主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的幾種類型(最新整理)

1、主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的幾種類型一、含雙賓語的主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)有些動(dòng)詞，如 give，tell，buy 等，在句中作謂語時(shí)可有兩個(gè)賓語，又稱雙賓語，即“間接賓語+直接賓語”結(jié)構(gòu)形式。含雙賓語的主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，可以將其中一個(gè)賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，另一個(gè)保留不動(dòng)。一般是主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的間接賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的主語。如果直接賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的主語，間接賓語之前應(yīng)加介詞 to（可省去）或 for（一般不可省）。如：1 . my mother gave me a pen.i was given a pen by my mother.或：a pen was given (to) me by my mother.（

2、介詞to 可省略）2 .he told her a long story.she was told a long story.或：a long story was told (to) her.（介詞 to 可省略）3.father bought me a new coat.i was bought a new coat.或：a new coat was bought for me.（介詞 for 不可省略）注意：被動(dòng)句中強(qiáng)調(diào)間接賓語時(shí)，其前的介詞 to 不可省去。如：this apple is given to me, not to you.這個(gè)蘋果是給我的，而不是給你的。二、含復(fù)合賓語的主動(dòng)

3、結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)合賓語指的是“賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語（簡稱賓補(bǔ)）”這一結(jié)構(gòu)形式。含復(fù)合賓語的主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，只將主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的主語，賓語補(bǔ)足語保留不動(dòng)。可充當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)足語的有名詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、形容詞、介詞短語等等。如：1. they call her xiao li.(主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，賓補(bǔ)為名詞 xiao li )she is called xiao li.(被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu))2. they chose tom monitor.（主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，賓補(bǔ)為名詞monitor）tom was chosen monitor.（被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)）3. he told me to wait fo

4、r you.（主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，賓補(bǔ)為不定式短語 to wait for you）i was told to wait for you.（被動(dòng)語態(tài)）4.i found him lying on the floor.（主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，賓補(bǔ)為現(xiàn)在分詞短語 lying on the floor)he was found lying on the floor.（被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)）注意：在主動(dòng)語態(tài)的句子中，謂語動(dòng)詞 make 的賓語補(bǔ)足語如果由動(dòng)詞不定式充當(dāng)，則該動(dòng)詞不定式不帶 to。感官動(dòng)詞see，hear，watch 等，也有這種用法。但當(dāng)謂語動(dòng)詞是 let 時(shí)，其被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)后的不定式仍不帶 to。例如：they made

5、 him go.（主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，賓補(bǔ)為不帶 to 的不定式go)he was made to go.（被動(dòng)語態(tài)）they let john go.（主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)）john was let go.（被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)）三、含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)形式是：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（如can,may,must,could 等）+原形動(dòng)詞。變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，其謂語形式是：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+助動(dòng)詞 be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞。例如：1. you must not put the bike here.（主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)）the bike must not be put here.（被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)）2. you may do that a

6、 little later.（主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)）that may be done a little later.（被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)）3. can you finish it in two hours?（主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)）can it be finished in two hours?（被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)）四、含短語動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)有些短語動(dòng)詞，如 take good care of （愛護(hù)，照料）， listento（聽）,lookat（看）,lookfor（尋找）,look after（照看）,laugh at（嘲笑）,put up（搭起，建造，舉起，張貼）等，相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，可以有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。但應(yīng)注意，短語動(dòng)詞是一

7、個(gè)不可分割的詞組，在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，不可去掉末尾的介詞或副詞。例如：1.they took good care of the children.（主動(dòng)語態(tài)）the children were taken good care of.（ 被 動(dòng) 語 態(tài) ） 2.someonelaughedathim.（主動(dòng)語態(tài)）hewaslaughed at.（被動(dòng)語態(tài)）3. they are looking after the children.（主動(dòng)語態(tài)）the children are being looked after.（被動(dòng)語態(tài)）4. they have put up a lot of tall bu

8、ildings in the city in the last few years.（ 主 動(dòng) 語 態(tài) ）a lot of tallbuildings have been put up in the city in the last few years.（被動(dòng)語態(tài)）“”“”at the end, xiao bian gives you a passage. minand once said, people who learn to learn are very happy people. in every wonderful life, learning is an eternal theme

9、. as a professional clerical and teaching position, i understand the importance of continuous learning, life is diligent, nothing can be gained, only continuous learning can achieve better self. only by constantly learning and mastering the latest relevant knowledge, can employees from all walks of life keep up with the pace of enterprise development and innovate to meet the needs of the ma