初中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法總結(jié),練習(xí)含答案

1、專(zhuān)項(xiàng)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞一 考點(diǎn) ： 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法和辨析，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示推測(cè)和可能，由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞引導(dǎo)的一般疑問(wèn)句的回答。二 類(lèi)型 ： 1 只是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：can, could, may, might, must2 可做情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，可做實(shí)義動(dòng)詞：need, dare3 可做情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，可做助動(dòng)詞：will, would, shall, should4 特殊： have to, ought to, used to三 特征 ： 1 有一定的詞義，但不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，必須與行為動(dòng)詞和系動(dòng)詞連用構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。2 無(wú)人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化。 （ haveto 除外）Eg: He has to stay here.3 后接動(dòng)詞原形。4 具

2、有助動(dòng)詞作用，可構(gòu)成否定，疑問(wèn)或簡(jiǎn)短回答。四 用法 ：1. can 表示能力， “能，會(huì) ”。Eg : Can you play basketball? 表示懷疑，猜測(cè)，常用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句。Eg :Li hua canbeint the classroom. 表示請(qǐng)求，允許，多用于口語(yǔ)，譯“可以 ”=may.Eg: you can go now. can 開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句，肯定句，否定句用can 或 can t.2.could can 的過(guò)去式， 表示過(guò)去的能力。Eg :I could swim when I was seven years old. could 開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句，肯定和否定回答用c

3、ould, couldn t如果 could 表示現(xiàn)在的委婉，用can 回答。Eg: Could I have a drink? Yes, you can.3.may 表示推測(cè)， “可能，也許 ”，用于肯定句。Eg: He may come tomorrow. 表示請(qǐng)求， “許可 ,可以 ”。 Eg: May I borrow your book?注：表示請(qǐng)求，許可時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為第一人稱(chēng)的一般疑問(wèn)句，否定回答用 mustn 不t“可以，禁止，不許 ”,不用 may not 可“能不 ”。表示祝愿。 Eg :May you success.4.might 表示 “可以 ”，用于過(guò)去時(shí)中。Eg: He

4、 told me I might smoke in the room.用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)， 表示說(shuō)話更委婉， 禮貌。Eg: He might be doing his lessons now.15.must 表示 “必須，應(yīng)該 ”。表示推測(cè)， 常用在肯定句中， 表 “一定 ”。Eg: There is someone knocking at the door. It must be Jim.否定句中，mustnt 表示禁止，“不允許”。以 must 開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句， 肯定句回答用 must,否定回答用 neednt, 表示 “不需要，不必” =“donthave to” .表示“偏偏” 。 Eg: Mu

5、st you play the piano at this time.6.need 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞： +do,用 need 提問(wèn)或回答，肯定句回答用must ,否定句回答用neednt.Eg: You needntcome to school so early.實(shí)義動(dòng)詞： +to do , 用助動(dòng)詞提問(wèn)和否定。 +doing 表示被動(dòng)。 neednthave done 表示沒(méi)必要做某事但是做了。 Eg: I actually needn thave bought so much wine.7.dare 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，多用于疑問(wèn)句，否定句，條件句中。Eg: I mafraid you dare not t

6、o do such a thing.注：I dare say 習(xí)慣說(shuō)成“也許，我想”。Eg: It will rain this afternoon, I dare say.實(shí)義動(dòng)詞： dare to do ,用于肯定句中，當(dāng)用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，to 可以省略。Eg: This student doesn t dareto raise any question in class.8.shall用于第一人稱(chēng)表示征求意見(jiàn)，詢(xún)問(wèn)。Eg: Shall I open the window?Shall we have lunch here?表示說(shuō)話人的態(tài)度， “命令，警告，允諾，威脅”。Eg: You

7、shall finish your homework first.用于第三人稱(chēng)，在條約， 規(guī)定，法令等文件中表示義務(wù)或規(guī)定，“應(yīng)該， 必須”。（不常用）9.should表示義務(wù)，責(zé)任“應(yīng)該”。 Eg:We should obey traffic laws.作為 shall 過(guò)去式，用于第一三人稱(chēng)， 表示征求意見(jiàn)。 Eg: Mr Lee asked if he should get his visa.表示 “竟然”。Eg: It s unthinkable that the boy should sing such a beautiful song.表示說(shuō)話人的特殊情感，如驚奇，憤怒，失望等。E

8、g: How should I know?表示勸告，建議， “應(yīng)該”。Eg: You should listen to your teacher.210.will用于第二人稱(chēng)表示詢(xún)問(wèn)，請(qǐng)求，也可以表達(dá)現(xiàn)在的“意愿”。Eg: Will you pass me the book?表示意愿，決定，允諾，用于各種人稱(chēng)。Eg: I will try my best to help you.表示規(guī)律性的“注定會(huì)”。Eg: People will die without air or water.11.would 表示過(guò)去的意愿或委婉詢(xún)問(wèn)。Eg: Would you tell me the way to t

9、he station?12.have to “必須，不得不”，強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要， 含有時(shí)態(tài)的變化。Eg: I llhave to ask Jim instead.區(qū)別： must 表示“必須，應(yīng)該“，主觀看法。13.oughtto 表示職責(zé)，義務(wù)或要求，及人們應(yīng)該去做的正確的事或好事。Eg: Humans ought to stop polluting nature.比 should 語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)， ought to 反映客觀情況，should 表示主觀看法。 ought to have done 本應(yīng)該做而沒(méi)有做。Eg: You are late. You ought to have arrived

10、five minutes earlier.14.used to 表示“過(guò)去常常，過(guò)去是“，沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化，可以和過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。否定形式：usedntto 或 didn tuse to ,疑問(wèn)詞將 use提前或 Did use to ?Eg: He didn tuse to be so careless.區(qū)別would :帶有主觀性，并且現(xiàn)在做不做不知道。Used to : 客觀性，和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行對(duì)比，過(guò)去常常，現(xiàn)在就不怎么做了。Eg: He would phone me on Sunday.Eg: I used to be very fond of music when I was yo

11、ung.區(qū)別： be used to doing （情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）習(xí)慣于Used to do （情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）過(guò)去是，過(guò)去常常Be used to do (過(guò)去式 ) 被用來(lái)做 Eg: I am already used to noisy city life here.My parents used to live in South America.This machine is used to cut up waste paper.15.其他 ： had better do最好做某事Eg: You had better stay at home.否定： had better not do be ab

12、le to與 can 表示能力時(shí)用法相同，但前者有時(shí)態(tài)的變化，有能力成功做某事。Eg: We will be able to come back next week.3完形填空Have you ever seen the advertisement: Learn a foreign language in six weeks,1give yourmoney back? Of course, it2happens quite like that. The only language3to learn is themotherlanguage. And think4practiceis neede

13、d for that. Before the Second World Warpeople usually learned a foreign language5 the literature( 文學(xué) ) of the country. Now mostpeople want to6a foreign language. Every year millions of people start learning7 .How do they do it? Some people try at home8books and tapes, others go to eveningclasses or

14、watch TV programs.9they use the language only 2 or 3 times a week, learning itwill10 a long time, like language learning at school. A few people try to learn a language fastby studying for 6 or11hours a day. Its mucheasier to learn the language inthe countrywhere it12. Butmost people are13to do this

15、, and many people dont have to do so.Machinesandgoodbookswillbevery14,but they can not do the studentswork.15the language is learned quickly or slowly, it is hard work.()1. A. soB. orC. andD. but()2. A. can tB. impossibleC. neverD. often()3. A. easilyB. difficultC. ableD. easy()4. A. how muchB. how

16、longC. how fastD. how many()5. A. studiedB. to studyC. studyingD. study()6. A. talkB. tellC. speakD. say()7. A. themB. thisC. thatD. it()8. A. withoutB. withC. inD. by()9. A. IfB. WhenC. SinceD. Until()10. A. spendB. useC. takeD. cost()11. A. someB. moreC. otherD. less()12. A. speaksB. is speakingC.

17、 spokeD. is spoken()13. A. ableB. possibleC. unableD. not possible()14. A. carefulB. forgetfulC. wonderfulD. helpful()15. A. eitherB. whetherC. whatD. how專(zhuān)題練習(xí)：一選擇題1. It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it _ be rather cold sometimes.A. mustB. canC. shouldD. would2. You _ be hungry already

18、 - you had lunch only two hours ago!A. wouldn tB. cantC. mustntD. neednt3. - What do you think we can do for our aged parents?- You _ do anything except to be with them and be yourself.A. don thave toB. oughtn ttoC. mustntD. cant44.John promised his doctor he _ not smoke. And he has never smoked eve

19、r since.A. mightB. shouldC. couldD. would5.What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he _ better.A. need have doneB. must have doneC. can have done D. might have done6.Liza _ well not want to go on the trip - she hates traveling.A. willB. canC. mustD. may7.She _ have left school, for her

20、bike is still here.A. cantB. wouldn tC. shouldn tD. neednt8.According to the air traffic rules, you _ switch off your mobile phone before boarding.A. mayB. canC. wouldD. should9.- I can tfind my purse anywhere.- You _ have lost it while shopping.A. mayB. canC. shouldD. would10. - I m sorry. I _ at y

21、ou the other day.- Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself.A. shouldn tshoutB. shouldn thave shoutedC. mustntshoutD. mustn thave shouted11. - What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?- Well, it _ be big - that s not important.A. mustn tB. needntC. cantD. won t12. - What does the si

22、gn over there read?- “No person _ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area. ”A. willB. mayC. shallD. must13. Some aspects of a pilots job _ be bring; and pilots often _ work at inconvenient.A. can; have toB. may; canC. have to; mayD. ought to; must14.My MP4 player isn tin my ba

23、g. Where _ I have put it?A. canB. mustC. shouldD. would15.The weather turned out to be fine yesterday, I _ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.A. should have takenB. could have taken C. neednthave taken D. mustn thave taken16.In crowded places like airports and railway stations, you _ take care

24、 of your luggage.A. canB. mayC. mustD. will17.- She looks very happy. She _ have passed the exam. - I guess so. It s not difficult after all.A. shouldB. couldC. mustD. might18.I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I _ have driven her there.A. couldB. mustC. mightD. should519.- Mr.

25、Gordon asked me to remind you of the meeting this afternoon. Don tforget it! -OK, I _.A. won tB. don tC. cantD. neednt20.- How is your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?- It _ be, but it is now heavily polluted.A. willB. wouldC. shouldD. must21. The biggest problem for most plants, which _

26、 just get up and run away when threatened, is that animals like to eat them.A. shantB. cantC. needntD. mustn t22. - Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday.- You _ it in the wrong place.A. must putB. should have putC. might putD. might have put23. - What s the name?- Khulaifi. _ I spell that for you?A. ShallB. WouldC. CanD. Might24. - Who is the girl standing over there ?- Well, if you _ know, her name is Mabel.