小學(xué)英語(yǔ)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

1、可編輯小學(xué)英語(yǔ)教案情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞本身有各種意義，但不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，只能和主要?jiǎng)釉~一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)，表示說(shuō)話人的語(yǔ)氣和情態(tài)，這樣的動(dòng)詞稱為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化。常用的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有can, could, may, might, will, would, should, must, need, dare等。一、can, could的用法1. can的用法（1）表示能力、許可、可能性。如：Can you speak English? 你會(huì)講英語(yǔ)嗎？ Can you play the piano? 你會(huì)彈鋼琴嗎？She can swim fast, but I cant. 她能游得快，但我不

2、能。I can see with my eyes. 我用眼睛看。（2）表示請(qǐng)求或者許可。如：Can I help you? 我能幫助你嗎？You cant play basketball. 你不能玩籃球。 Can you.？“請(qǐng)你好嗎？”表示說(shuō)話人的請(qǐng)求；Can I.？“我可以嗎？”用來(lái)征求對(duì)方是否允許自己做某事。如在句末加上 please一詞就顯得更有禮貌了。例如： Can you help me, please? 請(qǐng)你幫助我好嗎？You can use my dictionary. 你可以用我的字典。（3）表示推測(cè)，意為“可能”，常用與否定句和疑問(wèn)句中，此時(shí)cant譯為“不可能”。如：Ca

3、n the news be true? 這個(gè)消息會(huì)是真的嗎？The moon cant always be full. 月亮不可能常圓。2. could的用法（1）can的過(guò)去式，意為“能、會(huì)”，表示過(guò)去的能力、可能性或允許：如：He could write poems when he was 10. 他十歲時(shí)就會(huì)寫(xiě)詩(shī)。I could run faster then.那時(shí)我能跑得更快。It could be no better at that time.那時(shí)好得不能再好了。（2）在疑問(wèn)句中，表示委婉的語(yǔ)氣，此時(shí)could沒(méi)有過(guò)去的意思。如：Could you do me a favour? 你

4、能幫我個(gè)忙嗎？二、may, might的用法1. 都表請(qǐng)求或允許，might可以指過(guò)去時(shí)間，也可指現(xiàn)在時(shí)間，語(yǔ)氣更委婉。如：You may take whatever you like. 你喜歡什么就拿什么。May (Might) I ask for a photo of your baby? 我可以要一張你寶寶的照片嗎？May I come in？我可以進(jìn)來(lái)嗎？在回答以may引起的問(wèn)句時(shí)，多避免用這個(gè)詞，而用其它方式，如Yes, please. / Certainly. / Please dont ./ Youd better not. / No, you mustnt.等，以免顯得太嚴(yán)峻或

5、不客氣。2，表示可能。I may be busy tomorrow. 我明天可能會(huì)比較忙。Exercise 1.-Is John coming by train? -He should, but he _ not. He likes driving his car.A. mustB. canC. needD. may2.Peter _ come with us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet.A. mustB. canC. mayD. will3.I thought you _ be hungry, so I have brought you some c

6、akes.A. mayB. mightC. canD. could三、must, have to的用法1. 兩詞都是“必須”的意思，have to 表示客觀的需要，must 表示說(shuō)話人主觀上的看法，即主觀上的必要。如：My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟病得很厲害，我只得半夜里把醫(yī)生請(qǐng)來(lái)。(客觀上需要做這件事)He said that they must work hard. 他說(shuō)他們必須努力工作。（主觀上要做這件事）2. have to有人稱、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)的變化，而m

7、ust只有一種形式。如：He had to look after his sister at home yesterday. 昨天他不得不在家照看妹妹。3. 在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中：dont have to表示“不必” mustnt表示“禁止”，如：You dont have to tell him about it.你不一定要把此事告訴他。You mustnt tell him about it.你一定不要把這件事告訴他。Must I finish the homework right now?我現(xiàn)在必須完成家庭作業(yè)嗎？Yes, you must. / Yes, you have to. 是的。(No

8、, you neednt. / No, you dont have to. 不，不必。)4. must be+表語(yǔ)，表示推測(cè)，它的否定和疑問(wèn)形式用can代替must。如：This must be your pen. 這個(gè)一定是你的鋼筆。Your sister must be a doctor in this hospital.你姐姐一定是這家醫(yī)院的醫(yī)生。Exercise 1.Come on! We _ hurry because there isnt much time left.A. mayB. mustC. canD. need2.Amy did best in the English t

9、est. She _ hard last week.A. must have been workingB. should have workedC. should workD. must work.四、should的用法（1）用來(lái)提供幫助、提出建議，要求對(duì)方給出意見(jiàn)。如：Should I help you with the community affairs? 我可以幫你做一些社區(qū)事務(wù)嗎？Should we clean the classroom now? 現(xiàn)在我們可以打掃教室嗎？（2）表達(dá)義務(wù)、職責(zé)等。如：I think todays children should really learn

10、 to respect their elders. 我認(rèn)為今天的孩子應(yīng)該好好學(xué)習(xí)尊敬長(zhǎng)輩。You should （= ought to ） tell your mother about it at once. 你應(yīng)該立即把此事告訴你媽媽。He should work harder. 他應(yīng)該更加努力。You should help your mother with the housework. 你應(yīng)該幫你母親做家務(wù)。例.Look out! The knife is very sharp. You _ cut your finger.A. needB. mustC. shouldD. may五、w

11、ill, would的用法1. 表示“將、將要、自愿做”等。如：People will die without air or water. 人離開(kāi)水和空氣將會(huì)死的。I will do my best. 我將會(huì)盡力而為。2. would like； Would like to do = want to 想要，為固定搭配。如：Would you like to go with me?你想和我一起走嗎？3. Will you?Would you like? 表示肯定含義的請(qǐng)求勸說(shuō)時(shí)，疑問(wèn)句中一般用some, 而不是any。如：Would you like some cake? 你想要一些蛋糕嗎？Ex

12、ercise 51._ I know your name?A. MayB. WillC. ShallD. Must2.What kinds of homes will we live in the future? Nobody _ be sure, but scientists are working out new ideas now.A. willB. mayC. canD. must六、had better的用法表示“最好”，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞，只有一種形式，后面要跟動(dòng)詞原形，否定詞形式為had better not。如：It is pretty cold. Youd better put on my coat. 天很冷，你最好把我的大衣穿上。You had better go now你最好現(xiàn)在就走He