笛福—英文簡(jiǎn)介[共19頁(yè)]

1、1 Good Moring 英本英本2班班 何月何月 2 Adventure Fiction Writers 冒險(xiǎn)小說(shuō)家冒險(xiǎn)小說(shuō)家 Daniel Defoe 丹尼爾丹尼爾笛福笛福 3 In Neoclassical Period Daniel Defoe (16601731) 4 Rich Vs. Poor Experiences Works Contributions Social position Economy position 5 Life Experiences (main things) 1660 born in London (son of a butcher) he recei

2、ved a good education in one of the best Dissenting school, but he gave up the idea of becoming a preacher. 1678-1683 traveled in Spain, Italy, France and German as a merchant. 1688 joined Williams army and took great interest in the establishment of the new government. 6 1692 he became bankrupt, wit

3、hin 4years, he was doing well as the manager of the tile factory. 1701, The Trueborn Englishman A Satire his best known pamphlet 1703 he was arrested and pilloried(處以枷刑）處以枷刑） 1704 he found The Review and carried it to 1713 1719 published Robinson Crusoe 1731 died Life Experiences (main things) 7 Bri

4、ef Introduction A jack-of-all-trades: soldier, merchant, economist, politician, publicist, writer, as well as novelist. A journalist and a pamphleteer with a reporters eye for the picturesque and a newspapermans instinct for “making a good story” A radical nonconformist(不信奉英國(guó)國(guó)教的新教教徒不信奉英國(guó)國(guó)教的新教教徒 ) in

5、 religion his puritan zeal for reform marks all this work account for the moralizing to be found everywhere. Defoe was once in prison, and his prison experience, together with the further knowledge of criminals accounts for his stories of thieves and pirates. 8 Defoes Novels Defoe started the writin

6、g of novels when he was nearly sixty years of age. It was the novel that built his reputation as a world-known writer. His novels include： The Life and Strange Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe (1719) 魯賓遜漂流記 the first and most famous novel the book which makes him immortal Father of English N

7、ovel Defoe gained enduring fame for this novel 9 Other novels followed in quick succession: Captain Singleton (1720) 辛格頓船長(zhǎng) Journal of the Plague Year (1722)大疫年日記 Captain Jack (1722)杰克船長(zhǎng) Moll Flanders (1722) 摩爾 弗蘭德 Roxana (1724) 羅克珊娜 10 The principle problem of the Enlightenment - influence of societ

8、y on mans nature stands in the centre of all these novels. The writers and philosophers of the Enlightenment held that man is good and noble by nature but may succumb（屈服）（屈服）to an evil environment. So did Defoe in his novel. In these novels the reader is taken from country scenes to large cities, fr

9、om the thieves den to the court of kings. And the readers draws the inevitable conclusion: there is no the other but that the former receives sympathy which the latter does not. Theme 11 Ideas：the Enlightenment is a value system Enlighteners believed that freedom, democracy and reason are the primar

10、y values of society. They also strongly believed in science. Representatives： Alexander Pope Samuel Jonson Daniel Defoe 12 Enlightenment a social value system Time：the middle of the 17th century to the 18th century, beginning in France and then spread throughout Europe. Definition：an expression of s

11、truggle of the progressive class of bourgeois against feudalism 先進(jìn)的資產(chǎn)階級(jí)反抗封建主義的一種表達(dá) 13 Other Works Non-fiction: The Storm (1704) A General History of the Pirate(1724) Defoes authorship of this pseudonymous (匿 名的）work is disputed . A Tour through the whole island of Great Britain, divided into circuit

12、s or journeys (17241727) 14 Essays : Conjugal Lewdness Serious Reflections of Robinson Crusoe(1720) The Complete English Tradesman An Essay Upon Projects(1697)論開(kāi)發(fā) first book he published An Essay Upon Literature(1726) Mere Nature Delineated(1726) A Plan of English Commerce(1728) 15 Writing Features

13、Language is smooth, easy, colloquial and mostly vernacular - common English. One of the first to write stories about believable characters in realistic situations using simple prose. Defoe glorifies human labor and the puritan fortitude. It refers the enterprising spirit of the middle class. Organiz

14、ing minute details in a vivid way that his stories could be both credible and fascinating. Sentences are sometimes short, crisp, and plain, and sometimes long and rambling, which leave on the reader an impression of casual narration. 16 Contribution Daniel Defoe was an English writer, journalist, an

15、d pamphleteer(小冊(cè)子作者), who gained fame for his novel Robinson Crusoe. Defoe is notable for being one of the earliest proponents of the novel, as he helped to popularize the form in Britain and along with others such as Richardson, is among the founder of the English novel. Robinson Crusoe, however, is not a proper novel, as it is more of a journal than an emotional account. As a prolific（創(chuàng)作豐富的） and versatile（多方面的） writer, he wrote more than 500 books, pamphlets and journals on various topics (including politics, crime, religion, marriage, psychology and the supernatura