外研版八年級英語下冊M3-U3 (2)

1、Module 3Journey to space1. To summarise and consolidate the use of the present perfect tense together with just, yet and already2. To be able to understand listening and reading materials on space travel3. To learn to make a poster about space travelObjectivesObserve the following sentences carefull

2、y and pay attention to the words in red.1. Ive just made a model spaceship.2. Has it arrived yet?3. Astronauts have already been to the moon.4. We have not found life on any other planets yet.5. But no one has been to Mars yet.6. Scientists have not discovered life on Mars yet.7. I havent started ye

3、t because Im not sure how to make it.8. They have just received a message from one of our spaceships.1. I _ _ _ (make) a model spaceship.2. _ it _ (arrive) _?3. Astronauts _ _ _ (be) to the moon.4. We _ _ _ (not find) life on any other planets _ . have just madeHas arrived yet have already been have

4、 not foundyetgo Ready?5. But no one _ _ (be) to Mars _ .6. Scientists _ _ _ (not discover) life on Mars _.7. I _ _ _ _ (not start) because Im not sure how to make it.8. They _ _ _ (receive) a message from one of our spaceships. has beenyet have not discovered have not started yet have just receivedy

5、et 當表示動作當表示動作已經(jīng)完成已經(jīng)完成并并對現(xiàn)在有對現(xiàn)在有一定影響一定影響時，我們一般用時，我們一般用現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時來表達。此時，可以分別用來表達。此時，可以分別用just，already或或yet加以強調(diào)或說明。加以強調(diào)或說明。 如：如：Present perfect with already, just and yetI have just heard the news.我我剛剛聽到消息。聽到消息。Astronauts have already been to the moon.宇航員宇航員已經(jīng)已經(jīng)去過月球了。去過月球了。We have just started to explo

6、re other planets.我們才我們才剛剛剛剛開始探索其他行星。開始探索其他行星。The scientists have not heard from it yet.科學家科學家還沒有還沒有收到它發(fā)出的信息。收到它發(fā)出的信息。Man has not discovered any life in space yet.人類人類尚未尚未在太空中發(fā)現(xiàn)任何生命。在太空中發(fā)現(xiàn)任何生命。Have the children come home yet? 孩子們孩子們已經(jīng)已經(jīng)回家了嗎？回家了嗎？從以上例句可以看出，從以上例句可以看出，just 表示表示“剛剛剛剛”，already 表示表示“已經(jīng)已經(jīng)”，

7、兩者都用，兩者都用于于肯定句肯定句中，一般置于中，一般置于have/has之后。之后。yet則可用于則可用于否定句和疑問句否定句和疑問句中，在否定中，在否定句中表示句中表示“還未還未”，有，有“以后可能會以后可能會”的含義，而在疑問句中表示的含義，而在疑問句中表示“已經(jīng)已經(jīng)”的的意思。意思。 already just ever yet never總結(jié)：常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用的副詞總結(jié)：常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用的副詞肯定句肯定句疑問句和否定句疑問句和否定句置于句末置于句末其余的副詞則置于助動詞其余的副詞則置于助動詞have/has之后，之后，V-ed之前之前A: Have you?B: Yes, / No

8、, (using already, just, ever, yet, never)現(xiàn)在完成時表示該事件是在現(xiàn)在之前現(xiàn)在完成時表示該事件是在現(xiàn)在之前 的某一個時間里發(fā)生的，的某一個時間里發(fā)生的， 重點在于強調(diào)已完成動作對重點在于強調(diào)已完成動作對 現(xiàn)在的影響現(xiàn)在的影響一般過去時表示在過去某一具體時一般過去時表示在過去某一具體時 間發(fā)生的事情間發(fā)生的事情I have just been to London. I went there last month.我剛?cè)ミ^倫敦，上個月去的。我剛?cè)ミ^倫敦，上個月去的。I have already finished my homework. I finished

9、 it an hour ago.我已經(jīng)完成家庭作業(yè)了，一小時前完我已經(jīng)完成家庭作業(yè)了，一小時前完成的。成的。當當 A 問對方把自己的書放在何處時，他問對方把自己的書放在何處時，他強調(diào)的是強調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在找不到了現(xiàn)在找不到了，故用，故用現(xiàn)在完成現(xiàn)在完成時時。但。但B的回答只是說明的回答只是說明當時放的位置當時放的位置，故用故用一般過去時一般過去時。A: Where have you put my book? I cant find it. B: I put it on your desk yesterday.當沒有明確的過去時間狀語時，判斷該當沒有明確的過去時間狀語時，判斷該用現(xiàn)在完成時還是一般過去

10、時的標準是：用現(xiàn)在完成時還是一般過去時的標準是：看看該行為是否對現(xiàn)在有影響，即該句所該行為是否對現(xiàn)在有影響，即該句所強調(diào)的是什么。強調(diào)的是什么。如：如：A: Would you like to go and see the film with me tonight? 你今晚想和我去看電影嗎？你今晚想和我去看電影嗎？B: Sorry, I have seen it already. 不好意思，我已經(jīng)看過那部電影了。不好意思，我已經(jīng)看過那部電影了。此時的現(xiàn)在完成時表示對此時的現(xiàn)在完成時表示對結(jié)果的強調(diào)：結(jié)果的強調(diào)：“電影看過電影看過了，所以不想再看了了，所以不想再看了”。 Astronauts h

11、ave (1)_ been to the moon but they have not been to any other planets. However, a spaceship has (2) _ arrived on Mars and it has (3) _ sent back photos of the red planet. Is there life on Mars? We do not know (4)_.alreadyjustalreadyyetP21Complete the news with already, just and yet.1Spaceship on Mar

12、s! The spaceship has gone to Mars. It has gone there, but it has not come back yet. Astronauts have been to the moon. They went there and then they came back.P222 Look at these sentences.Now choose the correct answer.1. Astronauts have been / gone to the moon and returned.2. The spaceship has been /

13、 gone into space. It will travel for ten days.3. The astronaut has been / gone to the space station. He will come back tomorrow.4. The spaceship has been / gone to the space station. It brought back two astronauts.have/has been have/has gone1. A spaceship _ to Mars. It is coming back to the earth ne

14、xt year.2. Lots of astronauts _ to the space station. They found it very interesting.3. Some astronauts _ to the moon twice.4. Two British astronauts _ to the space station. They will come back in January. has gone have been have been have goneP233Complete the sentences with the expressions in the b

15、ox.Nicky: Ive just (1)_(watch) a great TV programme about space. Did you know that scientists have (2)_ (discover) water on Mars? Bill: Yes, I did. And scientists (3)_ (try) to find life on Mars now. Nicky: Yes, theyre looking for life but they (4) _ (not find) anything yet. Bill: There were some ne

16、w photos of Mars in the newspaper today. (5) _ you _ (see) them yet?Nicky: Yes. Theyre amazing! havent found seenHavewatcheddiscovered are tryingComplete the conversation with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.P61Work in pairs. Role-play the conversation.Complete the email with the words in

17、the box. been just met never read written yetP236readbeennevermetwrittenyetjust1. The astronaut joined CNSA _ years ago.2. He has flown in a spaceship _ times.3. He felt _ when he was in the spaceship.4. He has been to the space station _.5. The earth was blue and very _ when he saw it from the spac

18、e station.6. He decided to be an astronaut because he has always been _ in space.beautifulinterestedP247 Listen and complete the notes.sixtwoexcitedtwiceComplete the word map with the words and expressions in the box.P258 astronaut Mars spaceship space station the earth the moon the sunSPACE space t

19、ravel solar system spaceship astronaut space station Mars the sun the earth the moonIn July 1969, Neil Armstrong became the first (1)_ to walk on the (2)_. People all around the world watched their televisions and waited for the (3)_ to (4)_ the earth. We have now (5)_ a lot more about our solar sys

20、tem, and we have sent (6)_ to Mars, but no one has walked on that planet (7) _. But I believe one day someone will!newsreachdiscoveredspaceshipsyet astronaut discover moon news reach spaceship yetastronautmoonComplete the passage with the correct form of the words in the box.P25Making a poster about

21、 space travel Work in groups. Choose a subject, for example, the first moon landing or Chinas manned space travels. Look for some photos and information about it. Write captions for the photos and use the information you found in Activity 10 to write a description of each one. Give your poster a tit

22、le. Put it up for your classmates to see.1. 現(xiàn)在完成時常與現(xiàn)在完成時常與already, just或或yet等狀等狀語連用。語連用。just表示表示“剛剛剛剛”，already表表示示“已經(jīng)已經(jīng)”，兩者常用于肯定句中，兩者常用于肯定句中，一一般放于般放于have/has之后之后；yet常用于常用于否定句否定句，表示表示“還未還未”的含義。的含義。2. 當沒有明確的時間狀語時，當沒有明確的時間狀語時，判斷是否該判斷是否該用現(xiàn)在完成時的標準用現(xiàn)在完成時的標準是：是：謂語動詞的行謂語動詞的行為是否對現(xiàn)在造成影響為是否對現(xiàn)在造成影響，如果對現(xiàn)在有，如果對現(xiàn)在

23、有影響，則用現(xiàn)在完成時。影響，則用現(xiàn)在完成時。注注: 另附另附word文檔。文檔。 點擊此處鏈接點擊此處鏈接1. Peter, have you finished your homework? Yes, Miss Lin. Ive _ finished it.2. What are you going to do this Sunday? I havent decided _. 3. Shall I tell Sally about it? No, you neednt. Ive told her _. 用用already, yet 和和 just 完成句子。完成句子。justyetalrea

24、dy4. I have _ done the heavy work and now I feel very tired.5. Have you read the book Who moved my cheese? Yes, I have _ read it several times.6. Have you visited Mountain Tai _? Yes, I went there last week.alreadyyetjust/already . 根據(jù)提示寫出正確的句子。根據(jù)提示寫出正確的句子。1. 他剛拍了許多照片。他剛拍了許多照片。 (take photos)2. 瑪麗已經(jīng)回來

25、了嗎？瑪麗已經(jīng)回來了嗎？ (come back)3. 我們已經(jīng)到公交車站了。我們已經(jīng)到公交車站了。 (arrive at)He has just taken many photos.Has Mary come back yet?We have already arrived at the bus station. 1. Lily, why are you still here? School is over for half an hour. Because I _ my task yet. I still need one more hour. (2014南京南京) A. wont fini

26、sh B. didnt finish C. havent finished D. hadnt finished 2. Mr. Li will check our homework this afternoon. _ you _ it? Not yet. Im doing it right now. (2014南昌南昌) A. Do; finish B. Had; finished C. Will; finish D. Have; finished3. The Amazing Spider Man 2 is on these days. Its fantastic. Really? But I

27、_ it yet. (2014湖州湖州) A. didnt see B. wont see C. havent see D. is not seeing 4. Julies father _ to London last month. He _ there three times. （2013江蘇連云港）江蘇連云港）A. went; had gone B. has gone; has beenC. went; has been D. has been; had gone5. Dave, we will leave in 10 minutes. Are you ready? No, I _ our guide book and towe