最新2016年電大開放教育c++語言程序設(shè)計期末考試試題及答案小抄參考

C語言程序設(shè)計期末考試試題及答案姓名_學(xué)號_班號_題號一二（1）二（2）三總分成績一、填空1在類中必須聲明成員函數(shù)的原型，成員函數(shù)的實現(xiàn)部分可以寫在類外。2如果需要在被調(diào)函數(shù)運行期間，改變主調(diào)函數(shù)中實參變量的值，則函數(shù)的形參應(yīng)該是引用類型或指針類型。3抽象類只能作為基類使用，而不能聲明它的對象。4進(jìn)行函數(shù)重載時，被重載的同名函數(shù)如果都沒有用CONST修飾，則它們的形參個數(shù)或類型必須不同。5通過一個常對象只能調(diào)用它的常成員函數(shù)，不能調(diào)用其他成員函數(shù)。6函數(shù)的遞歸調(diào)用是指函數(shù)直接或間接地調(diào)用自身。7拷貝構(gòu)造函數(shù)的形參必須是本類對象的引用。二、閱讀下列程序，寫出其運行時的輸出結(jié)果如果程序運行時會出現(xiàn)錯誤，請簡要描述錯誤原因。1請在以下兩題中任選一題，該題得分即為本小題得分。如兩題都答，則取兩題得分之平均值為本小題得分。（1）程序INCLUDEINCLUDECLASSBASEPRIVATECHARMSG30PROTECTEDINTNPUBLICBASECHARS,INTM0NMSTRCPYMSG,SVOIDOUTPUTVOIDCOUTCLASSSAMPPUBLICVOIDSETIJINTA,INTBIA,JBSAMPCOUTINCLUDECLASSVECTORPUBLICVECTORINTS100INTVOIDDISPLAYVOIDVOIDSETVOIDVECTORVOIDPROTECTEDINTSIZEINTBUFFERVECTORVECTORINTSBUFFERNEWINTSIZESINTCATCONSTCATINTGETAGERETURNITSAGEVOIDSETAGEINTAGEITSAGEAGEPROTECTEDINTITSAGECATCATITSAGENEWINTITSAGE5CATCATDELETEITSAGEITSAGENULLINTMAINCATACOUTINCLUDE/類定義部分TEMPLATECLASSNODEPRIVATENODENEXT/指向后繼節(jié)點的指針PUBLICTDATA/數(shù)據(jù)域NODECONSTT/構(gòu)造函數(shù)VOIDINSERTAFTERNODEP/在本節(jié)點之后插入一個同類節(jié)點PNODEDELETEAFTERVOID/刪除本節(jié)點的后繼節(jié)點,返回其地址NODENEXTNODEVOIDCONST/獲取后繼節(jié)點的地址TEMPLATECLASSLINKEDLISTPRIVATENODEFRONT,REAR/表頭和表尾指針NODEPREVPTR,CURRPTR/記錄表當(dāng)前遍歷位置的指針,由插入和刪除操作更新INTSIZE/表中的元素個數(shù)INTPOSITION/當(dāng)前元素在表中的位置序號。由函數(shù)RESET使用NODEGETNODECONSTT/生成新節(jié)點，數(shù)據(jù)域為ITEM，指針域為PTRNEXTVOIDFREENODENODEP/釋放節(jié)點VOIDCOPYLISTCONSTLINKEDLIST/將鏈表L拷貝到當(dāng)前表/（假設(shè)當(dāng)前表為空）。被拷貝構(gòu)造函數(shù)、OPERATOR調(diào)用PUBLICLINKEDLISTVOID/構(gòu)造函數(shù)LINKEDLISTCONSTLINKEDLIST/拷貝構(gòu)造函數(shù)LINKEDLISTVOID/析構(gòu)函數(shù)LINKEDLIST/重載賦值運算符INTLISTSIZEVOIDCONST/返回鏈表中元素個數(shù)（SIZE）INTLISTEMPTYVOIDCONST/SIZE為0時返回TRUE,否則返回FALSEVOIDRESETINTPOS0/將指針CURRPTR移動到序號為POS的節(jié)點，/PREVPTR相應(yīng)移動,POSITION記錄當(dāng)前節(jié)點的序號VOIDNEXTVOID/使PREVPTR和CURRPTR移動到下一個節(jié)點INTENDOFLISTVOIDCONST/CURRPTR等于NULL時返回TRUE,否則返回FALSEINTCURRENTPOSITIONVOIDCONST/返回數(shù)據(jù)成員POSITIONVOIDINSERTFRONTCONSTT/在表頭插入一個數(shù)據(jù)域為ITEM的節(jié)點VOIDINSERTREARCONSTT/在表尾添加一個數(shù)據(jù)域為ITEM的節(jié)點VOIDINSERTATCONSTT/在當(dāng)前節(jié)點之前插入一個數(shù)據(jù)域為ITEM的節(jié)點VOIDINSERTAFTERCONSTT/在當(dāng)前節(jié)點之后插入一個數(shù)據(jù)域為ITEM的節(jié)點TDELETEFRONTVOID/刪除頭節(jié)點,釋放節(jié)點空間，更新PREVPTR、CURRPTR和SIZEVOIDDELETEATVOID/刪除當(dāng)前節(jié)點,釋放節(jié)點空間，更新PREVPTR、CURRPTR和SIZET/返回對當(dāng)前節(jié)點成員DATA的引用VOIDCLEARLISTVOID/清空鏈表釋放所有節(jié)點的內(nèi)存空間。/類實現(xiàn)部分略TEMPLATEVOIDMERGELISTLINKEDLISTLA,LINKEDLISTLB,LINKEDLISTLC/合并鏈表LA和LB,構(gòu)成新鏈表LC。/函數(shù)結(jié)束后，程序的數(shù)據(jù)所占內(nèi)存空間總數(shù)不因此函數(shù)的運行而增加。WHILELALISTEMPTYLADELETEATELSELCINSERTREARLBDATALBDELETEATWHILELALISTEMPTYLCINSERTREARLADATALADELETEATWHILELBLISTEMPTYLCINSERTREARLBDATALBDELETEATINTMAINLINKEDLISTLA,LB,LCINTITEM,I/讀如數(shù)據(jù)建立鏈表LAFORI0IITEMLAINSERTREARITEMLARESET/讀如數(shù)據(jù)建立鏈表LBFORI0IITEMLBINSERTREARITEMLBRESETMERGELIST/合并鏈表LCRESET/輸出各節(jié)點數(shù)據(jù)，直到鏈表尾WHILELCENDOFLISTCOUTLCDATA“LCNEXT/使CURRPTR指向下一個節(jié)點COUTENDL請您刪除一下內(nèi)容，O_O謝謝2016年中央電大期末復(fù)習(xí)考試小抄大全，電大期末考試必備小抄，電大考試必過小抄BASKETBALLCANMAKEATRUECLAIMTOBEINGTHEONLYMAJORSPORTTHATISANAMERICANINVENTIONFROMHIGHSCHOOLTOTHEPROFESSIONALLEVEL,BASKETBALLATTRACTSALARGEFOLLOWINGFORLIVEGAMESASWELLASTELEVISIONCOVERAGEOFEVENTSLIKETHENATIONALCOLLEGIATEATHLETICASSOCIATIONNCAAANNUALTOURNAMENTANDTHENATIONALBASKETBALLASSOCIATIONNBAANDWOMENSNATIONALBASKETBALLASSOCIATIONWNBAPLAYOFFSANDITHASALSOMADEAMERICANHEROESOUTOFITSPLAYERANDCOACHLEGENDSLIKEMICHAELJORDAN,LARRYBIRD,EARVIN“MAGIC“JOHNSON,SHERYLSWOOPES,ANDOTHERGREATPLAYERSATTHEHEARTOFTHEGAMEISTHEPLAYINGSPACEANDTHEEQUIPMENTTHESPACEISARECTANGULAR,INDOORCOURTTHEPRINCIPALPIECESOFEQUIPMENTARETHETWOELEVATEDBASKETS,ONEATEACHENDINTHELONGDIRECTIONOFTHECOURT,ANDTHEBASKETBALLITSELFTHEBALLISSPHERICALINSHAPEANDISINFLATEDBASKETBALLSRANGEINSIZEFROM28530IN7276CMINCIRCUMFERENCE,ANDINWEIGHTFROM1822OZ510624GFORPLAYERSBELOWTHEHIGHSCHOOLLEVEL,ASMALLERBALLISUSED,BUTTHEBALLINMENSGAMESMEASURES29530IN7576CMINCIRCUMFERENCE,ANDAWOMENSBALLIS28529IN7274CMINCIRCUMFERENCETHECOVERINGOFTHEBALLISLEATHER,RUBBER,COMPOSITION,ORSYNTHETIC,ALTHOUGHLEATHERCOVERSONLYAREDICTATEDBYRULESFORCOLLEGEPLAY,UNLESSTHETEAMSAGREEOTHERWISEORANGEISTHEREGULATIONCOLORATALLLEVELSOFPLAY,THEHOMETEAMPROVIDESTHEBALLINFLATIONOFTHEBALLISBASEDONTHEHEIGHTOFTHEBALLSBOUNCEINSIDETHECOVERINGORCASING,ARUBBERBLADDERHOLDSAIRTHEBALLMUSTBEINFLATEDTOAPRESSURESUFFICIENTTOMAKEITREBOUNDTOAHEIGHTMEASUREDTOTHETOPOFTHEBALLOF4954IN1214MWHENITISDROPPEDONASOLIDWOODENFLOORFROMASTARTINGHEIGHTOF6FT180MMEASUREDFROMTHEBOTTOMOFTHEBALLTHEFACTORYMUSTTESTTHEBALLS,ANDTHEAIRPRESSURETHATMAKESTHEBALLLEGALINKEEPINGWITHTHEBOUNCETESTISSTAMPEDONTHEBALLDURINGTHEINTENSITYOFHIGHSCHOOLANDCOLLEGETOURNEYSANDTHEPROFESSIONALPLAYOFFS,THISINFLATEDSPHERECOMMANDSCONSIDERABLEATTENTIONBASKETBALLISONEOFFEWSPORTSWITHAKNOWNDATEOFBIRTHONDECEMBER1,1891,INSPRINGFIELD,MASSACHUSETTS,JAMESNAISMITHHUNGTWOHALFBUSHELPEACHBASKETSATTHEOPPOSITEENDSOFAGYMNASIUMANDOUTLINED13RULESBASEDONFIVEPRINCIPLESTOHISSTUDENTSATTHEINTERNATIONALTRAININGSCHOOLOFTHEYOUNGMENSCHRISTIANASSOCIATIONYMCA,WHICHLATERBECAMESPRINGFIELDCOLLEGENAISMITH18611939WASAPHYSICALEDUCATIONTEACHERWHOWASSEEKINGATEAMSPORTWITHLIMITEDPHYSICALCONTACTBUTALOTOFRUNNING,JUMPING,SHOOTING,ANDTHEHANDEYECOORDINATIONREQUIREDINHANDLINGABALLTHEPEACHBASKETSHEHUNGASGOALSGAVETHESPORTTHENAMEOFBASKETBALLHISSTUDENTSWEREEXCITEDABOUTTHEGAME,ANDCHRISTMASVACATIONGAVETHEMTHECHANCETOTELLTHEIRFRIENDSANDPEOPLEATTHEIRLOCALYMCASABOUTTHEGAMETHEASSOCIATIONLEADERSWROTETONAISMITHASKINGFORCOPIESOFTHERULES,ANDTHEYWEREPUBLISHEDINTHETRIANGLE,THESCHOOLNEWSPAPER,ONJANUARY15,1892NAISMITHSFIVEBASICPRINCIPLESCENTERONTHEBALL,WHICHWASDESCRIBEDAS“LARGE,LIGHT,ANDHANDLEDWITHTHEHANDS“PLAYERSCOULDNOTMOVETHEBALLBYRUNNINGALONE,ANDNONEOFTHEPLAYERSWASRESTRICTEDAGAINSTHANDLINGTHEBALLTHEPLAYINGAREAWASALSOOPENTOALLPLAYERS,BUTTHEREWASTOBENOPHYSICALCONTACTBETWEENPLAYERSTHEBALLWASTHEOBJECTIVETOSCORE,THEBALLHADTOBESHOTTHROUGHAHORIZONTAL,ELEVATEDGOALTHETEAMWITHTHEMOSTPOINTSATTHEENDOFANALLOTTEDTIMEPERIODWINSEARLYINTHEHISTORYOFBASKETBALL,THELOCALYMCASPROVIDEDTHEGYMNASIUMS,ANDMEMBERSHIPINTHEORGANIZATIONGREWRAPIDLYTHESIZEOFTHELOCALGYMDICTATEDTHENUMBEROFPLAYERSSMALLERGYMSUSEDFIVEPLAYERSONASIDE,ANDTHELARGERGYMSALLOWEDSEVENTONINETHETEAMSIZEBECAMEGENERALLYESTABLISHEDASFIVEIN1895,AND,IN1897,THISWASMADEFORMALINTHERULESTHEYMCALOSTINTERESTINSUPPORTINGTHEGAMEBECAUSE1020BASKETBALLPLAYERSMONOPOLIZEDAGYMNASIUMPREVIOUSLYUSEDBYMANYMOREINAVARIETYOFACTIVITIESYMCAMEMBERSHIPDROPPED,ANDBASKETBALLENTHUSIASTSPLAYEDINLOCALHALLSTHISLEDTOTHEBUILDINGOFBASKETBALLGYMNASIUMSATSCHOOLSANDCOLLEGESANDALSOTOTHEFORMATIONOFPROFESSIONALLEAGUESALTHOUGHBASKETBALLWASBORNINTHEUNITEDSTATES,FIVEOFNAISMITHSORIGINALPLAYERSWERECANADIANS,ANDTHEGAMESPREADTOCANADAIMMEDIATELYITWASPLAYEDINFRANCEBY1893ENGLANDIN1894AUSTRALIA,CHINA,ANDINDIABETWEEN1895AND1900ANDJAPANIN1900FROM1891THROUGH1893,ASOCCERBALLWASUSEDTOPLAYBASKETBALLTHEFIRSTBASKETBALLWASMANUFACTUREDIN1894ITWAS32IN81CMINCIRCUMFERENCE,ORABOUT4IN10CMLARGERTHANASOCCERBALLTHEDEDICATEDBASKETBALLWASMADEOFLACEDLEATHERANDWEIGHEDLESSTHAN20OZ567GTHEFIRSTMOLDEDBALLTHATELIMINATEDTHENEEDFORLACESWASINTRODUCEDIN1948ITSCONSTRUCTIONANDSIZEOF30IN76CMWERERULEDOFFICIALIN1949THERULESETTERSCAMEFROMSEVERALGROUPSEARLYINTHE1900SCOLLEGESANDUNIVERSITIESESTABLISHEDTHEIRRULESCOMMITTEESIN1905,THEYMCAANDTHEAMATEURATHLETICUNIONAAUCREATEDASETOFRULESJOINTLY,STATEMILITIAGROUPSABIDEDBYASHAREDSETOFRULES,ANDTHEREWERETWOPROFESSIONALSETSOFRULESAJOINTRULESCOMMITTEEFORCOLLEGES,THEAAU,ANDTHEYMCAWASCREATEDIN1915,AND,UNDERTHENAMETHENATIONALBASKETBALLCOMMITTEENBCMADERULESFORAMATEURPLAYUNTIL1979INTHATYEAR,THENATIONALFEDERATIONOFSTATEHIGHSCHOOLASSOCIATIONSBEGANGOVERNINGTHESPORTATTHEHIGHSCHOOLLEVEL,ANDTHENCAARULESCOMMITTEEASSUMEDRULEMAKINGRESPONSIBILITIESFORJUNIORCOLLEGES,COLLEGES,ANDTHEARMEDFORCES,WITHASIMILARCOMMITTEEHOLDINGJURISDICTIONOVERWOMENSBASKETBALLUNTILWORLDWARII,BASKETBALLBECAMEINCREASINGLYPOPULARINTHEUNITEDSTATESESPECIALLYATTHEHIGHSCHOOLANDCOLLEGELEVELSAFTERWORLDWARII,ITSPOPULARITYGREWAROUNDTHEWORLDINTHE1980S,INTERESTINTHEGAMETRULYEXPLODEDBECAUSEOFTELEVISIONEXPOSUREBROADCASTOFTHENCAACHAMPIONSHIPGAMESBEGANIN1963,AND,BYTHE1980S,CABLETELEVISIONWASCARRYINGREGULARSEASONCOLLEGEGAMESANDEVENHIGHSCHOOLCHAMPIONSHIPSINSOMESTATESPLAYERSLIKEBILLRUSSELL,WILTCHAMBERLAIN,ANDLEWALCINDORKAREEMABDULJABBARBECAMENATIONALLYFAMOUSATTHECOLLEGELEVELANDCARRIEDTHEIRFANSALONGINTHEIRPROFESSIONALBASKETBALLCAREERSTHEWOMENSGAMECHANGEDRADICALLYIN1971WHENSEPARATERULESFORWOMENWEREMODIFIEDTOMORECLOSELYRESEMBLETHEMENSGAMETELEVISIONINTERESTFOLLOWEDTHEWOMENASWELLWITHBROADCASTOFNCAACHAMPIONSHIPTOURNEYSBEGINNINGINTHEEARLY1980SANDTHEFORMATIONOFTHEWNBAIN1997INTERNATIONALLY,ITALYHASPROBABLYBECOMETHELEADINGBASKETBALLNATIONOUTSIDEOFTHEUNITEDSTATES,WITHNATIONAL,CORPORATE,ANDPROFESSIONALTEAMSTHEOLYMPICSBOOSTSBASKETBALLINTERNATIONALLYANDHASALSOSPURREDTHEWOMENSGAMEBYRECOGNIZINGITASANOLYMPICEVENTIN1976AGAIN,TELEVISIONCOVERAGEOFTHEOLYMPICSHASBEENEXCEPTIONALLYIMPORTANTINDRAWINGATTENTIONTOINTERNATIONALTEAMSTHEFIRSTPROFESSIONALMENSBASKETBALLLEAGUEINTHEUNITEDSTATESWASTHENATIONALBASKETBALLLEAGUENBL,WHICHDEBUTEDIN1898PLAYERSWEREPAIDONAPERGAMEBASIS,ANDTHISLEAGUEANDOTHERSWEREHURTBYTHEPOORQUALITYOFGAMESANDTHEEVERCHANGINGPLAYERSONATEAMAFTERTHEGREATDEPRESSION,ANEWNBLWASORGANIZEDIN1937,ANDTHEBASKETBALLASSOCIATIONOFAMERICAWASORGANIZEDIN1946THETWOLEAGUESCAMETOAGREETHATPLAYERSHADTOBEASSIGNEDTOTEAMSONACONTRACTBASISANDTHATHIGHSTANDARDSHADTOGOVERNTHEGAMEUNDERTHESEPREMISES,THETWOJOINEDTOFORMTHENATIONALBASKETBALLASSOCIATIONNBAIN1949ARIVALAMERICANBASKETBALLASSOCIATIONABAWASINAUGURATEDIN1967ANDCHALLENGEDTHENBAFORCOLLEGETALENTANDMARKETSHAREFORALMOSTTENYEARSIN1976,THISLEAGUEDISBANDED,BUTFOUROFITSTEAMSREMAINEDASNBATEAMSUNIFICATIONCAMEJUSTINTIMEFORMAJORTELEVISIONSUPPORTSEVERALWOMENSPROFESSIONALLEAGUESWEREATTEMPTEDANDFAILED,INCLUDINGTHEWOMENSPROFESSIONALBASKETBALLLEAGUEWBLANDTHEWOMENSWORLDBASKETBALLASSOCIATION,BEFORETHEWNBADEBUTEDIN1997WITHTHESUPPORTOFTHENBAJAMESNAISMITH,ORIGINALLYFROMALMONTE,ONTARIO,INVENTEDBASKETBALLATTHEINTERNATIONALYMCATRAININGSCHOOLINSPRINGFIELD,MASSACHUSETTS,IN1891THEGAMEWASFIRSTPLAYEDWITHPEACHBASKETSHENCETHENAMEANDASOCCERBALLANDWASINTENDEDTOPROVIDEINDOOREXERCISEFORFOOTBALLPLAYERSASARESULT,ITWASORIGINALLYAROUGHSPORTALTHOUGHTENOFNAISMITHSORIGINALTHIRTEENRULESREMAIN,THEGAMESOONCHANGEDCONSIDERABLY,ANDTHEFOUNDERHADLITTLETODOWITHITSEVOLUTIONTHEFIRSTINTERCOLLEGIATEGAMEWASPLAYEDINMINNESOTAIN1895,WITHNINEPLAYERSTOASIDEANDAFINALSCOREOFNINETOTHREEAYEARLATER,THEFIRSTFIVEMANTEAMSPLAYEDATTHEUNIVERSITYOFCHICAGOBASKETSWERENOWCONSTRUCTEDOFTWINENETSBUTITWASNOTUNTIL1906THATTHEBOTTOMOFTHENETSWEREOPENIN1897,THEDRIBBLEWASFIRSTUSED,FIELDGOALSBECAMETWOPOINTS,FOULSHOTSONEPOINT,ANDTHEFIRSTPROFESSIONALGAMEWASPLAYEDAYEARLATER,THEFIRSTPROFESSIONALLEAGUEWASSTARTED,INTHEEAST,WHILEIN1900,THEFIRSTINTERCOLLEGIATELEAGUEBEGANIN1910,INORDERTOLIMITROUGHPLAY,ITWASAGREEDTHATFOURFOULSWOULDDISQUALIFYPLAYERS,ANDGLASSBACKBOARDSWEREUSEDFORTHEFIRSTTIMENONETHELESS,MANYRULESSTILLDIFFERED,DEPENDINGUPONWHERETHEGAMESWEREPLAYEDANDWHETHERPROFESSIONALS,COLLEGIANS,ORYMCAPLAYERSWEREINVOLVEDCOLLEGEBASKETBALLWASPLAYEDFROMTEXASTOWISCONSINANDTHROUGHOUTTHEEASTTHROUGHTHE1920S,BUTMOSTTEAMSPLAYEDONLYINTHEIROWNREGIONS,WHICHPREVENTEDANATIONALGAMEORAUDIENCEFROMDEVELOPINGPROFESSIONALBASKETBALLWASPLAYEDALMOSTEXCLUSIVELYINTHEEASTBEFORETHE1920S,EXCEPTWHENATEAMWOULD“BARNSTORM“INTOTHEMIDWESTTOPLAYLOCALTEAMS,OFTENAFTERALEAGUEHADFOLDEDBEFORETHE1930SVERYFEWGAMES,EITHERPROFESSIONALORAMATEUR,WEREPLAYEDINFACILITIESSUITABLEFORBASKETBALLORWITHAPERFECTLYROUNDBALLSOMEWEREPLAYEDINARENASWITHCHICKENWIRESEPARATINGTHEPLAYERSFROMFANS,THUSTHEWORD“CAGERS,“OTHERSWITHPOSTSINTHEMIDDLEOFTHEFLOORANDOFTENWITHBALCONIESOVERHANGINGTHECORNERS,LIMITINGTHEAREASFROMWHICHSHOTSCOULDBETAKENUNTILTHELATE1930S,ALLPLAYERSUSEDTHETWOHANDSETSHOT,ANDSCORESREMAINEDLOWBASKETBALLINTHE1920SAND1930SBECAMEBOTHMOREORGANIZEDANDMOREPOPULAR,ALTHOUGHITSTILLLAGGEDFARBEHINDBOTHBASEBALLANDCOLLEGEFOOTBALLINTHEPROS,FIVEURBAN,ETHNICTEAMSEXCELLEDANDPLAYEDWITHALMOSTNOCOLLEGEGRADUATESTHEYWERETHENEWYORKORIGINALCELTICSTHECLEVELANDROSENBLUMS,OWNEDBYMAXROSENBLUMEDDIEGOTTLIEBSPHILADELPHIASPHASSOUTHPHILADELPHIAHEBREWASSOCIATIONANDTWOGREATBLACKTEAMS,THENEWYORKRENAISSANCEFIVEANDABESAPERSTEINSHARLEMGLOBETROTTERS,WHICHWASACTUALLYFROMCHICAGOWHILETHESETEAMSHADSOMENOTABLEPLAYERS,NOSUPERSTARS,SUCHASBABERUTH,JACKDEMPSEY,ORREDGRANGE,EMERGEDTOCAPTURETHEPUBLICSATTENTIONASTHEYDIDINOTHERSPORTSOFTHEPERIODTHESAMEWASTRUEINCOLLEGEBASKETBALLUPUNTILTHELATE1930S,WITHCOACHESDOMINATINGTHEGAMEANDITSDEVELOPMENTWALTER“DOC“MEANWELLATWISCONSIN,FORREST“PHOG“ALLENATKANSAS,WARD“PIGGY“LAMBERTATPURDUE,ANDHENRY“DOC“CARLSONATPITTSBURGHALLMADESIGNIFICANTCONTRIBUTIONSTOTHEGAMESDEVELOPMENTZONEDEFENSES,THEWEAVE,THEPASSINGGAME,ANDTHEFASTBREAKINTHEDECADEPRECEDINGWORLDWARII,FIVEEVENTSCHANGEDCOLLEGEBASKETBALLANDALLOWEDITTOBECOMEAMAJORSPECTATORSPORTIN1929,THERULESCOMMITTEEREVERSEDADECISIONTHATWOULDHAVEOUTLAWEDDRIBBLINGANDSLOWEDTHEGAMECONSIDERABLYFIVEYEARSLATER,PROMOTEREDWARD“NED“IRISHSTAGEDTHEFIRSTINTERSECTIONALTWINBILLINMADISONSQUAREGARDENINNEWYORKCITYANDATTRACTEDMORETHAN16,000FANSHEDEMONSTRATEDTHEAPPEALOFMAJORCOLLEGEBALLANDMADENEWYORKITSCENTERINDECEMBER1936,HANKLUISETTIOFSTANFORDREVEALEDTHEVIRTUESOFTHEONEHANDEDSHOTTOANAMAZEDGARDENAUDIENCEANDBECAMETHEFIRSTMAJORCOLLEGIATESTARSOONTHEREAFTER,LUISETTISCOREDANINCREDIBLEFIFTYPOINTSAGAINSTDUQUESNE,THUSENDINGTHEEASTSDEVOTIONTOTHESETSHOTANDENCOURAGINGAMOREOPENGAMEINCONSECUTIVEYEARSTHECENTERJUMPWASELIMINATEDAFTERFREETHROWSANDTHENAFTERFIELDGOALS,THUSSPEEDINGUPTHEGAMEANDALLOWINGFORMORESCORINGIN1938,IRISHCREATEDTHENATIONALINVITATIONTOURNAMENTNITINTHEGARDENTODETERMINEANATIONALCHAMPIONALTHOUGHPOSTSEASONTOURNAMENTSHADOCCURREDBEFORE,THENITWASTHEFIRSTWITHMAJORCOLLEGESFROMDIFFERENTREGIONSANDPROVEDTOBEAGREATFINANCIALSUCCESSTHENATIONALCOLLEGIATEATHLETICASSOCIATIONNCAACREATEDITSOWNPOSTSEASONTOURNAMENTIN1939BUTDIDNOTRIVALTHENITINPRESTIGEFORSOMETIMETHE1940SSAWSIGNIFICANTCHANGESFORCOLLEGEBASKETBALLPLAYERSBEGANUSINGTHEJUMPSHOTAFTERKENNYSAILORSOFWYOMINGWOWEDTHEEASTWITHITIN1943THEBEHINDTHEBACKDRIBBLEANDPASSALSOAPPEARED,ASDIDEXCEPTIONALBIGMENBOBKURLANDATOKLAHOMAAMWASALMOSTSEVENFEETTALLANDGEORGEMIKANATDEPAULWASSIXFEETTENINCHESWHILEKURLANDHADPERHAPSTHEBETTERCOLLEGECAREERANDPLAYEDINTWOOLYMPICS,HECHOSENOTTOPLAYPROFESSIONALBALL,WHEREASMIKANBECAMETHEFIRSTDOMINANTSTARINTHEPROSTHEIRDEFENSIVEPLAYINSPIREDTHERULEAGAINSTGOALTENDINGBLOCKINGASHOTONITSDOWNWARDFLIGHTADOLPHRUPP,WHOPLAYEDUNDERPHOGALLEN,ALSOCOACHEDTHEFIRSTOFHISMANYTALENTEDTEAMSATKENTUCKYINTHATDECADEHOWEVER,IN1951,RUPPANDSIXOTHERCOACHESSUFFEREDTHROUGHAPOINTSHAVINGSCANDALTHATINVOLVEDTHIRTYTWOPLAYERSATSEVENCOLLEGESANDSERIOUSLYINJUREDCOLLEGEBASKETBALL,PARTICULARLYINNEWYORK,WHEREFOUROFTHESEVENSCHOOLSWERELOCATEDWHILETHEGAMESURVIVED,THENCAAMOVEDITSTOURNAMENTAWAYFROMMADISONSQUAREGARDENTODIFFERENTCITIESEACHYEARANDTHENITSPRESTIGEBEGANTODECLINEPROFESSIONALBASKETBALLREMAINEDADISORGANIZEDANDSTODGYSPORTUPUNTILTHELATE1940S,WITHBARNSTORMINGSTILLCENTRALTOTHEGAMEANDMOSTPLAYERSSTILLUSINGTHESETSHOTIN1946,HOWEVER,HOCKEYOWNERS,LEDBYMAURICEPODOLOFF,CREATEDTHEBASKETBALLASSOCIATIONOFAMERICABAAINTHEEASTTOFILLTHEIRARENAS,BUTFEWFANSCAME,EVENAFTERJOEFULKSOFPHILADELPHIAINTRODUCEDTHEJUMPSHOTTHEBAASRIVAL,THENATIONALBASKETBALLLEAGUE,HADEXISTEDSINCETHE1930S,HADBETTERPLAYERS,LIKEMIKANOFTHEMINNEAPOLISLAKERS,BOBDAVIESOFTHEROCHESTERROYALS,ANDDOLPHSHAYESOFTHESYRACUSENATIONALS,BUTOPERATEDINMUCHWORSEFACILITIESANDDIDNOTDOMUCHBETTERATATTRACTINGAUDIENCESIN1948,PODOLOFFLUREDTHELAKERS,ROYALS,ANDTWOOTHERTEAMSTOTHEBAAANDPROPOSEDAMERGEROFTHETWOLEAGUESFORTHE19491950SEASONTHERESULTWASTHENATIONALBASKETBALLASSOCIATIONNBA,WITHPODOLOFFITSFIRSTCOMMISSIONERTHESEVENTEENTEAMLEAGUESTRUGGLEDATFIRSTBUTSOONREDUCEDITSSIZEANDGAINEDSTABILITY,INLARGEPARTBECAUSEOFMIKANSAPPEALANDPODOLOFFSSKILLSDESPITETHEPOINTSHAVINGSCANDAL,COLLEGEBALLTHRIVEDINTHE1950S,LARGELYBECAUSEITHADPROLIFICSCORERSANDMOREGREATPLAYERSTHANINANYPREVIOUSDECADEFRANKSELVYOFFURMANANDPAULARIZINOFVILLANOVABOTHAVERAGEDOVERFORTYPOINTSEARLYINTHEDECADE,WHILECLARENCE“BEVO“FRANCISOFTINYRIOGRANDECOLLEGEINOHIOAMAZEDFANSBYSCORING116POINTSINONEGAMEWHILEAVERAGING50PERGAMEFORASEASONTHEDECADEALSOWITNESSEDSOMEOFTHEMOSTTALENTEDANDCOMPLETEPLAYERSEVERTOMGOLAATLASALLE,BILLRUSSELLATSANFRANCISCO,WILT