英語連讀技巧PPT課件

.,1,如果相鄰兩詞中的前一個詞是以輔音結(jié)尾，后一個詞是以元音開頭，這就要將輔音與元音拼起來連讀。,連讀的條件：相鄰的兩詞在意義上必須密切相關(guān)，同屬一個意群。,1.“輔音+元音”,英語連讀技巧,.,2,giveuptakeoutturnoffTakeiteasy.Bearsarefuzzy.Catseatfishbones.Joeboughtabook.ImanEnglishboy.Itisanoldbook.Letmehavealookatit.MsBlackworkedinanofficeyesterday.Icalledyouhalfanhourago.Putiton,please.Notatall.Pleasepickitup.Idlikeanotherbowlofrice.,.,3,以輔音結(jié)尾的單詞+h開頭的單詞h不發(fā)音，與前面的輔音連讀TellherImissher.Whatwil(lhe)wilido?Ha(she)zidoneitbefore?Mus(the)tigo?Canhenidoit?Shouldhedi.?Tellhimtoaskher.Lea(vehim)vim.,.,4,“r/re+元音”，如果前一個詞是以-r或者-re結(jié)尾，后一個詞是以元音開頭，這時的r或re不但要發(fā)/r/，而且還要與后面的元音拼起來連讀。forevermoreoverRememberitafterallamatteroffactapairofshoesansweritapairofsocksafterallonyourownfatherandsonCheerup!asfarasIdoitforhim.,.,5,Theyremyfatherandmother.Ilookedforithereandthere.Thereisafootballunderit.Therearesomebooksonthedesk.Hereisaletterforyou.Herearefoureggs.Butwhereismycup?Whereareyourbrotherandsister?Thebeerisgood!Theauthorismybrother.Pleasewaitformeforamoment.,.,6,但是，如果一個音節(jié)的前后都有字母r，即使后面的詞以元音開頭，也不能連讀。Theblackcloudsarecomingnearerandnearer.（nearer與and不可連讀）,.,7,2.“輔音+半元音”i.英語語音中的/j/和/w/是半元音，如果前一個詞是以輔音結(jié)尾，后一個詞是以半元音，特別是/j/開頭，此時也要連讀。Thankyou.ii.音的同化也是一種連讀的現(xiàn)象，兩個詞之間非常平滑的過渡，導致一個音受臨音影響而變化。tdsz+j要發(fā)生音變：,.,8,輔音t與j相鄰時，被同化為t：t+jtNicetomeetyou.Cantyoudoit?Illletyouknow.Isthatyourcar?No,notyet.,.,9,輔音d與j相鄰時，被同化為d：d+jdDidyougettherelateagain?Wouldyoulikeacupoftea？Couldyouhelpme,please?,.,10,輔音s與j相鄰時,被同化為：s+jGodblessyou.Canyoudressyourself?Imissyou.,.,11,輔音z與j相鄰時,被同化為：z+jHowwasyourvacation?Hesaysyouregood.,.,12,3.“元音+元音”如果前一個詞以元音結(jié)尾，后一個詞以元音開頭，這兩個音往往也要自然而不間斷地連讀到一起。DoI?Yourejusohonest.IamChinese.Heisveryfriendlytome.ShewantstostudyEnglish.Howandwhydidyoucomehere?Shecantcarryit.Itlltakeyouthreehourstowalkthere.Thequestionistooeasyforhimtoanswer.,.,13,4.輔音+輔音爆破音/p/，/b/，/t/，/d/，/k/，/g/和摩擦音/f/，/v/，/W/,其中任意2個相臨時，前一個音會輕音化，即由相關(guān)的發(fā)音器官做好這個發(fā)音的姿勢，稍做停頓后即發(fā)后面的音。如果這些音在詞尾，也要輕音化。Si(t)downcontac(t)lensDa(d)told)megoo(d)nightThegirlinthere(d)coatwasonabla(ck)bikejus(t)now.Thebi(g)busfromthefa(c)toryisfullofpeople.Wha(t)timedoeshegetupeverymorning?Thisisanol(d)pi(c)tureofabi(g)car.Theol(d)do(c)torhasaca(t),too.,.,14,Weregoingtoworkonafarmnex(t)Tuesday.Whatwouldyoulike,ho(t)teaorbla(ck)coffee?Itsaverycol(d)day,butitsagoo(d)day.Youcanputi(t)downinthebi(g)garden.Iboughtachea(p)book,butitsagoo(d)book.Iwen(t)therealonea(t)ninelas(t)night.-Doyouknowhisbi(ke)number?-Sorry,Idon(t)know.Theforty-firs(t)lessonisqui(te)difficult.Heneedsaloto(f)money.,.,15,如果前詞尾輔音與后詞尾輔音相同，前輔音省略。Iwassohappy.Ihavegottogo.Ihavegottago.(to輕音化為ta)Doyouwanttodance?doyouwannadance?(to輕音化為na),.,16,當短語或從句之間按意群進行停頓時，意群與意群之間即使有兩個相鄰的輔音與元音出現(xiàn)，也不可連讀。Isitahatoracat?（hat與or之間不可以連讀）Thereisagoodbookinmydesk.（book與in之間不可以連讀）CanyouspeakEnglishorFrench?（English與or之間不可以連讀）Shallwemeetateightortentomorrowmorning?（meet與at，eight與or之間不可以連讀）Sheopenedthedoorandwalkedin.（door與and之間不可以連讀）,不可連讀的情況：,.,17,I、濁化i.S后面的清輔音要濁化discussion：k濁化成gstand：t濁化成dii.美音中：t在單詞的中間被濁化成d如：writer，聽起來和rider的發(fā)音幾乎沒有區(qū)別letterladderoutof,補充：,.,18,Phonetics,.,19,II.弱讀弱讀的規(guī)則一般是：元音音節(jié)弱化成或比如說如下幾個單詞：at,of,the,to,as,than,and,or,his,a,an,but,been,for,her,we,be,shall,was,them,弱讀的頻率達到90，其中a,an,the,than極少用強式。查字典會發(fā)現(xiàn)這些詞都至少有兩種讀音，如for:重讀時f:,弱讀時fIhavebeenwaitingforyouforalongtime.Heisintheroom.Hehasdoneitwell.Ihaveseenit.,.,20,III.意群一個句子可以按照意義和語法結(jié)構(gòu)分成幾個部分，每一個部分可稱為一個意群。意群通常是一個詞組或短語，當然也可以是一個詞或是一個句子。停頓的單位就是意群和氣群，所以停頓只能落在意群結(jié)束處，不能落在一個意群的中間（各種語流音變現(xiàn)象，例如同化、省音、連讀以及不完全爆破等，一般只發(fā)生在意群內(nèi)部）。意群的劃分正確劃分意群是準確表達的關(guān)鍵。意群是根據(jù)語義、語法和語調(diào)這三個因素來劃分的。從語義、語法上講，意群必須是能夠表達某種意思的一個詞、一個短語、一個從句、一個分句或一個獨立的句子；從語調(diào)上講，意群必須是可以用降調(diào)、升調(diào)和平調(diào)來朗讀的一個語調(diào)單位。意群與意群通常用符號“”分割。,.,21,1依據(jù)語義來劃分意群Imbusy.（一個句子即一個意群）Shetoldmeshehaschangedherjob.（兩個意群）YesterdayhewenttoNewYorkbyair.（三個意群）Before1992,IusedtoliveinAustraliaandworkedasadoctor.（三個意群）,.,22,2劃分意群的主要依據(jù)是句中詞與詞的語法關(guān)系偏正詞組：anapple,prettygirl,railwaystation,studyhard短語：infrontofthebuilding,toseeadoctor,sleepingcarlongago各種簡短的主謂句：Helookspale.Wevegivenup.Hegavemeanovel.Iheardyousinging.各種簡短的從句：Howtheprisonerescapedisacompletelymystery.(主語從句)Thefactisthatnobodytakeitseriously.（表語從句）Heaskedmewherehecanfindher.（賓語從句）ThisistheroomwhereJordonhadeverlived.（定語從句）Itsnoteasyasyouthink.（狀語從句）,.,23,如果句子很長，上述各種結(jié)構(gòu)還可以按一定的規(guī)則劃分成若干意群。Whatcanbedoneinordertomakesurethatnooneintheworldgoeshungry?UnlessIvisiteverybookstoreintown,IshallnotknowwhetherIcangetwhatIwant.Wehavetwoearsandonlyonetongueinorderthatwemayhearmoreandspeakless.Thereisagreatdealdifferencebetweentheeagermanwhowantstoreadabook,andthetiredmanwhowantsabooktoread.,.,24,此外，意