最新2016年電大開(kāi)放教育c++語(yǔ)言程序設(shè)計(jì)期末考試試題及答案小抄參考

C語(yǔ)言程序設(shè)計(jì)期末考試試題及答案姓名_學(xué)號(hào)_班號(hào)_題號(hào)一二（1）二（2）三總分成績(jī)一、填空1在類中必須聲明成員函數(shù)的原型，成員函數(shù)的實(shí)現(xiàn)部分可以寫(xiě)在類外。2如果需要在被調(diào)函數(shù)運(yùn)行期間，改變主調(diào)函數(shù)中實(shí)參變量的值，則函數(shù)的形參應(yīng)該是引用類型或指針類型。3抽象類只能作為基類使用，而不能聲明它的對(duì)象。4進(jìn)行函數(shù)重載時(shí)，被重載的同名函數(shù)如果都沒(méi)有用CONST修飾，則它們的形參個(gè)數(shù)或類型必須不同。5通過(guò)一個(gè)常對(duì)象只能調(diào)用它的常成員函數(shù)，不能調(diào)用其他成員函數(shù)。6函數(shù)的遞歸調(diào)用是指函數(shù)直接或間接地調(diào)用自身。7拷貝構(gòu)造函數(shù)的形參必須是本類對(duì)象的引用。二、閱讀下列程序，寫(xiě)出其運(yùn)行時(shí)的輸出結(jié)果如果程序運(yùn)行時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)簡(jiǎn)要描述錯(cuò)誤原因。1請(qǐng)?jiān)谝韵聝深}中任選一題，該題得分即為本小題得分。如兩題都答，則取兩題得分之平均值為本小題得分。（1）程序INCLUDEINCLUDECLASSBASEPRIVATECHARMSG30PROTECTEDINTNPUBLICBASECHARS,INTM0NMSTRCPYMSG,SVOIDOUTPUTVOIDCOUTCLASSSAMPPUBLICVOIDSETIJINTA,INTBIA,JBSAMPCOUTINCLUDECLASSVECTORPUBLICVECTORINTS100INTVOIDDISPLAYVOIDVOIDSETVOIDVECTORVOIDPROTECTEDINTSIZEINTBUFFERVECTORVECTORINTSBUFFERNEWINTSIZESINTCATCONSTCATINTGETAGERETURNITSAGEVOIDSETAGEINTAGEITSAGEAGEPROTECTEDINTITSAGECATCATITSAGENEWINTITSAGE5CATCATDELETEITSAGEITSAGENULLINTMAINCATACOUTINCLUDE/類定義部分TEMPLATECLASSNODEPRIVATENODENEXT/指向后繼節(jié)點(diǎn)的指針PUBLICTDATA/數(shù)據(jù)域NODECONSTT/構(gòu)造函數(shù)VOIDINSERTAFTERNODEP/在本節(jié)點(diǎn)之后插入一個(gè)同類節(jié)點(diǎn)PNODEDELETEAFTERVOID/刪除本節(jié)點(diǎn)的后繼節(jié)點(diǎn),返回其地址NODENEXTNODEVOIDCONST/獲取后繼節(jié)點(diǎn)的地址TEMPLATECLASSLINKEDLISTPRIVATENODEFRONT,REAR/表頭和表尾指針NODEPREVPTR,CURRPTR/記錄表當(dāng)前遍歷位置的指針,由插入和刪除操作更新INTSIZE/表中的元素個(gè)數(shù)INTPOSITION/當(dāng)前元素在表中的位置序號(hào)。由函數(shù)RESET使用NODEGETNODECONSTT/生成新節(jié)點(diǎn)，數(shù)據(jù)域?yàn)镮TEM，指針域?yàn)镻TRNEXTVOIDFREENODENODEP/釋放節(jié)點(diǎn)VOIDCOPYLISTCONSTLINKEDLIST/將鏈表L拷貝到當(dāng)前表/（假設(shè)當(dāng)前表為空）。被拷貝構(gòu)造函數(shù)、OPERATOR調(diào)用PUBLICLINKEDLISTVOID/構(gòu)造函數(shù)LINKEDLISTCONSTLINKEDLIST/拷貝構(gòu)造函數(shù)LINKEDLISTVOID/析構(gòu)函數(shù)LINKEDLIST/重載賦值運(yùn)算符INTLISTSIZEVOIDCONST/返回鏈表中元素個(gè)數(shù)（SIZE）INTLISTEMPTYVOIDCONST/SIZE為0時(shí)返回TRUE,否則返回FALSEVOIDRESETINTPOS0/將指針CURRPTR移動(dòng)到序號(hào)為POS的節(jié)點(diǎn)，/PREVPTR相應(yīng)移動(dòng),POSITION記錄當(dāng)前節(jié)點(diǎn)的序號(hào)VOIDNEXTVOID/使PREVPTR和CURRPTR移動(dòng)到下一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)INTENDOFLISTVOIDCONST/CURRPTR等于NULL時(shí)返回TRUE,否則返回FALSEINTCURRENTPOSITIONVOIDCONST/返回?cái)?shù)據(jù)成員POSITIONVOIDINSERTFRONTCONSTT/在表頭插入一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)域?yàn)镮TEM的節(jié)點(diǎn)VOIDINSERTREARCONSTT/在表尾添加一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)域?yàn)镮TEM的節(jié)點(diǎn)VOIDINSERTATCONSTT/在當(dāng)前節(jié)點(diǎn)之前插入一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)域?yàn)镮TEM的節(jié)點(diǎn)VOIDINSERTAFTERCONSTT/在當(dāng)前節(jié)點(diǎn)之后插入一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)域?yàn)镮TEM的節(jié)點(diǎn)TDELETEFRONTVOID/刪除頭節(jié)點(diǎn),釋放節(jié)點(diǎn)空間，更新PREVPTR、CURRPTR和SIZEVOIDDELETEATVOID/刪除當(dāng)前節(jié)點(diǎn),釋放節(jié)點(diǎn)空間，更新PREVPTR、CURRPTR和SIZET/返回對(duì)當(dāng)前節(jié)點(diǎn)成員DATA的引用VOIDCLEARLISTVOID/清空鏈表釋放所有節(jié)點(diǎn)的內(nèi)存空間。/類實(shí)現(xiàn)部分略TEMPLATEVOIDMERGELISTLINKEDLISTLA,LINKEDLISTLB,LINKEDLISTLC/合并鏈表LA和LB,構(gòu)成新鏈表LC。/函數(shù)結(jié)束后，程序的數(shù)據(jù)所占內(nèi)存空間總數(shù)不因此函數(shù)的運(yùn)行而增加。WHILELALISTEMPTYLADELETEATELSELCINSERTREARLBDATALBDELETEATWHILELALISTEMPTYLCINSERTREARLADATALADELETEATWHILELBLISTEMPTYLCINSERTREARLBDATALBDELETEATINTMAINLINKEDLISTLA,LB,LCINTITEM,I/讀如數(shù)據(jù)建立鏈表LAFORI0IITEMLAINSERTREARITEMLARESET/讀如數(shù)據(jù)建立鏈表LBFORI0IITEMLBINSERTREARITEMLBRESETMERGELIST/合并鏈表LCRESET/輸出各節(jié)點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù)，直到鏈表尾WHILELCENDOFLISTCOUTLCDATA“LCNEXT/使CURRPTR指向下一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)COUTENDL請(qǐng)您刪除一下內(nèi)容，O_O謝謝2016年中央電大期末復(fù)習(xí)考試小抄大全，電大期末考試必備小抄，電大考試必過(guò)小抄BASKETBALLCANMAKEATRUECLAIMTOBEINGTHEONLYMAJORSPORTTHATISANAMERICANINVENTIONFROMHIGHSCHOOLTOTHEPROFESSIONALLEVEL,BASKETBALLATTRACTSALARGEFOLLOWINGFORLIVEGAMESASWELLASTELEVISIONCOVERAGEOFEVENTSLIKETHENATIONALCOLLEGIATEATHLETICASSOCIATIONNCAAANNUALTOURNAMENTANDTHENATIONALBASKETBALLASSOCIATIONNBAANDWOMENSNATIONALBASKETBALLASSOCIATIONWNBAPLAYOFFSANDITHASALSOMADEAMERICANHEROESOUTOFITSPLAYERANDCOACHLEGENDSLIKEMICHAELJORDAN,LARRYBIRD,EARVIN“MAGIC“JOHNSON,SHERYLSWOOPES,ANDOTHERGREATPLAYERSATTHEHEARTOFTHEGAMEISTHEPLAYINGSPACEANDTHEEQUIPMENTTHESPACEISARECTANGULAR,INDOORCOURTTHEPRINCIPALPIECESOFEQUIPMENTARETHETWOELEVATEDBASKETS,ONEATEACHENDINTHELONGDIRECTIONOFTHECOURT,ANDTHEBASKETBALLITSELFTHEBALLISSPHERICALINSHAPEANDISINFLATEDBASKETBALLSRANGEINSIZEFROM28530IN7276CMINCIRCUMFERENCE,ANDINWEIGHTFROM1822OZ510624GFORPLAYERSBELOWTHEHIGHSCHOOLLEVEL,ASMALLERBALLISUSED,BUTTHEBALLINMENSGAMESMEASURES29530IN7576CMINCIRCUMFERENCE,ANDAWOMENSBALLIS28529IN7274CMINCIRCUMFERENCETHECOVERINGOFTHEBALLISLEATHER,RUBBER,COMPOSITION,ORSYNTHETIC,ALTHOUGHLEATHERCOVERSONLYAREDICTATEDBYRULESFORCOLLEGEPLAY,UNLESSTHETEAMSAGREEOTHERWISEORANGEISTHEREGULATIONCOLORATALLLEVELSOFPLAY,THEHOMETEAMPROVIDESTHEBALLINFLATIONOFTHEBALLISBASEDONTHEHEIGHTOFTHEBALLSBOUNCEINSIDETHECOVERINGORCASING,ARUBBERBLADDERHOLDSAIRTHEBALLMUSTBEINFLATEDTOAPRESSURESUFFICIENTTOMAKEITREBOUNDTOAHEIGHTMEASUREDTOTHETOPOFTHEBALLOF4954IN1214MWHENITISDROPPEDONASOLIDWOODENFLOORFROMASTARTINGHEIGHTOF6FT180MMEASUREDFROMTHEBOTTOMOFTHEBALLTHEFACTORYMUSTTESTTHEBALLS,ANDTHEAIRPRESSURETHATMAKESTHEBALLLEGALINKEEPINGWITHTHEBOUNCETESTISSTAMPEDONTHEBALLDURINGTHEINTENSITYOFHIGHSCHOOLANDCOLLEGETOURNEYSANDTHEPROFESSIONALPLAYOFFS,THISINFLATEDSPHERECOMMANDSCONSIDERABLEATTENTIONBASKETBALLISONEOFFEWSPORTSWITHAKNOWNDATEOFBIRTHONDECEMBER1,1891,INSPRINGFIELD,MASSACHUSETTS,JAMESNAISMITHHUNGTWOHALFBUSHELPEACHBASKETSATTHEOPPOSITEENDSOFAGYMNASIUMANDOUTLINED13RULESBASEDONFIVEPRINCIPLESTOHISSTUDENTSATTHEINTERNATIONALTRAININGSCHOOLOFTHEYOUNGMENSCHRISTIANASSOCIATIONYMCA,WHICHLATERBECAMESPRINGFIELDCOLLEGENAISMITH18611939WASAPHYSICALEDUCATIONTEACHERWHOWASSEEKINGATEAMSPORTWITHLIMITEDPHYSICALCONTACTBUTALOTOFRUNNING,JUMPING,SHOOTING,ANDTHEHANDEYECOORDINATIONREQUIREDINHANDLINGABALLTHEPEACHBASKETSHEHUNGASGOALSGAVETHESPORTTHENAMEOFBASKETBALLHISSTUDENTSWEREEXCITEDABOUTTHEGAME,ANDCHRISTMASVACATIONGAVETHEMTHECHANCETOTELLTHEIRFRIENDSANDPEOPLEATTHEIRLOCALYMCASABOUTTHEGAMETHEASSOCIATIONLEADERSWROTETONAISMITHASKINGFORCOPIESOFTHERULES,ANDTHEYWEREPUBLISHEDINTHETRIANGLE,THESCHOOLNEWSPAPER,ONJANUARY15,1892NAISMITHSFIVEBASICPRINCIPLESCENTERONTHEBALL,WHICHWASDESCRIBEDAS“LARGE,LIGHT,ANDHANDLEDWITHTHEHANDS“PLAYERSCOULDNOTMOVETHEBALLBYRUNNINGALONE,ANDNONEOFTHEPLAYERSWASRESTRICTEDAGAINSTHANDLINGTHEBALLTHEPLAYINGAREAWASALSOOPENTOALLPLAYERS,BUTTHEREWASTOBENOPHYSICALCONTACTBETWEENPLAYERSTHEBALLWASTHEOBJECTIVETOSCORE,THEBALLHADTOBESHOTTHROUGHAHORIZONTAL,ELEVATEDGOALTHETEAMWITHTHEMOSTPOINTSATTHEENDOFANALLOTTEDTIMEPERIODWINSEARLYINTHEHISTORYOFBASKETBALL,THELOCALYMCASPROVIDEDTHEGYMNASIUMS,ANDMEMBERSHIPINTHEORGANIZATIONGREWRAPIDLYTHESIZEOFTHELOCALGYMDICTATEDTHENUMBEROFPLAYERSSMALLERGYMSUSEDFIVEPLAYERSONASIDE,ANDTHELARGERGYMSALLOWEDSEVENTONINETHETEAMSIZEBECAMEGENERALLYESTABLISHEDASFIVEIN1895,AND,IN1897,THISWASMADEFORMALINTHERULESTHEYMCALOSTINTERESTINSUPPORTINGTHEGAMEBECAUSE1020BASKETBALLPLAYERSMONOPOLIZEDAGYMNASIUMPREVIOUSLYUSEDBYMANYMOREINAVARIETYOFACTIVITIESYMCAMEMBERSHIPDROPPED,ANDBASKETBALLENTHUSIASTSPLAYEDINLOCALHALLSTHISLEDTOTHEBUILDINGOFBASKETBALLGYMNASIUMSATSCHOOLSANDCOLLEGESANDALSOTOTHEFORMATIONOFPROFESSIONALLEAGUESALTHOUGHBASKETBALLWASBORNINTHEUNITEDSTATES,FIVEOFNAISMITHSORIGINALPLAYERSWERECANADIANS,ANDTHEGAMESPREADTOCANADAIMMEDIATELYITWASPLAYEDINFRANCEBY1893ENGLANDIN1894AUSTRALIA,CHINA,ANDINDIABETWEEN1895AND1900ANDJAPANIN1900FROM1891THROUGH1893,ASOCCERBALLWASUSEDTOPLAYBASKETBALLTHEFIRSTBASKETBALLWASMANUFACTUREDIN1894ITWAS32IN81CMINCIRCUMFERENCE,ORABOUT4IN10CMLARGERTHANASOCCERBALLTHEDEDICATEDBASKETBALLWASMADEOFLACEDLEATHERANDWEIGHEDLESSTHAN20OZ567GTHEFIRSTMOLDEDBALLTHATELIMINATEDTHENEEDFORLACESWASINTRODUCEDIN1948ITSCONSTRUCTIONANDSIZEOF30IN76CMWERERULEDOFFICIALIN1949THERULESETTERSCAMEFROMSEVERALGROUPSEARLYINTHE1900SCOLLEGESANDUNIVERSITIESESTABLISHEDTHEIRRULESCOMMITTEESIN1905,THEYMCAANDTHEAMATEURATHLETICUNIONAAUCREATEDASETOFRULESJOINTLY,STATEMILITIAGROUPSABIDEDBYASHAREDSETOFRULES,ANDTHEREWERETWOPROFESSIONALSETSOFRULESAJOINTRULESCOMMITTEEFORCOLLEGES,THEAAU,ANDTHEYMCAWASCREATEDIN1915,AND,UNDERTHENAMETHENATIONALBASKETBALLCOMMITTEENBCMADERULESFORAMATEURPLAYUNTIL1979INTHATYEAR,THENATIONALFEDERATIONOFSTATEHIGHSCHOOLASSOCIATIONSBEGANGOVERNINGTHESPORTATTHEHIGHSCHOOLLEVEL,ANDTHENCAARULESCOMMITTEEASSUMEDRULEMAKINGRESPONSIBILITIESFORJUNIORCOLLEGES,COLLEGES,ANDTHEARMEDFORCES,WITHASIMILARCOMMITTEEHOLDINGJURISDICTIONOVERWOMENSBASKETBALLUNTILWORLDWARII,BASKETBALLBECAMEINCREASINGLYPOPULARINTHEUNITEDSTATESESPECIALLYATTHEHIGHSCHOOLANDCOLLEGELEVELSAFTERWORLDWARII,ITSPOPULARITYGREWAROUNDTHEWORLDINTHE1980S,INTERESTINTHEGAMETRULYEXPLODEDBECAUSEOFTELEVISIONEXPOSUREBROADCASTOFTHENCAACHAMPIONSHIPGAMESBEGANIN1963,AND,BYTHE1980S,CABLETELEVISIONWASCARRYINGREGULARSEASONCOLLEGEGAMESANDEVENHIGHSCHOOLCHAMPIONSHIPSINSOMESTATESPLAYERSLIKEBILLRUSSELL,WILTCHAMBERLAIN,ANDLEWALCINDORKAREEMABDULJABBARBECAMENATIONALLYFAMOUSATTHECOLLEGELEVELANDCARRIEDTHEIRFANSALONGINTHEIRPROFESSIONALBASKETBALLCAREERSTHEWOMENSGAMECHANGEDRADICALLYIN1971WHENSEPARATERULESFORWOMENWEREMODIFIEDTOMORECLOSELYRESEMBLETHEMENSGAMETELEVISIONINTERESTFOLLOWEDTHEWOMENASWELLWITHBROADCASTOFNCAACHAMPIONSHIPTOURNEYSBEGINNINGINTHEEARLY1980SANDTHEFORMATIONOFTHEWNBAIN1997INTERNATIONALLY,ITALYHASPROBABLYBECOMETHELEADINGBASKETBALLNATIONOUTSIDEOFTHEUNITEDSTATES,WITHNATIONAL,CORPORATE,ANDPROFESSIONALTEAMSTHEOLYMPICSBOOSTSBASKETBALLINTERNATIONALLYANDHASALSOSPURREDTHEWOMENSGAMEBYRECOGNIZINGITASANOLYMPICEVENTIN1976AGAIN,TELEVISIONCOVERAGEOFTHEOLYMPICSHASBEENEXCEPTIONALLYIMPORTANTINDRAWINGATTENTIONTOINTERNATIONALTEAMSTHEFIRSTPROFESSIONALMENSBASKETBALLLEAGUEINTHEUNITEDSTATESWASTHENATIONALBASKETBALLLEAGUENBL,WHICHDEBUTEDIN1898PLAYERSWEREPAIDONAPERGAMEBASIS,ANDTHISLEAGUEANDOTHERSWEREHURTBYTHEPOORQUALITYOFGAMESANDTHEEVERCHANGINGPLAYERSONATEAMAFTERTHEGREATDEPRESSION,ANEWNBLWASORGANIZEDIN1937,ANDTHEBASKETBALLASSOCIATIONOFAMERICAWASORGANIZEDIN1946THETWOLEAGUESCAMETOAGREETHATPLAYERSHADTOBEASSIGNEDTOTEAMSONACONTRACTBASISANDTHATHIGHSTANDARDSHADTOGOVERNTHEGAMEUNDERTHESEPREMISES,THETWOJOINEDTOFORMTHENATIONALBASKETBALLASSOCIATIONNBAIN1949ARIVALAMERICANBASKETBALLASSOCIATIONABAWASINAUGURATEDIN1967ANDCHALLENGEDTHENBAFORCOLLEGETALEN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