托福獨(dú)立寫作高分技巧拆分法

1、托福獨(dú)立寫作高分技巧拆分法 托福獨(dú)立寫作高分技巧拆分法托福獨(dú)立寫作技巧：n-a-p-o我把這個(gè)方法定義為“拆分法”：對(duì)于獨(dú)立寫作題干中的比較籠統(tǒng)抽象名詞(noun)，我們可以從多個(gè)角度(angles)拆成很多小的單元(parts)，各個(gè)擊破它們(one by one)。這里包含的四個(gè)方面，取首字母，即n-a-p-o。所以什么是拆分?napo!那拆分法能幫助我們快速找到哪些題目的解題思路?筆者的回答是，幾乎所有的現(xiàn)象證明題和少部分價(jià)值判斷的題目。而這些題目恰好是托福獨(dú)立寫作通關(guān)路上的“攔路虎”。找到*中的“攔路虎”為什么這些題型是“攔路虎”?因?yàn)檫@些題目考的概率低，而且大部分學(xué)生都找不到分論點(diǎn)去

2、寫一篇完整的*。那我們?nèi)绾尾拍軈^(qū)分價(jià)值判斷類和現(xiàn)象證明的題目呢?價(jià)值判斷類，簡(jiǎn)而言之就是，題干中包含一些感情色彩的詞匯，比如better, best, necessary, positive等 。在*論述過程中，會(huì)討論某個(gè)對(duì)象或者現(xiàn)象“好不好”。價(jià)值判斷題在過去的2019年考試真題中，占90%的比例。而對(duì)于現(xiàn)象證明的題目，題干中一般沒有這些帶感情色彩的詞，只占差不多10%。下面看看這四道真題，能否區(qū)分哪些是現(xiàn)象證明呢?1.2019/0309do you agree or disagree with the following statement? the most important prob

3、lems affecting peoples life can be solved within our life time.2.2019/0414do you agree or disagree with the following statement? students do not respect their teachers as much as they did in the past.3.2019/1109 many filmmakers make movies based on books. some people prefer to read the book before t

4、hey watch the movie, while other people prefer to watch the movie before they read the book. which one do you prefer?4.2019/1208the best solution for parents to prepare their children for elementary (primary) school.a) young children practice reading booksb) parents reading books loudly for children

5、c) practice conversation with adults很顯然，1和2是現(xiàn)象證明，因?yàn)轭}干里面沒有感情色彩詞。題目1.大家*要討論的是“影響人的生活的問題是不是會(huì)在當(dāng)今得到解決”而不是“這些問題得到解決的好處”，更不是“這些問題對(duì)人們目前的生活到底好不好?同理，題目2要討論“現(xiàn)在的學(xué)生是不是沒有過去的學(xué)生尊重老師”。而題目3和4是價(jià)值判斷的題目，題目4題干中出現(xiàn)了“best”，題目3中不管是題干還是問題中都有“prefer”這個(gè)表示偏好的詞。筆者在上文中提到，拆分法可以用于幾乎所有價(jià)值判斷類的題。那我們來(lái)分析下，2019年考到的價(jià)值判斷類的題目有什么特點(diǎn)?現(xiàn)象證明類題目的特點(diǎn)2

6、019/0113do you agree or disagree with the statement: students nowadays are more interested in politics than in the past.2019/0414do you agree or disagree with the following statement? students do not respect their teachers as much as they did in the past.2019/0223do you agree or disagree with the fo

7、llowing statement? it is difficult for teachers to be both popular (students like them) and effective to help students learning.2019/0309do you agree or disagree with the following statement? the most important problems affecting peoples life can be solved within our life time.2019/0825do you agree

8、or disagree with the following statement? although science and technology will continue to improve, the most significant improvements of the quality of peoples lives have already taken place.2019/1027do you agree or disagree with the following statement? the rapid development of cities is contributi

9、ve to social progress. use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，要判斷現(xiàn)象證明的題目可以分三步：第一步，從設(shè)問方式判斷這類題設(shè)問方式都是：do you agree or disagree with the statement?當(dāng)然部分價(jià)值判斷的題目也采用這種問法。如果是需要你做出選擇，比如題目這樣問：which kind of professors will you choose when selecting the courses? which one do you prefer?那肯定

10、是價(jià)值判斷的題。第二步，篩選有情感色彩的詞現(xiàn)象證明類題目中一般不包含情感色彩的詞，比如有偏向性的詞：positive, unnecessary比較級(jí)最高級(jí)和絕對(duì)詞，比如：too much ,only但是也不能太絕對(duì)，價(jià)值判斷類型的題目有些也是包含絕對(duì)詞和比較級(jí)的。第三步，*內(nèi)容是討論”好不好”還是“是不是”?價(jià)值判斷類*討論的內(nèi)容是“是不是”?？偨Y(jié)下來(lái)就是1. 同意or不同意 2 ，偏向性3. 是不是。拆分法的原則那到底怎么拆分，拆什么呢?還記得napo嗎?拆分對(duì)象一般是名詞。怎么拆?筆者總結(jié)出來(lái)的原則是：paw。沒錯(cuò)!爪子原則!具體來(lái)說是：p指的是介詞preposition中的首字母pa是a

11、bstract和plural 兩個(gè)詞共有的字母aw指的是when, where和who接下來(lái)，筆者會(huì)用paw原則來(lái)分析近幾年的題，尤其是2019年和2020年上半年的真題。p在真題中的運(yùn)用paw原則中的p指的是題干中出現(xiàn)的表示并列的介詞preposition, 比如“and”和“or”eg1 2018/0324 do you agree or disagree with the following statement? people should take time to relax with hobbies and physical activities different from wha

12、t they do at work.第一步要確定題目類型，這是價(jià)值判斷的題目。因?yàn)轭}干中出現(xiàn)了情感色彩的詞“should”。如果同意題目的觀點(diǎn)，總論點(diǎn)是人們應(yīng)該與通過工作不同的興趣和開展方式來(lái)放松。中間段我們可以從兩個(gè)角度來(lái)寫，即根據(jù)介詞and前后的內(nèi)容，拆成hobbies 和physical activities 這兩項(xiàng)。第一如果有和工作不相關(guān)的hobbies, 這可以擴(kuò)大我們的視野(萬(wàn)能理由broaden ones horizon)。我們就可以把自己的觸角伸到不同領(lǐng)域，實(shí)現(xiàn)全面發(fā)展(develop in an all-round way),這樣更好地適應(yīng)社會(huì)(be more competi

13、tive in adapting to the society).第二如果我們的physical activities與工作不同，這樣可以更好地平衡家庭和生活(strike a balance between work and life)。理由是現(xiàn)在很多人都太忙(full-scheduled),而且是伏案工作(bend over ones work at desk),如果去做一些體育運(yùn)動(dòng)，可以得到更好的放松(relaxation)。當(dāng)重新回到工作中會(huì)更加有精力(energetic)，這樣可以提高工作效率(萬(wàn)能理由，improve efficiency)。a在真題中的運(yùn)用paw中的a，即將題目中

14、的抽象名詞(abstract)和名詞復(fù)數(shù)(plural)進(jìn)行拆分。eg2 do you agree or disagree with the following statement? the movies and television programs made in your own country are more interesting than those made in foreign countries.雖然題目中包含比較級(jí)，但*要談?wù)摰氖恰白约杭覈?guó)家的電視和電影節(jié)目是不是比其它國(guó)家的更有趣”，所以這是一個(gè)現(xiàn)象證明的題。我們可以將programs這個(gè)詞進(jìn)行拆分，如歷史風(fēng)景類節(jié)目(h

15、istorical and scenic spots)，介紹風(fēng)俗文化的節(jié)目(tradition and customs)或者有關(guān)政治和宗教的節(jié)目(politics and religious beliefs)。當(dāng)然第三點(diǎn)不建議大家寫，因?yàn)?中可能包含一些敏感信息。選擇自己感興趣的幾類節(jié)目進(jìn)行拆分，比較自己和其它國(guó)家的節(jié)目就可以寫成一篇完整*了。eg3 20xx/0423 do you agree or disagree with the following statement?playing sports teaches people lessons about life.這是一個(gè)現(xiàn)象證明的題

16、。我們可以將sports拆分。比如足球籃球，可以教我們合作和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的重要性(the importance of cooperation and competition);從游泳和長(zhǎng)跑中我們可以學(xué)到耐心(patience)和堅(jiān)持的力量(persistence);還有近幾年比較流行的瑜伽，可以讓我們保持平和的心態(tài)(a peaceful mind)。eg42019/0309 do you agree or disagree with the following statement?the most important problems affecting peoples life can be sol

17、ved within our life time.這又是一道現(xiàn)象證明的題目，原因這里暫不分析。題干中出現(xiàn)的problems太籠統(tǒng)了，到底什么問題呢?我們可以拆分成與教育和健康相關(guān)的問題(education and health)。當(dāng)然也可以對(duì)你所熟悉的任何領(lǐng)域的問題進(jìn)行拆分，只要能把道理講清楚即可。拆分法非常靈活!具體來(lái)講，教育方面的問題比如教育的不平等性(educational inequality)一定能通過線上教育(online education)得到解決。再加上政府更有意識(shí)(have the awareness)投入在教育上，如果每個(gè)人都獲得好的教育(decent education

18、),這也會(huì)促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和社會(huì)進(jìn)步(萬(wàn)能理由economic development and social progress).第二個(gè)部分可以寫，困擾我們的健康問題如今也會(huì)解決。很多疾病因?yàn)榧夹g(shù)的發(fā)展(medical development)變得可以治療(curable).我們醫(yī)療體系也越來(lái)越成熟(healthcare systems)。大家思考下，下面這道題是不是可以用同樣的方法進(jìn)行拆分呢?eg5 2019/0825 do you agree or disagree with the following statement?although science and technology wil

19、l continue to improve, the most significant improvements of the quality of peoples lives have already taken place.也可以分將improvements拆分成教育和醫(yī)療方面的進(jìn)步，和例子4寫法和內(nèi)容基本一樣。w在真題中的運(yùn)用paw中的最后一項(xiàng)w，即根據(jù)時(shí)間(when)地點(diǎn)(where) 和人物(who)進(jìn)行拆分。即在題干中涉及的對(duì)象中選擇一個(gè)，按照年齡場(chǎng)景和職業(yè)拆分。年齡：children-adults-elders或者primary students-senior high stud

20、ents-college students場(chǎng)景school, family and society職業(yè)students, workers職業(yè)拆分成更小單元scientists, teachers, journalists等eg6 2020/0104(下午) do you agree or disagree with the following statement?teachers should assign homework that students must do every day?這是一道價(jià)值判斷的題，可以將老師根據(jù)工作類型進(jìn)行細(xì)分，分成中小學(xué)老師(primary and high s

21、chool teachers)和大學(xué)老師和教授(teachers and professors )。前者如果布置作業(yè)，學(xué)生的壓力會(huì)太大(suffer from heavy pressure), 有可能還要熬夜趕作業(yè)(stay up), 這樣不利于提高學(xué)習(xí)效率(萬(wàn)能理由improve study efficiency). 有些學(xué)生甚至產(chǎn)生逆反心理(complain and rebel )，這樣學(xué)習(xí)表現(xiàn)會(huì)很差(academic performance)。而大學(xué)老師如果每天都規(guī)定任務(wù)的話，會(huì)讓學(xué)生為了完成任務(wù)而學(xué)習(xí)(fulfill the task)而不主動(dòng)做事情(take the initiati

22、ve to study)。這不利于以后工作(less competitive in the future career)。eg7 20xx/0910 do you agree or disagree with the following statement?neighbors do not depend on each other as before.現(xiàn)象證明題。根據(jù)題目關(guān)鍵詞來(lái)審題，是一道古今對(duì)比題?？梢詫eighbors根據(jù)年齡拆分成青少年老人和成年人。首先，對(duì)于現(xiàn)在的children and teenagers以及senior citizens，在空余時(shí)間(spare time)因?yàn)榫W(wǎng)

23、絡(luò)的發(fā)展(with the coverage of internet)，娛樂方式會(huì)選擇看電視和網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲。而對(duì)于adults, 快節(jié)奏的生活(the fast-paced society)讓他們有不同的時(shí)間安排(different time schedule),甚至面對(duì)面交流都做不到(face-to-face communication)。要注意在拓展時(shí)，和過去進(jìn)行比較。eg8 2020/0104 do you agree or disagree with the following statement?it is easier for people today to become more e

24、ducated.現(xiàn)象證明題，同樣也是古今對(duì)比類題目?？梢詫eople根據(jù)職業(yè)拆分成學(xué)生和工作人士。對(duì)于children來(lái)說，因?yàn)閲?guó)家的發(fā)展,家庭收入的提高(higher salaries),父母會(huì)在小孩的教育上投入更多.除此之外，他們的老師也受到更先進(jìn)的教育(advanced education)，會(huì)幫助到他們。至于employees, 因?yàn)榛ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)展(the wide coverage of internet)，使得他們有很多渠道去提升自己. (short-term training for certification, improve skills through online edu

25、cation)。除此之外，全球化(globalization)的普及，讓很多跨國(guó)企業(yè)(multi-national enterprises)的員工了解不同文化，提高溝通能力(communication skills)。下面幾個(gè)題目就根據(jù)題干中的名詞所涉及的場(chǎng)景來(lái)拆分。eg2 20xx do you agree or disagree with the following statement?the movies and television programs made in your own country are more interesting than those made in for

26、eign countries.這個(gè)題目之前討論過，可以根據(jù)paw中的a來(lái)拆分，同時(shí)也可以根據(jù)不同的國(guó)家countries來(lái)拆分。比如usa這個(gè)文化大熔爐(the melting pot), 有很多節(jié)目可以讓我們感受到強(qiáng)烈的文化沖擊(cultural shock);uk一個(gè)日不落帝國(guó)(the empire on which the sun never sets )有很多輝煌的文化值得我們學(xué)習(xí)(the splendid culture);india,一個(gè)神秘的國(guó)度(a mysterious place ),吸引我們的是歷史和宗教(history and religion).這里拆分時(shí)，建議大家選擇

27、自己熟悉的國(guó)家，這樣能更豐富地拓展。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，這個(gè)題目可以從paw中的w即地點(diǎn)來(lái)拆分，還可以根據(jù)a原則即籠統(tǒng)抽象的復(fù)數(shù)名詞來(lái)拆分。同一個(gè)題目，我們可以從不同的角度用不同的原則拆分。eg9 2018/1110 do you agree or disagree with the following statement?competition among friends usually has a negative impact on friendship.這是一個(gè)價(jià)值判斷的題目，我們可以根據(jù)不同場(chǎng)合進(jìn)行拆分。即工作和生意的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)以及生活?yuàn)蕵贩矫娴母?jìng)爭(zhēng)?？傉擖c(diǎn)選擇不同意這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。具體來(lái)說，如果朋友間因

28、為business和work產(chǎn)生競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，幫助我們更好分辨朋友的真假。(distinguish the true relationship),因?yàn)楹芏嗳藭?huì)因?yàn)樽运?selfishness)做一些違背道德的事情。(distort the truth cheating)。如果是在生活方面比如games和sports上的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，這樣還可以促進(jìn)交流,更尊重對(duì)方(enhance mutual respect)。能順利通過挑戰(zhàn)的關(guān)系一定是很堅(jiān)固的(unbreakable).eg10 2019/0414 do you agree or disagree with the following statement?s

29、tudents do not respect their teachers as much as they did in the past.這是現(xiàn)象證明題，根據(jù)題目中的關(guān)鍵詞還可以叫古今對(duì)比題。如果總論點(diǎn)是現(xiàn)在學(xué)生仍然尊重甚至更加尊重老師，可以拆分成對(duì)學(xué)生有影響的三個(gè)部分，即家庭學(xué)校和社會(huì)。in families, 家長(zhǎng)受教育程度更高(well-educated parents)會(huì)在注重學(xué)習(xí)表現(xiàn)(academic performance)的同時(shí)，灌輸一些價(jià)值觀念(instill high moral values),比如尊重老師。in school, 學(xué)校會(huì)開展相關(guān)的課程和觀看電影來(lái)教育孩子(

30、related course and movies);in societies, 媒體會(huì)開展活動(dòng)(launch activities)，評(píng)選和宣傳好老師(awards and personal honors).而且網(wǎng)絡(luò)的發(fā)達(dá)，會(huì)將影響力進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大。2019/0113 do you agree or disagree with the statement: students nowadays are more interested in politics than in the past.這個(gè)題目也可以拆分為學(xué)生在家庭，學(xué)校和社會(huì)中受到影響，而更加關(guān)注政治。觀點(diǎn)和上面這個(gè)題目類似。在用方法w(w

31、hen where who)分析的例子6-10中，例子7.8和10都是現(xiàn)象證明的題中需要進(jìn)行古今對(duì)比的，所以之后碰到類似的題目可以想一想可否用拆分的方法?同時(shí)還要注意，拆分的幾個(gè)部分是不相互包含的。比如有人將people拆分成年輕人，中學(xué)生和大學(xué)生。中學(xué)生和大學(xué)生也屬于年輕人，這種分法就有重復(fù)。再比如將people根據(jù)職業(yè)job or careers拆分成企業(yè)家，科學(xué)家，和新聞工作者。有些科學(xué)家和新聞工作者也是企業(yè)家，所以也是有相互包含的。如何做到拆分的對(duì)象不相似?這個(gè)問題之后還可以繼續(xù)探討。關(guān)于拆分法的總結(jié)通過對(duì)這十道題的分析，大家是不是對(duì)拆分法更熟悉并能靈活運(yùn)用了呢?其實(shí)拆分法并不適合所有

32、獨(dú)立寫作的話題。對(duì)于大多數(shù)獨(dú)立寫作話題比如價(jià)值判斷類的題目還是需要借助一些平時(shí)積累的常用理由，去找到2到3個(gè)分論點(diǎn)，然后再去拓展。拆分法可以分析幾乎所有現(xiàn)象證明的題和部分價(jià)值判斷題。這個(gè)方法還可以用在段落拓展中，以后還會(huì)慢慢分析。最后復(fù)習(xí)一下，拆分是什么?napo!即將一些名詞(n)通過不同的角度(a)分成幾個(gè)部分(p)，然后每個(gè)部分各個(gè)擊破(one by one)。怎么拆分呢?paw!拆分題干中介詞(preposition)and或者or連接的名詞, 表示抽象概念(abstract)的名詞復(fù)數(shù)(plural)，和時(shí)間(when)地點(diǎn)(where)人事物(who) 三個(gè)原則.總結(jié)下來(lái)就是：wh

33、at and how ? napo and paw!大家學(xué)會(huì)了嗎?托福獨(dú)立寫作名詞類使用易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)分析托福獨(dú)立寫作名詞類使用易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)分析。托福獨(dú)立寫作中因?yàn)樵~匯運(yùn)用不當(dāng)所導(dǎo)致的扣分問題層出不窮。很多同學(xué)并非不知道這些詞匯語(yǔ)法問題，許多情況下都只是沒有太過注意才會(huì)導(dǎo)致錯(cuò)誤發(fā)生。下面上海新航道托福網(wǎng)上課程培訓(xùn)就來(lái)為大家講解托福獨(dú)立寫作中詞匯中名詞的常見用法注意事項(xiàng)，幫助大家了解扣分原因找到解決方法。1. 可數(shù)名詞要有冠詞代詞或復(fù)數(shù)even expert or scholar specializing in a certain field might cover a vast spectrum of kn

34、owledge in order to succeed.during high school, a very important time in a persons education career, student will learn skill necessary to be successful in university and the work world.第一句句子中的expert和scholar都是可數(shù)名詞，因此需要在這些詞之前加上冠詞(定冠詞或不定冠詞)或物主代詞，或變?yōu)槊~的復(fù)數(shù)形式。even experts or scholars specializing in a ce

35、rtain field might cover a vast spectrum of knowledge in order to succeed.第二句句子中的student和skill也都是可數(shù)名詞，全句應(yīng)該改為：during high school, a very important time in a persons education career, students will learn most of the skills necessary to be successful in university and the work world.2. 集合名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)要注意我們來(lái)看下面

36、的例句：technology is developing at a remarkable speed that our ancestors might never have foreseen.在此句句子中，technology 是不可數(shù)名詞?？忌欠窨梢詫⑦@句句子改成：various modern technologies are developing at a remarkable speed that our ancestors might never have foreseen呢?technology到底是可數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞?當(dāng)technology理解為抽象的“科學(xué)技術(shù)”，即強(qiáng)調(diào)總稱

37、時(shí)，是不可數(shù)名詞，如例句中的technology is developing at a remarkable speed中的technology正是對(duì)“科學(xué)技術(shù)總稱”的指代。當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)“各種各樣”科技產(chǎn)品的時(shí)候，此時(shí)的technology則是可數(shù)名詞，如例句 various modern technologies are developing at a remarkable speed. 這類名詞稱之為“集合名詞”，在托福獨(dú)立寫作中，經(jīng)常使用的“集合名詞”還有g(shù)overnment，如：the central government is so concerned about keeping pand

38、as in existence that it is spending millions of dollars trying to determine how to artificially inseminate the giant panda. (中央政府是一級(jí)具體的“政府機(jī)關(guān)”，因此使用可數(shù)名詞形式)it is crucial for government to setup more funds by attracting larger investments to solve financial problems encountered during the course of envi

39、ronment-related projects. (這里的政府是“行政機(jī)關(guān)的總稱”，因此使用不可數(shù)名詞形式)3. 名詞的首字母大寫要求介紹在哪些情況下，名詞需要對(duì)其首字母進(jìn)行大寫(capitalization)?表示月份：february表示歷史事件：the enlightenment表示歷史時(shí)期：the middle ages表示書刊、報(bào)紙：the new york times，the washington post表示節(jié)日：christmas，the spring festival表示國(guó)家(地區(qū))：north america表示專有名詞：the amazon以上就是托福獨(dú)立寫作詞匯類問題

40、中的名詞用法注意事項(xiàng)介紹，希望能給大家提供一些詞匯運(yùn)用方面的參考幫助。常見易錯(cuò)的托福獨(dú)立寫作詞匯使用問題解讀,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞類錯(cuò)用情況分析!托福獨(dú)立寫作中因?yàn)樵~匯運(yùn)用不當(dāng)所導(dǎo)致的扣分問題層出不窮。很多同學(xué)并非不知道這些詞匯語(yǔ)法問題，許多情況下都只是沒有太過注意才會(huì)導(dǎo)致錯(cuò)誤發(fā)生。下面上海新航道托福在線課程就來(lái)為大家講解托福獨(dú)立寫作中詞匯中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的常見用法錯(cuò)誤，幫助大家了解扣分原因找到解決方法。托福獨(dú)立寫作詞匯錯(cuò)誤：主謂一致我們來(lái)看以下句子：admittedly, books written on the basis of realities is valuable to most people.a

41、less complicated social environment is the most agreeable condition that help maintain the simplicity of childrens mental world.第一句句子的主語(yǔ)是books，因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式are而不是is，這就是“主謂一致”，即：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在單復(fù)數(shù)形式上要和主語(yǔ)保持一致。因此，原句的正確表達(dá)為：admittedly, books written on the basis of realities are valuable to most people.第二句句子的主語(yǔ)是a

42、less complicated social environment，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)形式helps. 因此，原句的正確表達(dá)為：a less complicated social environment is the most agreeable condition that helps maintain the simplicity of childrens mental world.我們?cè)賮?lái)看以下句子：the number of students who walk to school has been significantly increased.a large number of

43、advertisers are filling commercials with appealing visual effects so as to spark consumers desires to buy such targeted products.在托福獨(dú)立寫作中，the number of和a large number of是考生經(jīng)常使用的兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)，前者表示“的數(shù)量”，后者表示“大量的”。第一句句子中的主語(yǔ)是the number of students，“學(xué)生的數(shù)量”是單數(shù)的，所以謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)該使用單數(shù)形式has，而不是have. 又如：there has been a sharp in

44、crease in the number of internet users since last year. 第二句句子中的主語(yǔ)是a large number of advertisers，“大量的廣告商”是復(fù)數(shù)的，所以謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)該使用復(fù)數(shù)形式are，而不是is.托福獨(dú)立寫作詞匯錯(cuò)誤：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的表現(xiàn)形式我們來(lái)看以下句子：most students like to watch tv cannot finish their homework in time.children who find passion in sports holding on to this passion throughou

45、t life, which leads to a healthier and more successful future.第一句句子中l(wèi)ike to watch tv和cannot finish their homework in time都是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，一般而言，兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需要用連詞(如and或but)進(jìn)行連接，或者可以將like to watch tv變?yōu)閺木洌纾簃ost students who like to watch tv cannot finish their homework in time(定語(yǔ)從句).第二句句子沒有謂語(yǔ)。句子中who find passion in sp

46、orts是修飾children的“定語(yǔ)從句”，which leads to a healthier and more successful future是以which為引導(dǎo)的“非限定性定語(yǔ)從句”。整句句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該是hold，而不應(yīng)該使用非謂語(yǔ)形式(holding)。在托福獨(dú)立寫作中，尤其要注意there be句型中“謂語(yǔ)的表現(xiàn)形式”，如：there are a great variety of articles and topics accurately reflect the diversity of users interest.因?yàn)閠here be句型中的be本身就是謂語(yǔ)成分，所以不能使用reflect，而應(yīng)改為：there are a great variety of articles and topics that accurately reflect the diversity of users interest(定語(yǔ)從句);或there are a great variety of articles and topics accurately reflecting the diversity of