賓語從句（初中）

1、賓語從句什么是賓語: 賓語是動作、行為的對象，是動作的承受者。I like my teacher.I enjoy playing basketball.I decide to study hard.I know him .什么是賓語從句： 在復(fù)合句中，用來作賓語的名詞性從句叫做賓語從句。就是由一個句子來構(gòu)成主句的賓語，并有一個連接詞引導(dǎo)。我們 知道 姚明We know Yao Ming我們 知道 他是一個著名的籃球運動員We know that he is a famous basketball player. 哪些句子可以做賓語陳述句 he is a famous basketball pl

2、ayer.一般疑問句 will our teachers attend the meeting ？特殊疑問句 which coat did you prefer?1、 陳述句做賓語當(dāng)賓語從句是陳述句時（包括肯定句和否定句），連詞由that引導(dǎo)，因為that在從句中不作任何成分，也沒有任何具體意思，因此在口語或非正式文體中常省略l Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better. l Jim thought (that) the train was like a big moving party.l He said (that) he would

3、 like to see the headmaster.在主句為be動詞加某些形容詞（如sorry, sure, afraid, glad等）作表語時，后面所跟的省略that的從句也可算是賓語從句l Im sorry (that) I dont know .l Were sure (that) our team will win .l Im afraid (that) he wont pass the exam .Attention！引導(dǎo)詞that不可省略的幾種情況：l 當(dāng)賓語從句的主語是that時He says that that is a useful book. 他是那是一本有用的書。

4、l 當(dāng)賓語從句中含有主從復(fù)合句時。Im afraid that if you dont study hard, youll fail in the exam. 如果你不努力學(xué)習(xí)，那么恐怕你會考試不及格。l 當(dāng)賓語從句的從句前有插入語時。 It says, on the card, that it is made in China. 練習(xí)： 由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句I hear (that) _. （一小時后他會回來）He said (that) _. （他非常想念我們）The teacher told us (that) _. （地球圍著太陽轉(zhuǎn)）二、一般疑問句做賓語我問 他是否想去游泳

5、嗎？I ask Does he want to go swimming？賓語從句中用陳述語序! 用 whether 和 if (是否)連接 I ask if/whether he wants to go swimming. l I want to know if (whether) he lives there.l He asked me whether (if) I could help him.Attention！只能用whether不能用if的幾種情況：1. 具有選擇意義，尤其是直接與or not連用時-Let me know whether you can come or not. -

6、I cant say _ or not he will come on time. 2. 當(dāng)賓語從句提到句首時，只能用whether引導(dǎo)。-Whether it is true or not, I cant tell.-_ they will join in the Winter Camp I dont care.3. 與to do 不定式連用只能用whetherI dont know whether to accept or refuse.I dont know _ to study or go out.4. 引導(dǎo)介詞的賓語從句時，只能用whetherI worry about whethe

7、r I hurt her feelings. I am interested in _ shell be invited.三、特殊疑問句做賓語我想知道 你最喜歡哪條領(lǐng)帶？I wonder which tie do you like best? 賓語從句中用陳述語序! 連接詞就是特殊疑問詞本身I wonder which tie you like best ? l We didnt know when she would come back.l Do you know where _ from?賓語從句的語序-陳述句語序賓語從句的時態(tài)l 1. 當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句的時態(tài)不作限制，我們可以

8、根據(jù)句子的需要使用任何一種時態(tài)。（需要性原則） Jim _ (be) a worker two years agoJim _ (be) an English teacher now. I hear that Jim _ ( cook ) dinner tomorrow . Jim _ ( sing )a popular song now. Jim _ ( be ) to the Great Wall twice . Jim_ ( play ) basketball when his father came back.Jim _ (learn )1000 Chinese words by the

9、 end of last semester. l 2.當(dāng)主句是一般過去時的時候，賓語從句必須運用相應(yīng)的過去的某一種時態(tài)，從而達到主句和從句的相互一致。（呼應(yīng)性原則）1) He will go to Hong Kong .2) He is sick.3) He is reading a book . 4) He has finished his work.He would go to Hong Kong. He said He was sick. He was reading a book . He had finished his work.l 3.當(dāng)賓語從句說明的是客觀存在的事實或者是客觀存在的真理時，就不用受到主句時態(tài)的限制，仍是用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。（特殊性原則）He told me (that)summer is after spring .I was told (that)the sun is much bigger than the moon.My parents told me (that)no news is good news.賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移在含有賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句中，當(dāng)主句的主語為第一人稱，且謂語動詞是think，believe，suppose，gue