小學(xué)英語全部語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理

1、小學(xué)英語全部語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理1 .人稱代詞主格： i we you she he it they賓格： me us you her him it them形容詞性物主代詞：my our your her his its their名詞性物主代詞： mine ours yours hers his its theirs2 .形容詞和副詞的比較(1) 一般在形容詞或副詞后+erolder ,taller, longer, stronger(2) 多音節(jié)詞前+moremore interesting, etc.(3)雙寫最后一個(gè)字母，再 +er bigger fatter, etc.把y變i ,再+e

2、rheavier, earlier(5)不規(guī)則變化：well-better, much/many-more, etc.3 .可數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式most nouns + sabook - booksnouns ending in aconsonant +y - y+ iesa story storiesnouns ending in s,sh, ch or x + es a glass - glasses a watch-watchesnouns ending in o+s or +es a piano - pianos a mango - mangoes nouns ending in for

3、fe - f or fe +ves a knife - knives a shelf-shelves4 .不可數(shù)名詞(單復(fù)數(shù)不變) bread, rice, water ,juice等。5 .縮略形式i m= i a , you re = you are , she s= she is , he s = he is it s= it is , who s =who is , can t =can not , isn t=is not 等。6 .a/ana book, a peach an egg , an hour 7.prepositionon, in ,in front of, betwe

4、en, next to, near, beside, at,behind. 表示時(shí)間：at six o clock, at christmas, at breakfaston monday , on 15th july , on national day in the evening , in december , in winter8 .基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞one first , two-second , twenty-twentieth9.some/anyi have some toys in my bedroom.do you have any brothers or sisters?10 .

5、be動(dòng)詞(1) basic form: am/are/is(2) 肯定和否定句 i am(not) from london.my eyes are(not) small.my hair is(not) long.(3) 一般疑問句：am i a chniese? yes, you are. no, you aren t.t.t.are they american? yes, they are.no,they arenis the cat fat?yes,it is.no, it isn t.11 .there be 結(jié)構(gòu) 肯定句： there is a thereare 般疑問句：is the

6、re ？ yes, there is./ no, there isnarethere ？ yes, there are. /no, there arent.否定句：there isn t .therearen t .12 .祈使句sit down please don tsit down, please.13 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)通常用“ now” .形式： be + verb +ing eg: i am(not) doing my homework.you/we/they are(not) reading.he/she/it is(not) eating.動(dòng)詞一ing 的形式most verbs +

7、ing walk - walkingverbs ending in e -e + ing come coming一running swimshort verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant run 一swimming14 . 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)通常用 “ usually, often, every day,sometimes肯定句：i go to school on foot every day.she goes to school on foot every day.一般疑問句：do you jump high? yes, i do. / no, i don t.

8、否定句：we donmy mother doesn15.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can,must, shoulddoes he jump high? yes, he does. / no, he doesn t.t go to school on sundays.t like watching tv in the evening.后面直接用動(dòng)詞原形。eg: 1. i / he / she / they can sing.2. you should keep quiet in the library.16. 一般過去時(shí)態(tài)(a) be動(dòng)詞的過去式：i/he/she/it was(not) .you/we/they

9、 were一般疑問句 was, were 放在句首。(b) 動(dòng)詞過去式：肯定句： i watched cartoons.she visited the zoo.t.t.eg : study 一一般疑問句：did you read book last night? yes, i did. no, i didndid she clean the desk just now? yes, she did. no, shedidn 否定句：they didn t go the the part yesterday.he didn t make model ships last week.(3)動(dòng)詞過去式

10、的變化：規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化：most verbs +edeg. planted,watered,climbedverbs ending in e+deg liked 。eg:stop -stoppedverbs ending in aconsonant +y -y +ied studiedshort verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化：is/am was,are were,do did,have/has had,make 一 made,fly-flew,eat ate,take took,run ran,sing sang,drink dra

11、nk 等等 17.wh-questions”what are you doing?what time is it?/ whatwhat colour is it?s the time?which is your watch, the yellow one or the white one?who sthe man with a big nose?whose bag is it?when is your birthday?where is my ball pen?why do you like summer?how many books are there in the school bag?h

12、ow old is the young man?how much is the toy bear?how do you go to school every day?1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)a、表示不受時(shí)限的客觀存在如： he is a boy.she is a student.my mother is anurse.this is a dog.i have abook.b、表示現(xiàn)在的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作，即指現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常用 來表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)間里某種動(dòng)作的經(jīng)常性和習(xí)慣性。它常與表示程度或頻度的詞連用，如：often （經(jīng)常），usually（通常，一般） ，sometimes （有時(shí)）,always

13、 （總是，一直） ,never（從不）如：i often go to school on foot.my father works in a school.mike watches tv every day.i usually playcomputer games on the weekend.c、表示現(xiàn)時(shí)的狀態(tài)和現(xiàn)在瞬間動(dòng)作.如：how are you? you look happy. what s the matterwith you? i have a headache. what do you have for lunch? i have some chicken.注意英語動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在時(shí)

14、與原形同形。但當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，須在詞尾加 s 或-es 。例如：i have a fish for dinner.hermother works in a hospital. amy often goes to school by bike. mr. liu teaches us english. 加-es 的動(dòng)詞必須是以 “ sh , ch , o ”等字母結(jié)尾的。 如： watches , teaches ,goes , washes2、一般將來時(shí)表示在將來會(huì)發(fā)生的事或動(dòng)作。它常與表示將來的時(shí)間連用，如： tomorrow , next week , next year ,this

15、 morning , this afternoon ,this evening 等注意一般將來時(shí)小學(xué)階段主要學(xué)了兩種結(jié)構(gòu)：be going to + 動(dòng)詞的原形 / 地點(diǎn)will +動(dòng)詞的原形例句： im going to go shopping thisafternoon.she is goingto hong kong next week. you will see many birds in the sky.3、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或現(xiàn)階段一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。注意它的構(gòu)成是：be的現(xiàn)在時(shí)形式(am , is , are )加動(dòng)詞的ing形式。如： what are you d

16、oing? i m writing a letter.what aretheydoing? they re swimming.is he playing chess? yes, he is.look, amy is reading an english book.注意動(dòng)詞的ing形式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則： 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going ,working , singing , eating以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，要先去 e再加ing ,如having , writing 雙寫最后一個(gè)字母的(此類動(dòng)詞極少)有：running , swimming,sitting , getting

17、4、一般過去時(shí)主要用來表示在特定過去時(shí)間中一次完成的動(dòng)作或一度存在的狀態(tài)，也可表示過去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作。它與現(xiàn)在時(shí)間不發(fā)生關(guān)系，它表示的動(dòng)作或狀 態(tài)都已成為過去，現(xiàn)已不復(fù)存在。它經(jīng)常與表示過去的時(shí)間連用。如：i went to a park yesterday.i read a book last night. i watchedtvyesterday evening went on a big trip last weekend. i failed my chinese test.注意一般過去時(shí)主要體現(xiàn)在動(dòng)詞的形式要用過去式，動(dòng)詞的過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則有：a、規(guī)則動(dòng)詞一般直接在動(dòng)詞的后面加ed ;如 worked ,learned , cleaned , visited 以e結(jié)尾的 動(dòng)詞直 接加d ;如lived, danced , used以輔音字母加 y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞要改 y為i再加ed （此類動(dòng)詞較少）如 study - studied c