主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的幾種類型(最新整理)

1、主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的幾種類型一、含雙賓語的主動結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)有些動詞，如 give，tell，buy 等，在句中作謂語時可有兩個賓語，又稱雙賓語，即“間接賓語+直接賓語”結(jié)構(gòu)形式。含雙賓語的主動結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)時，可以將其中一個賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，另一個保留不動。一般是主動結(jié)構(gòu)的間接賓語變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)的主語。如果直接賓語變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)的主語，間接賓語之前應(yīng)加介詞 to（可省去）或 for（一般不可?。?。如：1 . my mother gave me a pen.i was given a pen by my mother.或：a pen was given (to) me by my mother.（

2、介詞to 可省略）2 .he told her a long story.she was told a long story.或：a long story was told (to) her.（介詞 to 可省略）3.father bought me a new coat.i was bought a new coat.或：a new coat was bought for me.（介詞 for 不可省略）注意：被動句中強調(diào)間接賓語時，其前的介詞 to 不可省去。如：this apple is given to me, not to you.這個蘋果是給我的，而不是給你的。二、含復(fù)合賓語的主動

3、結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)合賓語指的是“賓語+賓語補足語（簡稱賓補）”這一結(jié)構(gòu)形式。含復(fù)合賓語的主動結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)時，只將主動結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)的主語，賓語補足語保留不動?？沙洚?dāng)賓語補足語的有名詞、動詞不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、形容詞、介詞短語等等。如：1. they call her xiao li.(主動結(jié)構(gòu)，賓補為名詞 xiao li )she is called xiao li.(被動結(jié)構(gòu))2. they chose tom monitor.（主動結(jié)構(gòu)，賓補為名詞monitor）tom was chosen monitor.（被動結(jié)構(gòu)）3. he told me to wait fo

4、r you.（主動結(jié)構(gòu)，賓補為不定式短語 to wait for you）i was told to wait for you.（被動語態(tài)）4.i found him lying on the floor.（主動結(jié)構(gòu)，賓補為現(xiàn)在分詞短語 lying on the floor)he was found lying on the floor.（被動結(jié)構(gòu)）注意：在主動語態(tài)的句子中，謂語動詞 make 的賓語補足語如果由動詞不定式充當(dāng)，則該動詞不定式不帶 to。感官動詞see，hear，watch 等，也有這種用法。但當(dāng)謂語動詞是 let 時，其被動結(jié)構(gòu)后的不定式仍不帶 to。例如：they made

5、 him go.（主動結(jié)構(gòu)，賓補為不帶 to 的不定式go)he was made to go.（被動語態(tài)）they let john go.（主動結(jié)構(gòu)）john was let go.（被動結(jié)構(gòu)）三、含情態(tài)動詞的主動結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)含情態(tài)動詞的主動結(jié)構(gòu)形式是：情態(tài)動詞（如can,may,must,could 等）+原形動詞。變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)時，其謂語形式是：情態(tài)動詞+助動詞 be+及物動詞的過去分詞。例如：1. you must not put the bike here.（主動結(jié)構(gòu)）the bike must not be put here.（被動結(jié)構(gòu)）2. you may do that a

6、 little later.（主動結(jié)構(gòu)）that may be done a little later.（被動結(jié)構(gòu)）3. can you finish it in two hours?（主動結(jié)構(gòu)）can it be finished in two hours?（被動結(jié)構(gòu)）四、含短語動詞的主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)有些短語動詞，如 take good care of （愛護，照料）， listento（聽）,lookat（看）,lookfor（尋找）,look after（照看）,laugh at（嘲笑）,put up（搭起，建造，舉起，張貼）等，相當(dāng)于及物動詞，可以有被動語態(tài)。但應(yīng)注意，短語動詞是一

7、個不可分割的詞組，在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，不可去掉末尾的介詞或副詞。例如：1.they took good care of the children.（主動語態(tài)）the children were taken good care of.（ 被 動 語 態(tài) ） 2.someonelaughedathim.（主動語態(tài)）hewaslaughed at.（被動語態(tài)）3. they are looking after the children.（主動語態(tài)）the children are being looked after.（被動語態(tài)）4. they have put up a lot of tall bu

8、ildings in the city in the last few years.（ 主 動 語 態(tài) ）a lot of tallbuildings have been put up in the city in the last few years.（被動語態(tài)）“”“”at the end, xiao bian gives you a passage. minand once said, people who learn to learn are very happy people. in every wonderful life, learning is an eternal theme

9、. as a professional clerical and teaching position, i understand the importance of continuous learning, life is diligent, nothing can be gained, only continuous learning can achieve better self. only by constantly learning and mastering the latest relevant knowledge, can employees from all walks of life keep up with the pace of enterprise development and innovate to meet the needs of the ma