牛津譯林版8AUnit8 Natural disasters Grammar精講(有答案)

1、牛津譯林版 8aunit8 natural disasters grammar 精講（有答案）牛津譯林版 8aunit8 natural disasters grammar 精講（共 2個(gè)語(yǔ)法【有答案】）【一. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)】1.定義過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或過(guò)去某一階段一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 it was raining at 6 oclock this morning. 今天早上六點(diǎn)鐘時(shí)正在下雨。they were building a dam last winter. 去年冬天他們?cè)诮ù髩巍?.構(gòu)成過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)由“was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。i was having bre

2、akfast at six this morning. 今天早上六點(diǎn)鐘時(shí)我在吃早飯。my younger brother was watching tv at that time.那時(shí)我弟弟在看電視。they were playing football at four yesterday after-noon.昨天下午四點(diǎn)他們?cè)谔咦闱颉?3.句式變化(1)一般疑問(wèn)句及回答變一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)應(yīng)將 was/were 移到句首。肯定回答為 yes,主語(yǔ)+was/were; 否定回答為 no,主語(yǔ)+wasnt/werent.?！纠湟弧恳?was it raining at 6 oclock this m

3、orning? 今天早上六點(diǎn)鐘時(shí)正在下雨嗎?一 yes, it was. , 是的,在下。/no, it wasnt. 不,沒(méi)在下?！纠涠恳?were they building a dam last winter?去年冬天他們?cè)诮ù髩螁?一 yes, they were. no, they werent. 是的，他們?cè)诮ā?不，他們沒(méi)在建。1 / 5牛津譯林版 8aunit8 natural disasters grammar 精講（有答案）(2)否定句肯定句變否定句時(shí)在 was/were 之后加 not,was not 常縮寫(xiě)為 wasnt,were not ?？s寫(xiě)為 werent。i

4、t was not/wasnt raining at 6 o clock this morning.今天早上六點(diǎn)鐘時(shí)沒(méi)在下雨。 they were not/werent building a dam last winter.去年冬天他們沒(méi)在建大壩。4.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法(1)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，動(dòng)作發(fā)生的特定時(shí)間常用一個(gè)短語(yǔ)或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 來(lái)表明。i first met lisa three years ago. she was working at a radio shop at that time.我三年前第一次遇見(jiàn)莉薩。那時(shí)，她在一家無(wú)線電商店工作。the last time

5、i saw jane, she was picking cotton in the fields.我最后一次見(jiàn)簡(jiǎn)時(shí)她正在地里摘棉花。i was drawing a horse when the teacher came in.當(dāng)老師進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)，我正在畫(huà)一匹馬。(2) 表示過(guò)去某一階段一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。my father was watching tv from seven to eight last night.昨天晚上七點(diǎn)到八點(diǎn)我爸爸在看電視。i was living in my teachers house when i was in middle school.上中學(xué)時(shí)，我住在老師家里?！纠?/p>

6、題解析】( )1.-i called you last night, but you didnt answer.-sorry, grace. i . i am a singer when the phone rang.2 / 5牛津譯林版 8aunit8 natural disasters grammar 精講（有答案）a. am watching b. was watching c. have watched解析:我們可用“語(yǔ)法分析法”解答此題。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知句意應(yīng)為“昨天晚上我給你打電話，但你沒(méi)有接?！薄皩?duì)不起，格雷絲。電話鈴響時(shí)我正在看我是歌手。此處表示過(guò)去某時(shí)正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，要用過(guò)去進(jìn)行

7、時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)為“ was/were+v-ing”。此處主語(yǔ)是 i,用 was.故應(yīng)選 b。答案:b【二、when, while 與 as 的用法】when, while 與 as 都可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。它們的區(qū)別如下:when 意為“.的時(shí)候”，既可指時(shí)間點(diǎn)，也可指時(shí)間段，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，也可用瞬間性動(dòng)詞。從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可表動(dòng)作，也可表狀態(tài)。從句的動(dòng)作可與主句的 動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，也可在主句動(dòng)作之前或之后發(fā)生。while 意為“在.的時(shí)候;在.期間”，指一個(gè)時(shí)間段，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。 強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動(dòng)作與從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作過(guò)程中。as

8、 引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，也可以是瞬間性動(dòng)詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，表示“當(dāng).時(shí)候”。當(dāng)主句、從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，從句動(dòng)作的時(shí)間概念淡化，而主要表 示主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或條件時(shí)只能用 as【例句】my pen dropped on the ground when/while/as i was walking in the park.我在公園散步的時(shí)候，我的鋼筆掉到地上了。when/as i entered the room, she was sitting at the desk.我進(jìn)房間的時(shí)候，她正坐在書(shū)桌前面。the students were reading when/whi

9、le/as the teacher was grading their homework. 學(xué)生們?cè)诳磿?shū)時(shí)，老師在批改他們的家庭作業(yè)。3 / 5牛津譯林版 8aunit8 natural disasters grammar 精講（有答案）the students took notes as they listened.學(xué)生們邊聽(tīng)課邊做筆記?！纠}解析】( )1. the diner was all over, everyone helped wash the dishes.a. how b. when c. before d. why解析:我們可用“句意分析法”和“生活常識(shí)法”解答此題。由逗號(hào)

10、前意思“用餐全部結(jié)束”和逗號(hào)后意思“大家?guī)椭此⒉途摺笨芍?，本句是一個(gè)含有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句，how 與 why 都不能引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，首先排除 a 項(xiàng)與 d 項(xiàng)。由生活常識(shí)可知，洗刷餐具應(yīng)是在用餐結(jié)束之后進(jìn)行，所以再排除 c 項(xiàng)。when 意為“.的時(shí)候”,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從 句。句意:當(dāng)用餐全部結(jié)束時(shí)，大家都幫著洗刷餐具。故選 b。答案:b【當(dāng)堂小測(cè)】（ ）1. i a meal when you me.a. cooked; were ringingb. was cooking; ranga. was; cooking; were ringinga. cooked; rang（ ）2.

11、 he said he to draw a plane on the black-board at that time. a. tries b. tried c.was trying d. will try（ ）3. she tv while her brother supper.a. was watching; was having b. watched; was havingc. watched; had d. was watching; had4 / 5牛津譯林版 8aunit8 natural disasters grammar 精講（有答案）（ ）4. they a football

12、 game from 7 to 9 last night.a. were watching b. watchc. watched d. are watching5. what book you when i you at four yesterday afternoon? a. did; read; was seeing b. did; read; sawc. were; reading; saw d. were; reading; was seeing答案：1. b cook 為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí);ring 表示瞬間動(dòng)作，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。句意為“你 給我打電話時(shí)，我正在做飯” 故 b 項(xiàng)正確。2. c