中考名詞總復習

1、 YING YU ZONG FU XI YING YU ZONG FU XI 中考考點中考考點 復習要求復習要求 要點、考點聚焦要點、考點聚焦 典型考題解析典型考題解析 課時訓練課時訓練 名詞的數(shù)名詞的數(shù) 名詞的所有格名詞的所有格 專有名詞專有名詞 可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞 不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞 熟記已學過的名詞以及專有名詞； 掌握常用名詞的數(shù)的變化； 掌握名詞所有格的構(gòu)成及其變化； 理解名詞在句中的功能。 中考考查形式：選擇題、單詞拼寫及選詞填 空題、完成句子 等。 YING YU ZONG FU XI YING YU ZONG FU XI 名詞的數(shù)名詞的數(shù) 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù) a flowe

2、r a watch a factory a box a leaf an umbrella 可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式在名詞前加或，可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式在名詞前加或， 以輔音開頭的名詞前加以輔音開頭的名詞前加 ，以元音開頭的名詞，以元音開頭的名詞 前加前加 當名詞前有形容詞修飾時，要看形容詞開頭字母當名詞前有形容詞修飾時，要看形容詞開頭字母 的發(fā)音，而的發(fā)音，而不是看名詞，如不是看名詞，如an interesting bookan interesting book 和和a red apple. 注：以下字母雖然是輔音字母，但卻是以元音音注：以下字母雖然是輔音字母，但卻是以元音音 素開頭的，素開頭的，f,

3、h, L, m, n, r, s ，x. aan a an 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù) 在下列詞中的可數(shù)名詞前加在下列詞中的可數(shù)名詞前加a/an book job answer American Chinese meal player apple event hour university umbrella old man honest boy useful thing “b” “u” “m” a a an an a a a an an an a an an an a a a an a flower flowers 可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞復數(shù) watches factory-factories l

4、eaf - leaves boxes 找規(guī)律找規(guī)律 tomatoes potatoes heroes radio photo 找規(guī)律找規(guī)律 zoos pianos s s （1）-s (2) es: 以x, s, sh, ch 結(jié)尾例外例外:stomach-stomachs 注意：注意：mouth- , house- (3) 輔音字母+y結(jié)尾，去y變-ies: story-stories (4) 以-f, -fe 結(jié)尾,去-f, -fe變-ves: leaf-leaves , life-lives, wife-wives, knife-knives, thief-thieves, shelf-

5、shelves, wolf-wolves, half-halves 例外例外：roof-roofs, scarf scarfs / scarves (5) 以-o結(jié)尾+s/es:photo-photos, radio-radios, piano-pianos, zoo-zoos potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes, hero-heroes 注意：元音字母y 結(jié)尾，直接+s: boy-boys, holiday-holidays 名詞的復數(shù)名詞的復數(shù) 規(guī)則變化規(guī)則變化(小結(jié)小結(jié)) mouths houses 不規(guī)則變化不規(guī)則變化 child-children wom

6、an-women deer sheep man- goose-geese -men （1）變內(nèi)部字母：foot-feet, tooth-teeth, goose-geese, man-men, woman-women, mouse-mice (2) 形式不變（單復相同）： (3) 詞尾加en/ren： 名詞的復數(shù)名詞的復數(shù) 不規(guī)則變化不規(guī)則變化(小結(jié)小結(jié)) sheep-sheep , deer-deer, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese, child- children 注意：注意：German- Germans human-humans 與眾不同與眾不同

7、 scissorschopsticksshoes trousers glasses socks people gloves juice orange milk 不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞 a glass of a bottle of two boxes of 在不可數(shù)名詞前加of短語,利用量詞和容器 的數(shù)量來表示不可數(shù)名詞的 “量”. a bottle of milk-two bottles of milk a piece of meat-three pieces of meat 表示不可數(shù)名詞量的相關(guān)詞語還有：表示不可數(shù)名詞量的相關(guān)詞語還有：some, a lot of , much, a lit

8、tle , little, lots of 鞏固練習: (1)一茶杯茶 （2）一片面包 （3）兩袋大米 （4）五瓶桔汁 （5）一些雞肉 （6）許多牛奶 a bottle of juice a glass of milk a bag of rice a pound of bread a piece of meat a kilo of chicken 2 bottles of juice 3 glasses of milk 4 bags of rice 5 pounds of bread 6 pieces of meat 7 kilos of chicken 1.不可數(shù)名詞以容器來計量不可數(shù)名詞以

9、容器來計量 如如: 2.不可數(shù)名詞以表示數(shù)量的單位來計算不可數(shù)名詞以表示數(shù)量的單位來計算 如如: 只把容器只把容器 變復數(shù)變復數(shù) 只把計量只把計量 單位變復單位變復 數(shù)數(shù) 注意問題 不可數(shù)名詞用來表示類別時，可用復數(shù)。不可數(shù)名詞用來表示類別時，可用復數(shù)。 例如：例如： drinks各種飲料各種飲料 vegetables各種蔬菜各種蔬菜 foods各種食物各種食物 fruits各種水果各種水果 There arent any _ in the fridge. Lets go and buy some peas, carrots and cabbages. A. vegetables B. fru

10、it C. meat D. eggs A ( )1. I want three _ white paper. A. pieces B. piece of C. pieces of ( )2. Do you want to drink much _ ? A. a milk B. milk C. milks ( )3. In autumn, you can see a lot of _ on the ground. A. leaf B. leafs C. leaves ( )4. My sister has two _. One is old, the other is new. A. a wat

11、ch B. watchs C. watches ( )5. He has three _ under the bed. A. pair of shoe B. pairs of shoe C. pairs of shoes C B C C C ( )6. They come from Japan. Theyre _. A. Japanese B. Japaneses C. a Japanese ( )7. Some _ are coming to help us. A. peoples B. people C. the people ( )8. We have a lot of _ to do.

12、 A. work B. works C. worker ( ) 9.The boy hurt one of his _, so he couldnt walk any longer. A. teeth B. hands C. feet D. ears ( )10. _ come from England. They speak English. A. Englishman B. Englishmans C. Englishmen A C B A C 1._hat looks like a cat. (Lucy) 2.They are the _ desks. (twin) 3.This sho

13、p sells _(child) toys. 4.He is _father. (Kate and Jim) 5._mothers are in the same factory. (Kate and Jim) #單數(shù)名詞一般直接加單數(shù)名詞一般直接加 s Lucys twins childrens Kate and Jims Kates and Jims 的（的（s 或或） 看例識所有格看例識所有格 #以 s / es 結(jié)尾的復數(shù)名詞加 #不以不以 s 結(jié)尾的復數(shù)名詞加結(jié)尾的復數(shù)名詞加 s #表示兩個或兩個以上的人共同所有的事物時表示兩個或兩個以上的人共同所有的事物時,只在最后一個名詞上加只在

14、最后一個名詞上加 s #表示兩個或兩個以上的人各自所有的事物時表示兩個或兩個以上的人各自所有的事物時,每個名詞后都加每個名詞后都加 s, 后面的名詞用復數(shù)后面的名詞用復數(shù) 1. 單單數(shù)名詞和不以數(shù)名詞和不以s結(jié)尾的復數(shù)名詞一般加結(jié)尾的復數(shù)名詞一般加s, 2 . 以以s結(jié)尾的名詞，不管是單數(shù)還是復數(shù)形式，結(jié)尾的名詞，不管是單數(shù)還是復數(shù)形式， 一律加一律加 , 3. 若表示幾個人共有一樣東西，只需在最后一若表示幾個人共有一樣東西，只需在最后一 個人的個人的名字后加名字后加s, 若若表示各自所有，則需在各個名字后加表示各自所有，則需在各個名字后加s， 名詞所有格：名詞所有格：表示有生命的名詞所表示有

15、生命的名詞所 有格，一般用有格，一般用 “ “ 名詞名詞s ”形式形式 概括概括 n一般用一般用.of.結(jié)構(gòu)來表示無生命的名詞所有格：結(jié)構(gòu)來表示無生命的名詞所有格： 如：如：the door _the room 房間的門房間的門 a map _ China一一 張中國地圖張中國地圖 the photos _ my sister 我妹妹的照片我妹妹的照片 n雙重所有格雙重所有格 例：例：a friend of my fathers 我父親的一位朋友我父親的一位朋友 a classmate of _.（我的）（我的） 名詞所有格名詞所有格 of of of mine ( ) 1._room is

16、big and big. They like it very much. (河北河北2007) A. Tom and Sam B. Toms and Sam C. Toms and Sams D. Tom and Sams 2.They are_. （莉莉和露西的房間） 3. This new bike is_.（湯姆的） 4.The old teacher is a friend of_. （是（是我的我的一個朋友）一個朋友） Lilys and Lucys rooms Toms mine/my friends D 名詞的作用名詞的作用 作主語作主語 作表語作表語 作賓語作賓語 作賓語補足語

17、作賓語補足語 作定語作定語 作同位語作同位語 作狀語作狀語 e.g. A teacher came. e.g. She is a teacher. e.g. We cant see stars in the daytime. e.g. We called him Tom. e.g. He has many apple trees. Mr. Smith,_, got angry. He coughed_.(整天整天) 你知道嗎？你知道嗎？ her teacher all day 名詞作定語名詞作定語 名詞作定語一般用單數(shù)，但也有以下例外。名詞作定語一般用單數(shù)，但也有以下例外。 1) 用復數(shù)作定語

18、。用復數(shù)作定語。 記一記記一記 如：如：a sports meeting 運動會運動會 2) man, woman等作定語時，其單復數(shù)以等作定語時，其單復數(shù)以 所修飾的名詞的單復數(shù)而定。所修飾的名詞的單復數(shù)而定。 如：如：a man writer five_workers two_ teachersmenwomen 指點迷津指點迷津 1. 1. Ten years _(is ,are) short time for me.Ten years _(is ,are) short time for me. 2. 2. A pair of shoes _(is, are) under the bed.

19、A pair of shoes _(is, are) under the bed. 3. 3. The number of the students in our school _(is ,are) The number of the students in our school _(is ,are) 2,000.2,000. 4. 4. The woman with two children _( is ,are ) coming The woman with two children _( is ,are ) coming here.here. is is is is is is is i

20、s 指點迷津指點迷津 5. Physics _(are, is ) hard to learn for the boy.5. Physics _(are, is ) hard to learn for the boy. 6. They are all _( woman, teachers ; 6. They are all _( woman, teachers ; women teachers).women teachers). 7. The population of China _(are, is ) over 7. The population of China _(are, is )

21、over 1,300,000,000.1,300,000,000. 8. There are many_(peoples,people8. There are many_(peoples,people ) ) in the street in summer. in the street in summer. 9. One of the students _(have, has) gone to 9. One of the students _(have, has) gone to Shanghai.Shanghai. is is is is women teacherswomen teache

22、rs peoplepeople hashas 1. Can you imagine what life will be like in time? （2008河北河北 A. 20 years B. 20 years C. 20-years D. 20-years 2. I dont think looking after children is just _ work. A. womanB. womansC. womenD. womens （2010河北河北 3.My _ (愛好愛好) are reading, singing and dancing. （2007河北河北 4. I will

23、show my collection of (郵票郵票)to the class.（2008河北河北 5. Computer is one of the greatest _(發(fā)明發(fā)明).（2009河北）河北） 6.Mr. Smith gave us _(一條一條) advice on how to keep healthy. （2009河北）河北） 7. We need eleven (play) for our soccer team. （2010河北）河北） A D hobbies stamps inventions a piece of players ( ) 1. Please gi

24、ve me _ paper. A. one B. a piece C. a D. a piece of ( ) 2. This table is made of_. A. many glass B. some glasses C. glasses D. glass ( ) 3.Bill runs fast. He won the _ 800 -meter race yesterday. Aboys Bboys Cboy Dboys . ( ) 4. Some _ came to our school for a visit that day. A. Germans B. Germen C. G

25、ermany D. Germanies ( ) 5. In the picture there are many_ and two_. A. sheeps; foxes B. sheeps; foxes C. sheep; foxes D. sheep;foxs D D B A C 選擇填空：選擇填空： ( ) 6. This is not my cap, but my _. A. brothersB. brothersC. brothers D. brother ( )7.They write most of their_ in English. A. business letter B.

26、business letters C. businesses D. businesses letters ( ) 8. _are used for cutting things. A. Knife B. Knifes C. A knife D. Knives ( ) 9. John bought_for himself yesterday. A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoe C. two pair of shoes D. two pairs shoes ( ) 10.Excuse me, where is the_? A. mens room B. mens room C. mens rooms D. men rooms B B D A A 根據(jù)所給單詞的正確形式填空：根據(jù)所給單詞的正確形式填空： 1. Different people may