《定語從句講解》PPT課件

1、The Attributive Clause,(定語從句),1.定語：定語用來限定、修飾名詞或代詞的，是對名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用的詞、短語或句子，漢語中常用的表示。,a clever boy The boiling water Fallen leaves The man who you are looking for,2.定語從句：修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句。,.Do you know the man who came to see Xiao Yang this morning?,3.先行詞：,4.關(guān)系詞：,關(guān)系代詞that, which, who, whom, whose, as 關(guān)系副詞

2、where, when, why等。,關(guān)系詞常有3個(gè)作用：,1，引導(dǎo)定語從句。 2，代替先行詞。 3，在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分。,被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞；,引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞稱為關(guān)系詞，關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。,找出定語從句，先行詞，關(guān)系詞及其在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?1.She is the old woman whom I saw this morning.,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,5.限定性定語從句：對先行詞起到修飾限制的作用，使該詞的含義更具體，更明確。這類從句不能省掉，否則句子的意義就不完整。,6.非限定性定語從句：同主句的關(guān)系不十分密切，只是對先行詞作附

3、加或補(bǔ)充的說明，不起限制的作用，如果省去，主句的意思仍然清楚完整。這類定語從句在書寫時(shí)大多用逗號與主句分開。,Last week I met John, who seemed to be very excited.,I was the only person in my office who was invited.,A. that 指人/物，作主語或賓語,1. A plane is a machine . It can fly .,A plane is a machine that can fly.,2. He is the man . I told you about him .,He i

4、s the man that I told you about.,關(guān)系代詞:,B. which 指物，作主語或賓語,These are the trees which were planted last year.,This recorder which he is using is made in Japan.,These are some trees. They were planted last year.,關(guān)系代詞:,This recorder is made in Japan. He is using it.,關(guān)系代詞:,C. who指人,作主語或賓語。,The man is our

5、 teacher.I talked with him.,Wang Lin is our monitor. She is 16 years old.,D. whom指人,作賓語。,The man whom / who I nodded to is Mr. Li.,The man to whom /who I nodded is Mr. Li.,The man who I talked with him is our teacher.,Wang Lin who is 16 years old is our monitor.,The man is Mr. Li. I nodded to him.,w

6、hose 在定語從句中作定語，表示引導(dǎo)詞 與 whose 后的名詞為所屬關(guān)系。 whose多指人，也可指物，指物時(shí)可與 of which互換使用。,This is the book .Its cover is blue.,This is the girl. Her parents are doctors.,This is the girl whose parents are doctors.,This is the book whose/of which the cover is blue.,三、關(guān)系代詞（who, whom, which, that, whose）的指代關(guān)系,Eg:1.He

7、is such a man _ never tells a lie. 2. He is the model worker _we should learn from. 3. A dictionary is a book_ often helps us to know the meanings of the words. 4. This is the film _I like best. 5. The boy _father is a professor is one of my best friends. 6. The house _roof was blown away by the sto

8、rm will be rebuilt soon.,who,(whom/who),which/that,(that/which),whose,whose,(which/ that),who/ that,whose,which/ that,7.I have a friend _ likes listening to the classical music. 8.Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _ I gave her. 9.The man _ leg broke in a match used to be a good football play

9、er. 10.Kate is reading a book _ is too difficult for her.,只用that，不用which,先行詞被all, very, any, much, little, few, no等修飾時(shí) 序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾先行詞時(shí)； 先行詞前有the only, the very, the same, the right等修飾時(shí)； 4.all, little, much, few, none, everything, nothing, something, anything 等不定代詞作先行詞； 5.先行詞既有人也有物 6.主句以which, who,

10、what開頭的疑問句,只用which，不用that,有機(jī)器的房間是車間。,The room _ there is a machine is a workshop. The room _ there is a machine in is a workshop.,in which,(which/ that),一、非限制性定語從句,二、用在介詞后,I have lost the pen, _ I like very much.,which,關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句,1.When 表示時(shí)間，其先行詞往往是表示時(shí)間的名詞（如time, day,hour,year等）,From the time when

11、he was little, he had known what he wanted to be when he grew up.,2.Where 表示地點(diǎn)，其先行詞往往是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞（如place, room, house,street, area等）,This is the place where my mother was born.,3.Why 表示原因，常用在先行詞reason的后面。,I dont know the reason why she looks unhappy today.,比較： I still remember the day _ I first came to

12、Beijing. 先行詞 “the day” 在從句中做狀語, 表示時(shí)間: I first came to Beijing on the day. (所以用關(guān)系副詞when。) I still remember the day ( _ ) we spend together. 先行詞 “ the day” 在從句中做spend賓語： We spend the day together. （所以在該句中用關(guān)系代詞which/that，并且可省略。）,which/that,when,2. This is the place _ we worked last year. 先行詞 “the place

13、”在從句中做狀語，表示地點(diǎn)： We worked in the place last year. ( 所以用關(guān)系副詞where。) 比較：This is the place (_) we visited last year. 先行詞 “the place”在從句中做visited的賓語： We visited the place last year.( 所以用關(guān)系代詞which/that,并且可省略。),where,which/that,注意,先行詞在從句中做狀語，用 先行詞在從句中做賓語或主語，用,關(guān)系副詞；,關(guān)系代詞；,選擇適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞完成句子,1.October 1,1949 was t

14、he day _the Peoples Republic of China was founded.,2.October 1, 1949 was the day_ he will never forget.,(that/which),when,3.This is the house _I was born.,where,4.This is the house_ windows are very clean.,5.This is the house _I love very much.,6.This is the house _is very beautiful.,whose,(that/whi

15、ch),that/which,7.This is the reason _he was late.,why,8.This is the reason _ he gave us.,(that/which),關(guān)系副詞都等于一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)?介詞which， 在從句中作狀語 When=in/at/on/+which; Where=in/at/on/+which; Why=for /+which,1.Do you still remember the day when(_ which) we went to visit the museum together? 2.This is the factory w

16、here(_ which)my father once worked. 3.This is the reason why(_ which) he was late.,on,in,for,1. I still remember the days _ I worked with the farmers. I still remember the days _ I spent with the farmers. A. which B. on which C. when D. what 2. We were on the way _ it began to rain. I dont like the

17、way _ you speak to your parents. A. when B. that C. how D. which,C,A,A,B,in which/ ,Ill never forget the days _ we worked together. Ill never forget the days _ we spent together. I went to the place _ I worked ten years ago. I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago. This is the reason _ he was

18、late. This is the reason _ he gave.,when/ in which,(that/which),where /in which,(which/ that),why /for which,that/ which,及物動(dòng)詞,及物動(dòng)詞,及物動(dòng)詞,1. This is the town _ I was born. This is the town _ _I visited last week. 2. I will never forget the day _ I came to school. I will never forget the day _ I spent

19、with you. 3. This is the reason _ he was late. This is the reason _ he told me.,where,(Whic/that),when,(Which/that),Why/for which,(That/which),二.非限制性定語從句應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：,1、 非限制性定語從句通常不能用that引導(dǎo)。,如： 1). I like the book, which was bought yesterday. 我喜歡這本書，這是昨天買的。 2.) I like the book which / that was bought yes

20、terday. 我喜歡昨天買的那本書。,2.在非限制性定語從句中，指人的關(guān)系代詞作賓語時(shí)，只能用賓格whom; 不能用who替換，也不能省,Do you know Tom, whom we talked about? Do you know Tom (who/ whom) we talked about?,4.Which可指前面整個(gè)句子。,The sun sends out light and heat, which makes it possible for living things to exist on the earth.,His father is an engineer, _ m

21、akes him very proud. for what . which . that . what,B,“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”型定語從句考點(diǎn),關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作介詞賓語時(shí)，從句常常由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引出。,注意：,1若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前，關(guān)系代詞指人時(shí)只可用whom，不可用who, that；關(guān)系代詞指物時(shí)只可用which，不可用that。關(guān)系代詞是所有格時(shí)用whose。,2“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”前還可有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few等代詞或者數(shù)詞,Fill in the blanks with prope

22、r preps. This is the book _ which I spent 5 yuan. This is the book _ which I paid 5 yuan. This is the book _ which we can learn a lot. This is the book _ which we often talk. This is the book _ which I wrote down many notes.,on,for,from,about,in,1.In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _ sh

23、e could turn for help.(NMET92) A. to whom B.who C.from whom D. that,A,2.His glasses, _ he was like a blind man , fell to the ground and broke. A with which B. which C through which D. without which,D,3.The plane _ I came to London has flown 10,000 miles . A. in it B. in which C. by which D. where,B,

24、AS引導(dǎo)的 定語從句,as引導(dǎo)限定性定語從句， 習(xí)慣上用于下列詞組： the same.as such .as as . as， soas，在從句中作主語或賓語。,1.Such people as you describe are rare nowadays. 2.Lets discuss only such questions as concern every one of us. 3.Would you please buy me the same novel as you bought for brother yesterday, Mum?,as we have seen, as is

25、known to all, as anybody can see, as was expected, as you know, as we can imagine, as has been pointed out,As 用于非限制性定語從句，常見以下句型,選擇最佳答案。 1. Can you think of anyone _ could look after him a bit for the next few days? A. that B. which C. whom D. / 2. In Britain he had come across a painter _ nobody else had heard of. A. which B. where C. with whom D. / 3. S