 【解析2】 to be honest = to tell (you) the truth老實說；說實話【拓展】honest adj. 誠實的（反）dishonest adj. 不誠實的an honest boy 一個誠實的男孩【注】honest 以元音音素開頭，所以前面的定冠詞要用an.He is a _(honest) boy. We all dont like him.She is an _(honest) girl. We all like her. Tom likes to tell lies, he is_(honest)( ) We shoul