牛津深圳版八下動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)用法和練習(xí)

1、動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)的用法及練習(xí)動(dòng)名詞（動(dòng)名詞具有動(dòng)詞和名詞的特征，在句中作主 語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)）動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的關(guān)系一般式Doi ngBeing done與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生完成式Having doneHaving bee n done動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作、八 之刖作主語(yǔ)1謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。Climbing mountains is really fun.Swimmi ng is my favorite sport.Read ing is an art.Gett ing up early is a good habit.例：1.-What do you think made Mar

2、y so upset ？-her new bicycle.A. As she lostB . Lost C. LosingD. Because of losing2.使用形式主 語(yǔ)it，而將動(dòng)名詞放在句尾。It no use doing It no good doing It a waste of time doing 例: It no good(wait) here.It no use(argue) with her.It no good(smoke), you better give it up.It a waste of time(wait) here.No smok ing ( =No

3、 smok ing is allowed (here).作賓語(yǔ)習(xí)慣上接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞【附記憶口訣】其后習(xí)慣上要跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞有以下詞匯：，admit, appreciate, avoid, burst out, consider, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, feel like, finish, forgive, give up, (can help, imagine, keep (on), mind, miss, practise, prevent, put off, resist, risk, (ca

4、n sttand, stop, suggest, un dersta nd 等。如：用法舉例：He admitted having taken the money.他承認(rèn)拿了那 筆錢(qián)。It was impossible to avoid being affected. 要想不受影 響是不可能的。She burst out crying (laughing, singing). 她突然哭(笑，唱)起來(lái)。I ve often considered studying abroad我經(jīng)常在想出 國(guó) 留學(xué)。They have put off leavi ng.他們已推遲動(dòng)身。She enjoys hel

5、ping her parents with the housework. 她喜歡幫她 母親做家 務(wù)。There is no way to escape doing the work. 沒(méi)有辦法逃脫做這項(xiàng) 工作。Please excuse my opening your letter by mistake. 請(qǐng)?jiān)徫艺`拆了 你 的信。There was a deadly silenee after she finished speaking. 她說(shuō) 完 話后是一片沉默。Please forgive my interrupting. 請(qǐng)?jiān)徫掖?擾了。The doctor told me to g

6、ive up smok ing. 醫(yī)生叫我戒煙。Can you imagine living without electricity? 你能想象 沒(méi)有電的生活 嗎？My shoe laces keep coming undone. 我的鞋帶老是松 開(kāi)。Nobody mentioned going there helping her. 沒(méi)有人提到要去那 兒幫助她。We don t minwaiting.我們不介意等候。He just missed being struck.他險(xiǎn)些兒被打著。They are practising singing the new song. 他們正在 練習(xí) 唱新歌。

7、We decided to put off leaving.我們決定推遲動(dòng) 身。we re willing to risk losing our jobs.我們?cè)该笆I(yè)的危險(xiǎn)。He suggested going together in one car.他建 議大家一起坐一 輛汽車去。I just can t understand his him stealing the mon我.簡(jiǎn)直無(wú)法理解他 為什么要偷錢(qián)。后面只能用 動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞記憶口訣考慮建議盼原諒承認(rèn)推遲沒(méi)得想避免錯(cuò)過(guò)繼續(xù)練否認(rèn)完成就欣賞禁止想象才冒險(xiǎn)不禁介意準(zhǔn)逃亡難以忍受始反對(duì)想要成功堅(jiān)持忙習(xí)慣放棄有困難導(dǎo)致專心防道歉解析：

8、 第一句包含的 動(dòng)詞有：consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon, 第二節(jié)包含的 動(dòng)詞 有：admit, delay/put off, fancy,第三句包含的 動(dòng)詞 有: avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice,第四句句包含的 動(dòng)詞有：deny, finish, enjoy/appreciate,第五句包含的 動(dòng)詞有:forbid, imagi ne, risk第六句包含的動(dòng)詞有:cant help, mind, allow/permit, escape.第七句包含的動(dòng)詞有:cant st

9、and（難以忍受）,set about 開(kāi)始，著手，object to,第八句包含動(dòng)詞有：feel like （想要），succeed in （成功），stick to（堅(jiān)持），insist on （堅(jiān)持,強(qiáng)調(diào)，堅(jiān)決要求），be busy （in）（忙于做某事）第九句包含的動(dòng)詞 有：be used/accustomed to（習(xí)慣于）, give up （放棄），havedifficulty/trouble （in）,（做某事有困難）第十句包含的 動(dòng)詞有：lead to （導(dǎo)致），devote to （將奉獻(xiàn)給；把專用于），preventfrom （預(yù)防，防止），apologize for （

10、為道歉）,此外，have a good/wonderful/hard time （in）, spend time （in）,thank you for, pay attention to, aim at 目的在于，旨在； 瞄準(zhǔn)；企圖,accuse。彳控告；譴責(zé)，get down to, etc.例如： I really appreciate having time to relax with you on this nice island .（上海高考） While shopp ing, people sometimes cant help being persuaded into buyin

11、g somethi ng they dont really n eed （上海） I cant stand working with Jane in the same office, she just refuses to stop talking while she works.（北京）接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞速記口訣Mrs.PBIackmissedabeefbag. （P布萊克夫人丟了一個(gè)牛肉袋。）妙語(yǔ)詮釋該句話中每個(gè)字母代表了一個(gè)動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)，這些動(dòng)詞要求后面跟 動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。 這些動(dòng)詞分別是：M=mind 尸risk , s=succeed in, P=practice, B=be busy

12、, l=look forward to , a=admit, c=can thejp k=keep on, m=miss, i=insist on , s=suggest, s=stop, e=enjoy, d=delay, a=avoid, b=be worth , a=advise, g=give up.例：Our mon itor suggesteda discussi on of this subject.A . to haveB. should have(2)只能接不定式作 賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞：happen 碰巧，offer 主動(dòng)提出，refuse 拒 絕,decide 決定，pretend

13、假裝， fail未能夠， hope，希望 expect,期待，期望C. haveD. havingpromise 答應(yīng),agree 同意,determine決定、決心，learn 學(xué)習(xí)， wish希望，afford負(fù)擔(dān)得起。接動(dòng)名詞、不定式均可，意義相同的 動(dòng)詞:like, love, dislike , hate, begin, star, continue, prefer, canbear/endure 無(wú)法忍受，cease停止。注1： v-ing形式表示 經(jīng)常性、概括性的動(dòng)作，不定式表示具體的、特定的某一次動(dòng)作。如：She likes singing, but she doesnlike

14、 to sing today .注2：在begin, start, continue后跟v-ing形式和不定式作 賓語(yǔ)沒(méi)有區(qū)別，但start, begin本身為進(jìn)行式或后接realize, wonder, understand等心理 活動(dòng)的詞時(shí)，常用不定式作 賓語(yǔ)。如：I began to realize that I was wrong .下列單詞接動(dòng)名詞和不定式均可，但意 義不同的動(dòng)詞：forget, go on, mean, regret,remember, stop, try 等Stop to do停下來(lái)去做stop doing停止做Forget to do忘記要做Remember t

15、o do記得要做Regret to do遺憾要做Try to do企圖做，盡力做Go on to do繼續(xù)做（另一件事）Mean to do打算做例：forget doing 忘記做過(guò)remember doing 記得做過(guò)regret doing后悔做過(guò)try doing 試著做go on doing繼續(xù)做（同一件事）mean doing意味做1. In some parts of London, miss ing a bus meansfor ano ther hour.A wait ingB to waiti ngC waitD to be waiti ng2. You were brav

16、e eno ugh to raise object ions at the meeti ng.-Well， now I regretthat.A. to doB . to be doing C. to have done D. having doneneed, require, want作需要講，其后用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)式表示被 動(dòng)意義，be worth也有類似 用法。如：The flowers n eed wateri ng/to be watered.The problem is worth discuss ing/to be discussed.（6）permit, allow, forbid

17、, require（要求）doing sth./ sb to do sth.跟人作 賓語(yǔ)后，必須用不定式作 補(bǔ) 語(yǔ)。例如：This room won allow smoking.在這間屋里不準(zhǔn)吸煙。We do not allow anybody to smoke here.這里不 許吸煙。例：一What do you think of the book ?-Oh , excellent. Its wortha second time .A . to read B . to be read C. readingD. being read動(dòng)名詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)動(dòng)名詞有一般式和完成式。它的一般式所表示的

18、 動(dòng)作或是與句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，或是在句中 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng) 作之 后發(fā)生；而它的完成式所表示的 動(dòng)作則一般發(fā)生在句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng) 作之前。例 1: While shopping , people sometimes cant helpinto buying something they dont reallyneed.A. to persuade B . persuadingC . being persuaded D . be persuaded例 2:Tony was very unhappy forto the party .A . hav ing not bee n in vitedC

19、 . havi ng notin vited動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)B . not havi ng in vitedD . not havi ng bee n in vited帶有邏輯主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)名詞稱為動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子的主 語(yǔ)不一致 時(shí)，要在動(dòng)名詞之前加上物主代 詞或名詞所有格，這便構(gòu)成了動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。其中物主 代詞(名詞所有格)是邏輯上的主語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞是邏輯上的謂語(yǔ)。動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中可作 主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等，分別相當(dāng)于一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句。如：Her coming to help encouraged all of us. 他來(lái)幫忙鼓舞了我 們所有人。(=T

20、hat she came to help en couraged all of us.)Jane being careless caused so much trouble.簡(jiǎn)的粗心惹 來(lái)了不少麻 煩。 (=That Jane was careless caused so much trouble.)What sroubling them is their not having enough food.煩擾他們的是食物不足。(=What stroubli ng them is that they have not eno ugh food.)在口語(yǔ)中，如果動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)，其中的物主代 詞

21、常用人稱代詞賓格，名詞所有格常 用名詞普通格來(lái)代替，但在句首作主 語(yǔ)時(shí)不能這樣來(lái)代替。如：Would you mind my/me using your computer? 用下 你的 電腦 介意 嗎？The father insisted on his son sghfe sohegosin 爸爸 堅(jiān)決要求 兒子上大 學(xué)。Mary s不可用 Mary) being ill made her mother upset. 瑪麗病了，使她媽媽很著急。His (不可用Him)smoking made his family angry. 他抽煙使他一家人非常生氣。例: I would apprecia

22、teback this afternoon.A . you to call B . you call C. you callingD . you re calling(Key : C;換成 your calling 也對(duì))例:What worried the child most wasto visit his mother in the hospital .A . his not allowingB. his not being allowedC. his being not allowedD. having not been allowed選擇最佳選項(xiàng)：1. is a good form

23、of exercise for young and old .A.Walk B.WalkedC.To walk D.Walki ng2. You were brave eno ugh to raise objecti ons at the meeti ng .Well, now I regret that.A . to do B . to be doing C . have done D . having done3 . I don tregret even if it might have upset her .A . to tell her what I thoughtB . to hav

24、e told her that I thoughtC . telli ng what I thoughtD . telli ng her what I thought4 . The library n eeds , but it will have to wait un til Sun day .A . cleaningB . to cleanC. cleanD . being cleaned5. I can hardly imagine Peter _across the Atlantic Ocean in five days .A . sailB. to sailC . sailingD

25、. to have sailed6. I must apologize for ahead of time .That all right .A . letting you not knowB .C . lett ing you know notD .7. What do you think of the novel ?Oh, it really .A . well worth readingB .C . worthy readi ngD .8 . What troubling them is A . that they having noC . their not havi ng9 . She likes but she does ntlikesome other day .not letting you know 匠lett ing not you knowvery good to readworth to be readeno ugh experie need workers .B . they not haveD . not their havi ngthis after noon . Sh