焊接外觀要求

1、Visual GMAW Weld Inspection 氣體保護(hù)焊的目視檢查氣體保護(hù)焊的目視檢查 GMAW: Gas Metal Arc Welding lAdequate drawings & specifications 相應(yīng)的圖紙和技術(shù)規(guī)范 lAcceptance standards clearly understood by both manufacturer and buyer before welding is started. 在開(kāi)始焊接前,客供雙方須清楚地明 確接收標(biāo)準(zhǔn). 先期準(zhǔn)備先期準(zhǔn)備 Three categories: 三類工作 lPrior to welding 焊接前

2、 lDuring welding 焊接中 lAfter welding 焊接后 范圍范圍 lVisual acuity 靈敏的視覺(jué)判斷力 lExperience and Training 接受過(guò)一定的培訓(xùn)和相應(yīng)的經(jīng)驗(yàn) lProcedures 理解程序的要求 lCertification Programs 通過(guò)了能力測(cè)試 lSafety 完全了解工作環(huán)境的安全要求 檢驗(yàn)員的必備要求檢驗(yàn)員的必備要求 lGeneral lvisual examination is a method for identifying surface flaws and imperfections 目視檢查是發(fā)現(xiàn)焊接表面

3、缺陷與次品的 方法 原則原則 lReview drawings and specifications 審核圖紙與技術(shù)規(guī)范 lPlan for recording of results 準(zhǔn)備記錄檢查結(jié)果 lReview / develop control plan 審核并更新控制計(jì)劃 lReview / develop DFMEA / PFMEA 審核并更新DFMEA / PFMEA 焊接前焊接前 lSequence of welding 焊接的順序 lConformance with the applicable procedure i.e. voltage, amperage and tra

4、vel speed. 與相應(yīng)的程序保持一致,如: 電壓,電 流及焊接速度 焊接中焊接中 lFinal weld appearance 最終焊接外觀 lFinal weld size 最終焊接尺寸 lWeld Length 焊接長(zhǎng)度 lLocation accuracy 焊接位置的精確度 lDistortion 變形 焊接后焊接后 Discontinuities眾多缺陷 lPorosity氣孔 lIncomplete fusion不完全熔接 lIncomplete joint penetration結(jié)合點(diǎn)不完全熔 深 lUndercut咬邊 lOverlap虛焊 lCracks裂縫 lBurn

5、Thru燒穿 lMelt back回熔 lNotching收弧槽 lMelt thru燒穿 lOut of position焊偏 lHollow弧坑 lResidue表面焊渣 lWeld split 斷弧 最終焊接外觀最終焊接外觀 lWidely distributed廣泛分布 lFull length整條焊縫都有 lMostly on surface表面清晰可 見(jiàn) 離散分布的氣孔離散分布的氣孔 NG lLocalized group of pores一撮小氣孔 lStarting / Stopping areas起弧收弧處 lOccurs during regions of arc blow

6、s氣體沒(méi)保 護(hù)處 群狀分布的氣孔群狀分布的氣孔 NG lUsually contamination in joint (hydrocarbon burning) 通常由于結(jié)合部有雜質(zhì) 線狀分布的氣孔線狀分布的氣孔 NG 不完全熔接 Incomplete fusion NG 結(jié)合點(diǎn)不完全熔深 Incomplete joint penetration NG 虛焊 Overlap NG 假焊 NG 焊偏 咬邊 Undercut Undercut 裂縫 NG 回熔 收弧槽 燒穿 NG 燒穿 Melt Thru 總要求 Example1 OK OK Example2 OK Example3 OK Exa

7、mple4 OK Example5 NG Example6 OK Example7 NG Example8 Basic Regulation 下列準(zhǔn)則應(yīng)予遵守 The scattered, linear, and cluster porosity are not acceptable 不允許出現(xiàn)條蟲狀氣孔和表面氣孔堆積 A single porosity is acceptable 允許有個(gè)別氣孔 The incomplete fusion can not occur in the area b,b1 and b2 區(qū)域b,b1 和b2不允許出現(xiàn)未熔合現(xiàn)象 In non incomplete

8、fusion area b,b1 and b2, the penetration should be more than 0.1mm at least. 沒(méi)有未熔合現(xiàn)象的b,b1 和b2區(qū)域內(nèi)的焊接熔深至少0.1毫米 The depth of hollow should be less than 50% material thickness 弧坑深度50%板厚 The valid depth in the undercut area should be more than 0.8T and no sharp edge 出現(xiàn)咬邊時(shí), 實(shí)際連接深度至少0.8T, 不允許有邊緣鋒利的咬邊. Principle for Rework 返工原則 Can be reworked: 以下情況可以返工以下情況可以返工 Missed weld or Split weld 漏焊或斷弧 The diameter of burn thru less than 5mm 焊穿直徑小于5mm Short length weld 焊縫長(zhǎng)度不夠 Notchi