什么是元音字母和輔音字母及其發(fā)音規(guī)則詳解.doc

1、我們常將字母分類 英語的26個字母分兩種類型：一種叫元音字母，另一種叫輔音字母。元音字母 有：a，e，i，o，u五個，其余為輔音字母。即：元音字母 A a ei、 E e i： 、 I i ai、O o au、U u (j)u：輔音字母Hh、 Jj 、Kk 、Bb、 Cc 、Dd、 Gg 、Pp 、Tt 、Vv 、Yy、 Qq 、Ww、 e Ff 、Ll Mm 、Nn 、Ss 、Xx 、Zz 、a： Rr詳細(xì)發(fā)音表：元音字母的發(fā)音規(guī)則元音字母位置讀音例詞例外a重讀開音節(jié)eicake base escape plane have vase a:water:重讀閉音節(jié)fat trap flat e

2、xactly rapid dam 非重讀音節(jié)again camera vacation vegetable i:comrade village courage在w之后want wash what wandersk,ss,st,th,ch,f,nc之前a:master ask task class glass father path after branch advance特殊情況eany many anything anybodye重讀開音節(jié)i:be these she evil重讀閉音節(jié)enet press gently accept level 非重讀音節(jié)silence problem o

3、pen children ieffect select develop before I(y)重讀開音節(jié)airipe alive wine arrive beside polite life smile surprise giveiliveipyramidi重讀閉音節(jié)iquiz sick dish sing dig film miss winter picture difficlt y在重讀音節(jié)中aicycle sky shy why y在非重讀音節(jié)中icity copy empty every healthynb,ld,mb前aimind kind blind find child clim

4、b 非重讀音節(jié)中terrible horrible possible在下列單詞中讀作i:police magazine machine technique o重讀開音節(jié)ustone note programmed progress motor lonely smoke no jokewomanuwomen i重讀閉音節(jié)copy boss cloth fond long knock across common bomb n,m,v,th前ton done come some love cover mother another other 在以ld,st,th結(jié)尾的一些詞中uhold fold t

5、old most almost both非重讀音節(jié)official position society freedom 在下列單詞中讀u:move prove lose whose tomb shoe do remove u重讀開音節(jié)ju:use duty computer reduce rescue tube Tuesday trueu:busy iburyeminutei重讀閉音節(jié)cup lunch bus hub uput pull push full bullet非重讀音節(jié)until supply unless industry在開音節(jié)中，在輔音字母l,r,j后u:blue rule r

6、uler June July rude 元音字母組合位置讀音例詞例外ar重讀a:mark carve article party market March farm hard在W后:warm warn reward war非重讀 grammarer重讀:service certain serve非重讀worker farmer teacher or重讀:form important corner horse在W后:work word world worth非重讀 mirror doctor forbid forgetur重讀:church Thursday nurse turn return

7、非重讀surprise surround murmur ir重讀:thirsty dirty first girliiei:piece thief field chief dietaiquietaiailie tie dieireaiwire inspire hire tire ighairight fight night high bright light ai重讀音節(jié)eitailor remain grain sail praise raise brain said e非重讀音節(jié)icaptain certainau:causeaunt a:al:walk ball all talk hal

8、f a:alms a:lalways almost already although aw:draw dawn saw airefair affair hair upstairsareedare glare share compare careful area:augh:taught caught daughter naughtylaugha:fay重讀音節(jié)eidelay play say way todaysays e非重讀音節(jié)iSunday Monday uure重讀音節(jié)usure surely 非重讀音節(jié):pleasure eeai: repeat leaf lead peace dis

9、ease cream esweater thread headache heavy breakfast 特殊eigreat greatly break ireal idea theatreeei:sleep freely weed steel degree eariappear clear near hear dear ear heart a:heard learn earn early searchewear bear swear pear eiireceive seize ceiling ewju:few new newssewu在l，r后u:blew flew threw drew er

10、eethere wherehere iey重讀音節(jié)eigrey hey obey key i:非重讀音節(jié)imonkey donkey eigheiweight eight eightyooauloaf road soap coat boat broad: abroad:oiivoice noise point choice oyitoy boy joy joyfuloo在其他字母前u:roof choose school shoot woolufootu在k，d 前utook look cook stood wood good foodu:flood blood oor:floor door

11、pooruouaupound rouse mountain trousers ground thousand shoulderusoulucouple cousin double country touch trouble u:route group routine soupucould should would ough:fought bought brought thought thoughuplough aucough fthroughu:thoroughenough fowaudown brown flower knowledgeubowl sow window row owner l

12、ow show throw grow輔音字母發(fā)音規(guī)則輔音字母位置讀音例詞例外b在m后或在t之前不發(fā)音tomb climb doubt其他情況bbed bob big c在 e, i, y前scentre city decide bicycle concert rice percent 在ia,ie,io 前social especial ancient 在a,o,u,l 前在音節(jié)末kcave comfort color class cause capital castg在其他字母前ggift girl goal glad glassgarage get g在e,i,y 前dlarge gene

13、ral orange page 在以n結(jié)尾的詞中不發(fā)音sign foreignh一般情況hhold heat hide hate huge 在個別詞中不發(fā)音honest hour honor foreheadk一般情況kwalk key kite在n前不發(fā)音knows詞首ssend save 在元音字母和元音字母之間zvisit desire music base s在詞中清輔音前spast在詞中濁輔音前zhusband salesgirl在元音字母u,i前sure sugar Russia Asia 在u,ion前pleasure usually occasion television n在

14、其他字母前ncorner nine nice line 在字母k,x,g前anxious think thank finger bank strange nx在其他字母前ksexcept exhibition extract text 在元音字母前gzexam example exist exactly 輔音字母組合發(fā)音規(guī)則輔音字母組合位置讀音例詞例外chtchannel choose check chalk changesandwich dkchemistry Christmas headache school machine moustachetchtmatch patch snatch

15、ththink thank thing worth with although those this qukwquiz question quick quite phftelephone physics phrase ckkpackage pick quick back knnknife know knowledge knock ngsomething sing thingwr在其他字母前rwrong wretch wrapwhwwheel wheat whisper whistle white why 在字母o前hwhole whose who whom tion在詞尾neducation

16、station direction situation 在字母s后tnsuggestion question sionndecision conclusion單詞附加詞尾的讀音規(guī)則詞尾位置讀音例詞(e)s清輔音后sdesks makes lamps looks 濁輔音或元音后zpigs radios plays t后tsstudents parentsd后dzreads beds esszdt后izwashes boxes buses guesses taxes pages teaches housesed清輔音后twashed walked asked missed jumped濁輔音或元音

17、后drecognized called answered played copied td后idwanted trusted landed needed 一、元音字母在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音a在開音節(jié)中ei name plane Jane baby cake在閉音節(jié)中 ae bag dad hat map black backe在開音節(jié)中 i: he these me Chinese在閉音節(jié)中 e bed let pen desk yes eggi在開音節(jié)中 ai bike fly drive time nice kite在閉音節(jié)中 i fish big drink sit milk swimo在開

18、音節(jié)中 eu those close go hoe home no在閉音節(jié)中 clock not box shop socku在開音節(jié)中 ju: student excuse duty Tuesday在閉音節(jié)中 bus cup jump much lunch在開音節(jié)中,元音字母u在輔音字母j l r s后面時讀u:音,例如:June blue ruler super二、元音字母在非重讀音節(jié)中的讀音ae China another woman breakfasti orange courage village cabbageee hundred student open weekend chil

19、dreni chicken pocket beginIe/i holiday beautiful family animalai exercise satelliteoe second tonight somebody welcomeeu also zero photoue autumn difficultju: popular congratulation January動詞中的a如果處在開音節(jié)位置,a讀ei音,例如:operateu處在開音節(jié)位置,又在輔音字母j l r s后面時,讀u(:)音,例如:July influence February issue三、元音字母在重讀音節(jié)中的特殊讀

20、音a在w音后面 want what watch wash qualitya在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 a: after plant graph ask grasp glass fast fatheri在-nd -ld和gh前 ai find child light higho在-st -ld前 eu most postcard old coldo在m n v th前 come monkey love mother四、-r音節(jié)元音字組在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音ar a: car farm dark sharpener在w音后面 : warm quarter towardsor : f

21、orty morning short在w音后面 : word worker worseer ir ur :certainly bird Thursday開音節(jié)和閉音節(jié)的區(qū)別1）音節(jié)按讀音可以分為開音節(jié)和閉音節(jié) 開音節(jié)又可以分為絕對開音節(jié)和相對開音節(jié) (1) 絕對開音節(jié)：是指一個元音音素后面沒有輔音音素而構(gòu)成的音節(jié)，例如：we, hi, yo-yo (2) 相對開音節(jié)：是指一個元音音素后面有一個輔音音素(除r)之外，最后是一個不發(fā)音的e字母構(gòu)成的音節(jié)，如:take, make 在開音節(jié)中，這個元音字母發(fā)“字母”本身音，例如hi|hai|, use|ju:z| 閉音節(jié)：指元音字母后面有輔音字母(輔

22、音字母r除外)構(gòu)成的音節(jié)，如：leg, cross 2）音節(jié)按重讀可以分為重讀音節(jié)和非重讀音節(jié) 重讀音節(jié)： 指在雙音節(jié)或多音節(jié)詞中有一個發(fā)音特別響亮的音節(jié)，叫重讀音節(jié)，用重音符號“”標(biāo)于相應(yīng)位置，其他音節(jié)為非重讀音節(jié)，如begin |begin|，單音節(jié)詞作重讀處理，但不標(biāo)重音符號.“開音節(jié)”“閉音節(jié)”的定義是根據(jù)單詞的拼寫形式來定義的，不一定科學(xué)準(zhǔn)確，確非常實(shí)用。 以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的單詞是開音節(jié)；以元音結(jié)尾的單詞是絕對開音節(jié)。反之以輔音結(jié)尾的單詞是閉音節(jié)。 給一個單詞注音標(biāo)的時候，首先判斷是開音節(jié)還是閉音節(jié)。然后在單詞里找元音。是開音節(jié)的，元音發(fā)它字母本身的音。是閉音節(jié)的，發(fā)它規(guī)定的音。（詞尾是e的，e一般不發(fā)音。兩個e除外。如：see）。反之由音標(biāo)寫單詞也是一樣，根據(jù)它的讀音規(guī)則寫出相應(yīng)的單詞。不規(guī)則單詞除外 英語單詞是由字母組成的，而字母又構(gòu)成音節(jié)，音節(jié)的核心是元音，由一個或幾個元音字母代表。根據(jù)單詞所含的音節(jié)，把單詞分為單音節(jié)詞、雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞。怎樣區(qū)分多音節(jié)單詞的音節(jié)辦法只有一個：那就是