必修4--unit2-working-the-land詞匯講解及練習(xí)

1、精品好資料學(xué)習(xí)推薦必修4 Unit2 Working the land1 struggle strglvi.搏斗；奮斗；努力；爭(zhēng)取n.打斗；競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；奮斗【例句】They had to struggle against/with all kinds of difficulties.他們必須和各種各樣的困難作斗爭(zhēng)。 After 5 years of struggle,people in Wenchuan are living a normal life now.經(jīng)過(guò)五年的努力，現(xiàn)在汶川人民的生活步入了正軌?！敬钆洹縮truggle against/with與斗爭(zhēng) struggle for 為爭(zhēng)取而斗

2、爭(zhēng) struggle to do 努力去做 struggle to ones feet 掙扎著站起來(lái) a life-and-death struggle生死搏斗【辨析】battle, war, campaign, struggle, fight這些名詞均有“戰(zhàn)斗，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”之意。 battle：側(cè)重指戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的一次較全面、時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)的戰(zhàn)斗，也指陸軍或海軍在某一特定地區(qū)進(jìn)行的戰(zhàn)斗，或個(gè)人之間的爭(zhēng)斗。 war：是戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的總稱，一般指包括多個(gè)戰(zhàn)役的大規(guī)模戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。 campaign：通常指在一場(chǎng)大的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中在某一地區(qū)進(jìn)行的一連串有既定目的的軍事行動(dòng)。也可作引申用。 struggle：指激烈或時(shí)間持續(xù)長(zhǎng)的戰(zhàn)斗或奮力斗

3、爭(zhēng)。 fight：最普通用詞，含義廣，指戰(zhàn)斗、斗爭(zhēng)或打斗。2 hunger hg(r) n.餓，饑餓；欲望vt.& vi.（使）饑餓【例句】His hunger for knowledge drove him to the library.他對(duì)知識(shí)的強(qiáng)烈愿望驅(qū)使他上圖書館。These students hunger for new knowledge and ideas.這些學(xué)生渴望學(xué)到新知識(shí)，獲得新思想?！敬钆洹縣ave a hunger for 渴望 hunger for 渴望得到【拓展延伸】“渴望得到某物/渴望做某事”的多種表達(dá)法歸納如下：hunger for sth. long for

4、 sth. hope for sth. wish for sth. be eager for sth. desire sth. hunger to do sth long to do sth hope to do sth wish to do sth be eager to do sth. desire to do sth.3 expand kspnd vt.使變大；擴(kuò)張；詳述vi.擴(kuò)展；發(fā)展；張開；展開【例句】In ten years the citys population expanded by 12%. 十年之中,該市人口增加了百分之十二?！敬钆洹縪.將擴(kuò)展/發(fā)展成

5、expand on 闡述；詳談【辨析】expand/extend/spread/stretch expand 意為“展開，擴(kuò)大”，不僅指尺寸的增加，還可指范圍和體積的擴(kuò)大。extend 意為“伸出，延伸”，指空間范圍的擴(kuò)大，以及長(zhǎng)度，寬度的向外延伸，也可指時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng)。spread 意為“傳播；蔓延；鋪開”。一般指向四面八方擴(kuò)大傳播的范圍，如傳播（疾?。?，散布（信息）等。stretch 意為“伸展(身體等)，拉長(zhǎng)；連綿”，一般指由曲變直，由短變長(zhǎng)的伸展，不是加長(zhǎng)。【拓展延伸】expansion n.展開；膨脹；擴(kuò)展expansive adj.廣闊的；易膨脹的4rid rd vt.使擺脫，解除，免

6、除【例句】You are supposed to rid yourself of carelessness,for it often leads to trouble. 你應(yīng)該克服粗心，因?yàn)樗３Ｒ鹇闊?。Its easy to get into the habit of smoking but hard to get rid of it.染上吸煙的惡習(xí)很容易，但要戒掉很困難?！敬钆洹縭id sb of sth 使某人擺脫 get rid of 擺脫，除去5 equipkwp vt.裝備，配備【例句】Most parents want to equip their children with

7、a good education.大多數(shù)父母想讓他們的孩子接受良好的教育?！敬钆洹縠quip . for 給.配備，使有能力做 equip sb with 用.裝備be equipped for 準(zhǔn)備好 be equipped with 裝備，安裝 be fully/poorly/well equipped 裝備齊全/簡(jiǎn)陋/完好【辨析】 equip, furnish, supply, provide, afford這些動(dòng)詞都含有“提供，供給”之意。 equip：側(cè)重提供與技術(shù)有關(guān)的裝備或設(shè)備等。 furnish：多指添置家具等供給生活的必需品或?yàn)樯钍孢m提供所需的服務(wù)設(shè)施。 supply/pr

8、ovide：普通用詞，指提供任何所需求的東西。 afford：一般只用于對(duì)抽象事物提供，也可指經(jīng)濟(jì)能力上的供給或支付。【拓展延伸】equipment nu裝備 a piece of equipment 一件裝備【溫馨提示】equip的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞都是equipped；現(xiàn)在分詞是equipping。6confuseknfju:z vt.使困窘；使混亂；使困惑【例句】It is important to explain this again or we will confuse the students.把這個(gè)再解釋一遍很重要，否則我們就會(huì)使學(xué)生感到迷惑。They asked so many

9、questions that they confused me.他們問(wèn)了許多問(wèn)題，都把我弄糊涂了?！敬钆洹?confuse A with B 把A與B混淆 be confused about 對(duì).感到困惑【溫馨提示】confused指“困惑的；迷惑不解的；被弄糊涂的”，表示人的內(nèi)心感受；confusing“使人困惑的；令人迷惑的；使人混亂的”，表示事物的狀態(tài)。7 regret rgret vt.后悔，悔恨；遺憾 n.遺憾，惋惜；后悔【例句】If you dont study hard now,you will regret it in the future.如果你現(xiàn)在不好好學(xué)習(xí)，將來(lái)你會(huì)后悔的

10、。Much to our regret,we couldnt attend your wedding.讓我們深感遺憾的是，我們沒(méi)能參加你們的婚禮。【搭配】regret doing/having done sth后悔做了某事 regret to do 遺憾的做 to ones regret 令某人感到遺憾的是 with regret 遺憾地8 reducerdju:s vt.減少；縮小【例句】They have reduced the prices in the shop,so its good time to buy.商店已經(jīng)降低了價(jià)格，所以現(xiàn)在是買東西的好時(shí)候。It was foggy so

11、 the driver had to reduce speed to forty kilometers an hour.由于大霧，司機(jī)不得不把速度減到每小時(shí)40千米。【搭配】reduce to 減少到 reduce by 減少了【辨析】decrease, diminish, lessen, reduce, dwindle這些詞的共同含義是“減少，變少”。 decrease：指逐漸地、不斷地減少。 lessen：普通用詞，與decrease近義。指數(shù)目、程度、價(jià)值、實(shí)力等的減少。 reduce：普通用詞，含義廣。指數(shù)量、程度的降低或減少。9 comment kment n.評(píng)論；注釋vt.& v

12、i.評(píng)論，談?wù)摗纠洹緿o you have any comment to make about the cause of the accident?你對(duì)這起事故發(fā)生的原因有何評(píng)論？【搭配】no comment 無(wú)可奉告 comment on .對(duì).評(píng)論 make a comment on/about .對(duì).評(píng)論10 focus fks vt.集中；聚焦n.焦點(diǎn)；聚焦【例句】It was the main focus of attention at the meeting.這是會(huì)議上關(guān)注的主要焦點(diǎn)?！敬钆洹縡ocus on 集中精力于 focus ones attention on 把注意力集

13、中到【拓展延伸】focus ones attention on sth.= center/concentrate/fix ones attention on sth. 集中注意力于11 thanks to由于；多虧（有時(shí)用作反語(yǔ)）;因?yàn)椤纠洹縏hanks to the bad weather, the match had been cancelled. 多虧了這倒霉的天氣，比賽被取消了。（反語(yǔ)）【拓展延伸】表示“因?yàn)?，由于”的短語(yǔ)還有：because of，owing to，on account of，due to，as a result of?！緶剀疤崾尽恳陨线@些都是介詞短語(yǔ)，因此后面可以

14、跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞而不可以跟從句。due to一般不用于句首12. be satisfied with 對(duì)表示滿足或滿意【例句】Youve done well at school. Im very satisfied with you. 你在學(xué)校干得不錯(cuò)，我對(duì)你很滿意?！就卣寡由臁縝e satisfied to do 對(duì)做感到滿意to sb s / sth s satisfaction 使某人滿意的是 far from satisfactory 遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不能令人滿足 【溫馨提示】be satisfied with 同義詞 be pleased with be content with小結(jié)：本單元單詞的

15、構(gòu)詞法1 合成詞1）sunburnt sun+burnt 2) output out+put3) therefore there+fore4) underline under+line2. 詞綴+詞根1) dis-表示“不，消失掉”；表示“分開，分離”如：discovery disagree dishonest disappear2) -ty表示性質(zhì)如：responsibility nationality personality3) -ry表示集合名詞如：laboratory實(shí)驗(yàn)室 chemistry化學(xué) summary discovery4) -ion由動(dòng)詞變化而來(lái)的抽象名詞常表示狀態(tài)。如：

16、communication交流，交往 occupation production nutrition必修4 Unit2 Working the land基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)I 單詞拼寫1A _ (化學(xué)的) change takes place in paper when it burns.2. We must r_ ourselves of these old ideas.3. Not having had food for over forty hours, we were all weak from h_.4. Because of the heavy rain the l_ of the lake

17、has risen 6 inches.5. It was a new form of _ (細(xì)菌) and nobody knew how it would affect humans.6. The cookies are made from g_ and fruit.7. Farmers consider rabbits to be p_, because they destroy some crops they grow.8. The violent film is not _(合適的) for children.9. This food provides the _(營(yíng)養(yǎng)) your d

18、og needs.10. The average _(產(chǎn)量) of the factory is 20 cars a day.II 用方框內(nèi)所給短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空would rather, be satisfied with, thanks to, insist on, care about, refer to, lead a .life, exchange for, rid of1) He got the first prize in the speech contest. His teacher _ hisperformance.2) It is really a hot day. I _

19、 stay in the house withair-conditioning than go outshopping.3) Please_ the last page of the book for answers after doing the exercises. 4) _ your help, we could finish the task on time.5) Most of the people in remote mountainous area _ _ poor _.6) Next week I will fly to Britain on business. Now I w

20、ant to _ some RMB yuan_ British pounds.7) When a child knows that he _, he feels safe and secure.8) The girl struggled to_ herself _ her fears.9) Some schools _ their students wearing school uniforms.III 完成句子1. 畢業(yè)后，他寧愿留在上海而不愿回家鄉(xiāng)。He _ _ stay in Shanghai _ return to his hometown after his graduation.2

21、. 多虧了他的雜交水稻，農(nóng)民們種出的糧食比之前多一倍。_ _ his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests _ as before.3. 農(nóng)民對(duì)今年的稻谷產(chǎn)量很滿意。Farmers _ quite _ _ this years _ of rice.4. 在非洲，政府都在努力讓人民擺脫饑餓。In Africa, governments are trying to _ the people_ _.5. 他們集中精力想保持土壤肥沃且免受病害They _ _ keeping their soil rich and _ _disease.6. 他為了自由

22、而斗爭(zhēng)。They _ _ the freedom.7. 最終他們到達(dá)了被稱作新美洲的地方。At last, they reached _ _ _ the New America.8. 很抱歉地說(shuō)我不能幫你的忙。I that I cannot help you.IV. 辯一辯1.The black people have never stopped their struggle _ unfair treatment(不公正對(duì)待).A. against B. for c. on D. to2. He got completelywhen he saw both Lucy and Lily, who

23、 are twin sisters. A. confusing B. confused C. confuse D. confuses3. my English teacher, I have become what I am. A. Thanks for B. Thank to C. Thanks to D. Thank for 4. Nowadays the whole world _ peace. A. hunger for B. has a hunger for C. hungry for D. have a hunger for5. She was_ the result. We kn

24、ew it from her _ look. A. satisfying with; satisfied B. satisfied with; satisfied C. satisfied with; satisfying D. satisfying with; satisfyingV 漢譯英1 這個(gè)戰(zhàn)士受了重傷，但最后還是掙扎著站了起來(lái)。（struggle）_2 正如所報(bào)道的那樣，西部地區(qū)的學(xué)生應(yīng)受到更好的教育。（equip with）_3 總有一天我們會(huì)有辦法使這樣可怕的疾病在世界上絕跡。(rid of)_4 因?yàn)閷?duì)我的話感到滿意，我母親同意我和我的同學(xué)去游泳。(satisfy)_5 練習(xí)

25、中國(guó)功夫不僅可以強(qiáng)身健體，而且還可以培養(yǎng)人的性格。(build up)_VI 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換1. A: Compared with maths I like English better.B: I _ English _ maths.2. A: Even if he dies he wont give in.B: He _ _ die _ give in.3. A: We should save the sick free from pain.B: We should _ the sick _ pain.4.A: He doesnt like to live a comfortable life.

26、B: He doesnt _ _ living a comfortable life.5. A: Dr Yuan has spent all his time on his research.B: Dr Yuan has _ all his time _ his research.VII 單句改錯(cuò)1. Looking forward to hear from you soon .2. Some of them even waste time in class played video games.3. I hardly remember my grandmother. She used to

27、holding me on her knees and sing old songs.4. Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, which might not be served until 8 oclock at night.5. After think for some time, I let her copy my answers.提升練習(xí)VIII 單項(xiàng)填空1. You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.

28、 -Well, now I regret _ that. A. to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done2. Vitamin B and C help to your resistance. A. set up B. give up C. build up D.stand up3. He got completely when he saw both Lucy and Lily, who are twin sisters. A. confusing B. confused C. confuse D. confuses4. Would

29、 you rather _ there tomorrow?No. Id rather he _ there instead of me.Ato go；will go Bgo；went Cgo；will go Dgoing；shall go5. The officers narrowly escapedin the hot battle. A. have killed B. to kill C. to be killed D. being killed6. Though it sounds a bit too dear, it is worth _. A. being bought B. buy

30、ing C. to buy D. buying it.7. If I ruled the world, I would _ the world _ everything that is bad. A. get rid of; byB. be rid of; byC. rid; ofD. get rid; of 8. As is known to all, oranges are _ Vitamin C.A. rich inB. poor with C. short of D. good for9. The boss is quite _ with his_ ability.A. satisfi

31、ed; satisfied B. satisfying; satisfying C. satisfied; satisfying D. satisfying; satisfied10. It is reported that the United States uses _ energy as the whole of Europe. A. as twice B. twice much C. twice much as D. twice as much11. In some parts of London，missing a bus means _for another hourA. wait

32、ing Bto wait Cwait Dto be waiting12. Progress so far has been very good. , we are sure that the project will be completed on time.A. However B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. Besides 13China has successfully sent up the Shenzhou spacecraft into space _with sophisticated devices of science and technology.

33、Ato be equipped Bequipped Cequipping Dhaving been equipped14There was a_ look on his face when he met with the _ problem.Aconfusing；confusing Bconfused；confusedCconfusing；confused Dconfused；confusing15While shopping，people sometimes cant help _into buying something they dont really need.Ato persuade

34、 Bpersuading Cbeing persuaded Dbe persuaded16. Luckily for us, when we got there the weather _ to be fine.A. turned up B. turned out C. turned over D. turned into17. Having heard my answer, the master nodded _ satisfaction, “Im quite satisfied _you.”A. with; with B. on; by C. in; to D. in; of18. The

35、 matter must be looked into. We are supposed to have a little _ .A. rain B. weather C. patience D. lookIX 短文填空Yuan Longping, the father of super hybrid rice, has_（奮斗）for the past five decades for the Chinese farmers. In 1953 when Dr Yuan graduated from college, _（饑餓）was a disturbing problem in many parts of the countryside._（因此）, Yu