Unit4一周強化

1、、本單元重點單詞1. harmful adj.有害的This food is harmful.Having junk food is harmful to people(be sareafltili to )=Having junk food does harm to people s health b(IdarmSuilrtdo )2. spread vt.伸展，展開；傳播；蔓延The bird spread its win gs.鳥兒伸開翅膀。spread out sth.展開某物spread news /diseases傳播消息 /疾病spread one s political in

2、fluent擴大某人的政治影響3. method n.方法traditi onal teachi ng method 傳統(tǒng)教學法a method for software maintenance 保存軟件的方法work with method有條理地工作4. depend vi. 依靠，依賴You can t depend on your parents forever.The map is a thi ng to be depe nded on whe n you are in a stra nge place.You may depe nd upon her to arrive on ti

3、me.Our success depe nd on whether every one works hard or not.還可構成句型depend on /upon it that ,意為 指望，對不懷疑”如:You may depe nd on that she will help you.You may depend on that he II join our club.depending on意為根據(jù)；依靠，作方式狀語。The climate cha nges depe nding on the area.We ll decide whether to hold the sports

4、 meet deending on the whether.That /it all depe nds.I may help you, but that depe nds.5. exist vi(1) 存在，生存problems also exist in agriculture 農(nóng)業(yè)中總是存在的問題A life from all worry doesn t exist.Does life exist on Mars?(2) 維持生活 (on)She exists on tea or bread.The old men found it difficult to exist on his pe

5、nsion alone.existing作定語意為現(xiàn)存的，現(xiàn)在的”Food will not get cheaper un der existi ng con diti on (=prese nt con diti on).We must develop our frie ndship on the exist ing basis.6. disappoint vt.使失望，使計劃受挫，使希望落空I was so disappo in ted at heari ng that n ews.I II n ever be disappo in ted in you.Her lack of succe

6、ss disappo in ted Mary.disappo in ted adj.感到失望的7. publish vt.出版，刊?。还?，發(fā)表publish a plan /statement 公布計戈V /聲明publish one s v發(fā)表看法When will your new book be published?（出版）a published authorpublishable adj.可發(fā)表的，適于出版的publishi ng n.出版（業(yè)），發(fā)行（業(yè)），出版（或發(fā)行）活動8. force n.（1）力量，力the force of a blow 打擊力the force of

7、an earthquake 地震力（2）力氣，體力，魄力He s a man of great force and determ in ati on.with all the force one can muster 使出渾身的力氣（3）勢力the force of evil 惡勢力a force in politics 政治勢力（4）軍事力量the armed forces 陸軍the air forces 空軍9. gradually adv.逐漸地gradual adj.逐漸的，逐步的，漸進的 a gradual in crease in the cost of liv ing 生活費用

8、的逐步提高 a gradual slope 緩坡10. mass(1) 用作名詞 團，堆，塊a mass of hot air 一團熱空氣float ing masses of ice 大塊大塊的浮冰a mass of sand /gree n 眾多，大量a great mass of data 大量資料 the masses群眾，民眾 大多數(shù)，大部分the (great) mass of people(2) 用作形容詞 群眾的，民眾的a mass protest群眾性的抗議a mass magaz ine 通俗雜志mass educati on 大眾教育 大量的，大規(guī)模的weap ons o

9、f mass destructi on 大規(guī)模毀滅性武器 整個的，總共的the mass effect of the treatme nt11. cheer vt.使振奮，使高興，使快慰 (up)The good n ews cheered (up) every one who heard it.12. break out發(fā)生，爆發(fā)(無被動式)The war broke out.(=happe ned)break out in curses 破口大罵break off斷開，停止The mast broke off. (=was broke n)I don t know why he broke

10、 off at the middle of the sentence.二、重難點句子解析1. What it was to become was a mystery until the dust began to slowly combine into a ball moving aro und the sun.隨后它將會變成什么曾經(jīng)是個謎，直到最后謎團慢慢地合成一個環(huán)繞太陽運轉的球狀 物。(1) what it was to become是由what引導的主語從句。e.g. What I want is more free time.(2) comb in e-i nto 合成(3) mov

11、ing around the sun是v.-ing作伴隨狀語修飾 ball，表明它的狀況。2. It exploded loudly with fire and rock, which were in time to produce the water vapour,地球猛烈爆炸起火，并噴涌出巖石，這些最早產(chǎn)生了水蒸氣、(1) in time sooner or later; eventually 遲早； 最后I ll see him in time.總有一天我會遇見他。 for sth. /to do sth. not late 及時；不遲She will be back in time t

12、o prepare dinner.她來得及回來準備晚飯。in /out of time : in/not in the correct time 合 /不合節(jié)扌拍The audie nee clapped in time to the music.觀眾合著音樂的節(jié)拍拍手。(2) (sth.) be to (do) (something) will definitely happen, or it must happen 不可避免要發(fā)生或必須發(fā)生They said goodbye, little knowing that they were n ever to meet aga in.他們彼此說

13、了再見，幾乎不知道再也不可能見面了。She is to be honoured for this great work.她(一定)會因這部著作而獲得榮譽。Mr. Clark said to his daughter,“ You are to be home by 10 o clock at the latest.克拉克先生對他的女兒說：你必須在10點之前到家?！?. Nobody knew that it was going to be different from other planets going round the sun.誰也不知道地球會別于環(huán)繞太陽運轉的其它行星。(1) (sb.

14、 /sth.) be differe nt from: not like some one or somethi ng else in one or more ways與不同City life is quite differe nt from country life.都市生活與鄉(xiāng)村生活是非常不同的。注意： 強調 different 時用 very, much, quite, entirely, totally 等詞。 有時，美語口語中用than,英語口語中用to來代替from。(2) going round the sun為現(xiàn)在分詞短語，作定語，表示一般的動作。例如：違法的人要受到處罰現(xiàn)在分

15、詞短語作定語，也可表示進行的動作。例如:你能看到與男友跳舞的那個姑娘嗎？4. This encouraged the development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish.這為早期貝類及其他各種魚類的發(fā)育進一步創(chuàng)造了條件。名詞后綴-ment加在動詞之后表示：(1)行為。例如：argume nt, betterme nt, developme nt, treatme nto(2)結果。例如：arra ngeme nt, settleme nt, stateme nt5. Later, some huge animal called dinosa

16、urs, developed.再后來發(fā)展出一批叫作恐龍的巨型動物。注意區(qū)別：later, latest, last, lately, latterTwo days later, he came back to school.This is his latest book.I met him last week.We haven t met lately.Of sheep and cows, I thi nk the latter are more valuable.6. Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years

17、to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.在未來的千百萬年中，生命能否在地球上延續(xù)將取決于這個問題能否解決。(1) for millions of years to come中不定式to come作定語，與前面的名詞之間有邏輯上 的主謂關系。例如：She is the last pers on to do such a thi ng.她是最不像會做這種事的人。(2) (sth.) depend on (sth. else): something might only happen or be true if the ci

18、rcumstances are right for it 取決于Our success depe nds on whether every one works hard or not.我們的成敗取決于是否每個人都努力工作。7. Walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.引力改變了，走路也的確需要練一練了。now (that): because of the fact (that)由于，既然Now that I m frnI enjoy music for a while.既然有空，我可以享受一下音樂了。No

19、w you ve grown up you can decide it yourself.你已經(jīng)長大了，可以自己決定（它）了 三、語法一一名詞性從句（2）本周學習名詞性從句中的主語從句。主語從句在句中做主語。它可以放在主句謂語動詞之前，但多數(shù)情況由it作形式主語。而把主語從句放在主句之后。例如：Who did that is known to all.It is interesting that you should like him.按引導詞的不同，主語從句可分為下面三類：1 由從屬連詞引導That the earth tur ns aro und the sun is known to a

20、ll.眾所周知地球繞著太陽轉。Whether there is life on other pla nets is not yet know.其他行星上是否有生命還未知道。It s not sure if he will succeed.他是否會成功還不能肯定。注意：if引導的主語從句只能放在句尾，而whether引導的主語從句既可放在句首，也可放在句尾。2 由連接代詞引導What you n eed is more practice.你需要的是更多的練習。Who will go is not importa nt.誰去不重要。Which team will win the champi on ship is un certa in.哪一個隊會得冠軍還說不準。Whatever I have done is only for you.無論我做什么都是為了你3 由連接副詞引導Where the meeting will be held hasn t been decided.什么時候開會還沒定。Why they are reduci ng price does not matter.他們?yōu)槭裁礈p價并不重要。However you do it is all right with me.你無論怎樣做這件事對我來說都行。4. it作形式主語(1) that所引