（推薦）九年級專項復(fù)習(xí)第一講名詞

1、(Go for it)新目標(biāo)九年級英語畢業(yè)專項復(fù)習(xí)教案、學(xué)案、講義及專項訓(xùn)練-名詞九年級專項復(fù)習(xí) 第一講 名詞年級： 九年級 科目： 英語 主備人： 審閱人： 時間： 1、英語名詞可分專有名詞和普通名詞兩大類：1、專有名詞是個別的人、地、物、團(tuán)體、機(jī)構(gòu)等的專用名稱。專有名詞中實詞的第一個字母要大寫。如：Beijing, Tom, the Peoples Republic of China(中華人民共和國) 專有名詞如果是含有普通名詞的短語,則必須使用定冠詞the。如：the Great Wall(長城)姓氏名如果采用復(fù)數(shù)形式,則表示該姓氏一家人(復(fù)數(shù)含義),如：the Greens( 格林一家

2、人)。2、普通名詞是許多人或事物的共有名稱。如：student, family, man, foot.普通名詞又分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞?？蓴?shù)名詞是可以用簡單的數(shù)詞進(jìn)行計數(shù)的名詞,如： box, child, orange；不可數(shù)名詞是不可以用簡單的數(shù)詞進(jìn)行計數(shù)的名詞。如：water, news, oil, population, information .2、英語可數(shù)名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)：英語可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式。1、名詞由單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)的基本方法如下：在單數(shù)名詞詞尾加s。如：map maps,boy boys,horse horses, table tables.s,o,x ,sh,ch結(jié)尾的

3、詞加es.如：classclasses, boxboxes, heroheroes, dishdishes, benchbenches.注：少數(shù)以o結(jié)尾的詞,變復(fù)數(shù)時只加s。如：photophotos, pianopianos.以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞,變y為i,再加es。如：familyfamilies, citycities, partyparties.以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞,變f或fe為v,再加es。如：shelfshelves, wolfwolves, lifelives, knifeknives.2、不規(guī)則變化：manmen, womanwomen, sheepsheep,tootht

4、eeth, fishfish, childchildren, oxoxen, goosegeese， mousemice, Englishman Eenglishmen , deer deer , Chinese Chinese. Japanese Japanese不可數(shù)名詞一般沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式,說明其數(shù)量時,要用有關(guān)計量名詞。如：a bag of ricetwo bags of rice, a piece of paperthree pieces of paper, a bottle of milkfive bottles of milk. 3、名詞所有格：1、 名詞所有格表示所屬關(guān)系,相當(dāng)于物

5、主代詞,在句中作定語、賓語或主語。其構(gòu)成法如下：(1)表示人或其它有生命的東西的名詞常在詞尾加s。如：Childerns Day(兒童節(jié)), my sisters book(我姐姐的書)(2)以s或es結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。只在詞尾加。如：Teachers Day(教師節(jié))(3)有些表示時間、距離以及世界、國家、城鎮(zhèn)等無生命的名詞,也可在詞尾加s. 如：todays newspaper(今天的報紙), ten minutes break(十分鐘的課間休息),Chinas population(中國的人口).(4)無論表示有生命還是無生命的東西的名詞,一般均可用介詞of短語來表示所有關(guān)系。(主要用于表

6、示無生命的物品的名詞)如： a fine daughter of the Party(黨的好女兒).2、注解： s還可以表示某人的家或者某個店鋪,如：my aunts(我阿姨家), the doctors(診所) 兩人共有某物時,可以采用 A and Bs 的形式,如：Lucy and Lilys bedroom(露西和麗麗合住的臥室) “of+名詞所有格/名詞性物主代詞”,稱為雙重所有格,如：a friend of my fathers(我父親的一位朋友), a friend of mine(我的一位朋友)部分名詞之間可以用to 來表示所屬關(guān)系。如：the answer to the que

7、stion“這個問題的答案”；the key to the door“門上的鑰匙”；the way to+地點(diǎn)“通往某地道路”；the bridge to the knowledge“通往知識的橋梁”。4、名詞或代詞作主語時和謂語之間的單復(fù)數(shù)的一致問題：1、主語和謂語基本保持單復(fù)數(shù)的一致,即：主語是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式：如：The computer was a great invention.(計算機(jī)是個了不起的發(fā)明)The water in the glass is very cold.(玻璃杯里的水很冷)2、集體名詞(如family, class, team, g

8、roup, row, police, school等)做句子主語時,如果表示整體概念,則謂語用單數(shù)形式,如：Class Three is a very good class.(三班是好班)如果表示其中的所有成員時,則謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式,如：Class Three have a map of China.3、Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示單個時謂語用單數(shù),表示許多時,謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。如：There is a sheep in the yard.(院子里有只綿羊) / There are some sheep in the yard.(院子里有一些綿羊)

9、4、maths, news等雖然有s結(jié)尾,但不是復(fù)數(shù),因此謂語仍用單數(shù)：The news is very exciting. 5、glasses, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves等名詞往往用復(fù)數(shù)形式,故謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。如：The trousers are very cheap and I want to take them.(褲子很便宜,我想買)6、a lot of 后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)時謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式,跟不可數(shù)名詞時謂語用單數(shù)形式。如：A lot of students are playing baseball now.(現(xiàn)在有許多學(xué)生在打壘球) A lot of time

10、 was wasted on that work.(大量的時間花在了那個工作上)(被動句)7、and 連接兩個名詞做主語時,謂語原則上用復(fù)數(shù),但是兩個名詞若構(gòu)成一個整體事物時,謂語則用單數(shù)。如：The teacher and his son are picking apples now.(老師和他的兒子在摘蘋果) / Fish and chips is very famous food. (魚和薯條是一種出名的食品)8、 there be 句型中be的單復(fù)數(shù)一般由靠近的名詞決定。如：There is a table and four chairs in the room.(房間里有一張桌子和四

11、張椅子)9、用bothand連接兩個事物做主語時,謂語一般用復(fù)數(shù)。如：Both you and I are required to be here tomorrow.(你和我明天要求都來)10、主語中含有with的短語時,謂語單復(fù)數(shù)由with之前的人物決定。如：A woman with a 7-year-old child was standing at the side of the road. (一名婦女帶著一個七歲的孩子(當(dāng)時)就站在路邊)11、eitheror或者 neithernor連接兩個人物做句子主語時,謂語采用就近原則。如：Either you or he is right.(

12、要么是你對,要么是他對。/你和他有一個人是對的) / Neither you nor I am going there.(你和我都不打算去那里) 12、表示一段時間或長度概念的復(fù)數(shù)名詞做主語時,謂語一般用單數(shù)。如：Two months is not a short time.(兩個月不是個短時間)Two thousand kilometers is quite a long distance(距離).(兩千千米是相當(dāng)長的一段距離)13、主語中含有half of / (three quarters)of / all (of) the .等詞語時,謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)由名詞確定,如：Over three

13、quarters of the information on the Internet is in English.(因特網(wǎng)上四分之三以上的信息是用英語寫的) / A third of the students were playing near the lake.(學(xué)生的三分之一(當(dāng)時)正在湖邊玩耍) / All of the water in these rivers has been polluted.(這些河流中的水已經(jīng)被污染了)(被動句) 寫出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式：1. pencil-box _ 2.wife _ 3. Sunday_4. city_ 5. dress _6. Engl

14、ishman _7. match _ 8. Chinese _9. zoo _10. exam_ 11. German _12. I have a lot of _(作業(yè)) to do every day.13. His _(褲子) are new, but mine are old.14. It is the best one of the _ (照片) in my family.15. Are they building any _ (圖書館) in the city?16. Can you cut this big pear into two _(半)?17. At the end of

15、 _(八月), you must get ready for the new school year.18.Are these_ (watch)yours? Yes. 19.You dont look well.Youd bett er go to the_ (doctor) at once20. I like a_. Its neither hot nor cold.、選擇填充1 .June 1st is _ Day all over the world.A. Childs B. Childs C. ChildrensD. Childrens2 .September 10th is _ Da

16、y in China, isnt it?A. TeachersB. TeachersC. TeacherD. Teacher of_ is made of _.A. Glass; glassB. A glass; glassC. Glasses; glasses D. A glass; glasses3 .This is _ news.A. such a good B. a very good C. so good a D. such good4 .What _ it is! Lets go swimming.A. a fine weatherB. fine dayC. a fine dayD

17、. bad weather5 .They like Chinese _.A. food and peoples B. foods and people C. foods and people D. food and people6 .Lucy and I go to school _ every day.A. on feetB. on footC. by footsD. by buses8. Are those _? -No, they arent. Theyre _.A. sheep; cowsB. sheep; cowC. sheeps; cow D. sheeps; cows9. Wha

18、t are you listening to, Jane? _ or _?A. a music; a newsB. music; newsC. music; newsD. music; a news10 .How many _ and _ are there in your class?A. boy student; girl onesB. girls students; boys onesC. boys student; girl oneD. girl students; boy ones11.A group of _ are talking with two _ over there.A.

19、 Frenchmen; GermansB. Frenchmen; GermenC. German; FrenchmenD. Germans; Frenchmans12. That bus driver drank two _.A. glass of waterB. glasses of watersC. cups of teaD. cup of tea13. Mrs. Smith is an old friend of _.A. Bobs motherB. Bobs mothersC. mother of BobD. Bob mothers14. The tall man with a big

20、 nose is _ teacher.A. Tom and CarlB. Toms and CarlsC. Tom and Carls15. There is _ tree in our school.A. a 8-metres-tallB. an-8-metre-tallC. an 8 metres tall16 .In _ time, those mountains will be covered with trees.A.fewyear B. a few years C. few years D. a few years17. Did you hear the _ report?A. p

21、oliceB. policemens C. policemansD. policemens18. We bought _ for my mothers birthday.A. some meatsB. some pieces meatC. a piece of meatD. pieces of meats19. Whose is this new desk?-Its _.A. Sue and JimsB. Sue and JimC. Sues and Jims20. Would you like _ coffee?-No, thanks. Ive drunk two _.A.any; bott

22、les of orangeB. little; bottle of orangesC. some; bottles of orangeD. a few; bottle of orange21. How many _ do you want?-Two, please.A. kilos of eggB. kilo of eggsC. kilos of eggsD. kilo of bread22. The railway station is two _ from our house.A. hours drive B. hours driveC. hour-drive D. hours drive

23、23. Where are you going, Lucy?-_.A. To my uncleB. To my unclesC. At my uncleD. At my uncles24. Have you read _?A. a newspaper of todays B. today newspaperC. todays newspaper25. Therere a lot of _ down there, but hardly any _.A. horse; peopleB. horses; peoplesC. cow; peopleD. sheep; people26. Lucy pu

24、t a lot of _ in _ of tea. (2000西安)A. sugar; the two cupB. sugars; the two cupsC. sugar; the two cupsD. sugars; two cups27. Mr. Lin often gives us _ by e-mail. (2000上海)A. some good informationB. some good informationsC. good informationsD. a good information28. Is this your room?-No, its _ room.(2000

25、廣州)A. box of appleB. boxes of applesC. box of apples D. boxes of apple29.Would you give me_,please? A.two papers B.two piece of paper C.two pieces of paper D.two pieces of papers 30.There are three_ and seven_ in the picture. A.monkeys,sheeps B.monkeys,sheep C.monkies,sheep D.monkies,sheeps 31.A lot of_ are talking with two_. A.Germans,Frenchmans B.Germen,Frenchman C.German, Frenchmen D.Germa