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1、START By:陳揚揚 茍超平 胡雨奇 張雯靜STARTBrief introduction of AgamemnonBrief introduction of Agamemnon Agamemnon , whose name means firm and steadfast. He was the king of Mycenae, king of kings of the whole Greece. He was the son of kingAtreus(阿特柔斯)ofMycenae, the brother of Menelaus(墨涅拉俄斯), the husband ofClyte
2、mnestra (克呂泰涅斯特拉)and the father of Iphigenia,Electraor Laodike ,OrestesandChrysothemis. WhenHelen, the wife of Menelaus, ran off withParis(帕里斯) ofTroy, Agamemnon commanded the united Greek armed forces in the ensuing(接下來的)Trojan War. Actually, the aim that he declare the war on troy is to Dominate t
3、heAegean Sea. Helen is just a blasting fuse. During the war,he becamethejoint expeditionarycommander.START Upon Agamemnons return from Troy, he was murdered by Aegisthus(??雇兴梗? the lover of his wife, Clytemnestra. In Homeric epicsOdyssey,Odysseus in the witch Circes(喀耳刻) helpto consult weal or woe,
4、 had metthesoul ofAgamemnon.At that time,he said: i would rather live in theearthas a slave than inthe underworldas a king.(寧在凡間為奴,不在冥界為王)STARTTheMask of AgamemnonTheMask of Agamemnon It It was was discovered at discovered at MycenaeMycenae in 1876 by in 1876 by Heinrich Heinrich SchliemannSchlieman
5、n.The artifact is a funeral mask crafted in .The artifact is a funeral mask crafted in goldgold, and , and was found over the face of a body located in a was found over the face of a body located in a burial shaftburial shaft( (豎井豎井) ). Schliemann believed that he had discovered the body of the . Sc
6、hliemann believed that he had discovered the body of the legendary legendary GreekGreek leader leaderAgamemnonAgamemnon, but modern , but modern archaeological research suggests that the mask is from archaeological research suggests that the mask is from 15501500 BC, earlier than the life of Agamemn
7、on, as tradition 15501500 BC, earlier than the life of Agamemnon, as tradition regards it. regards it. In fact , the mask does not belong to In fact , the mask does not belong to Agamemnon,but it stand for Mycenae culture.Agamemnon,but it stand for Mycenae culture.STARTAgamemnonin the Trojan War1.Wr
8、ath (rr憤怒)憤怒)of the goddess Artemis.2.The quarrel between Agamemnon and Achilles in the final year of the war.3.Agamemnons character in the Trojan War.STARTWrath of the goddess Artemis What the result of her wrath? A plague and a lack of wind prevented the army from sailing. Why was Artemis angry ab
9、out the Greek Army? 1.Artemis is angry for the young men who will die at Troy 2.Agamemnon has slain an animal sacred to Artemis, and subsequently boasted that he was Artemis equal in hunting. START How did Agamemnon solve this problem?The prophet Calchas (klks卡爾克斯,隨軍預(yù)言家)announced that the wrath of t
10、he goddess could only be propitiated (prpet撫慰,與和解)by the sacrifice of Agamemnons daughter Iphigenia i,fidinai.START The sacrifice of IphigeniaThere are different versions about how willing either father or daughter was to this fate.Some include such trickery as claiming she was to be married to Achi
11、lles, but Agamemnon did eventually sacrifice Iphigenia. Her death appeased(piz使平息;使?jié)M使平息;使?jié)M足)足)Artemis, and the Greek army set out for Troy. Agamemnon was prepared to kill his daughter, but that Artemis accepted a deer in her place, and whisked her away to Tauris t:rai in the Crimean kraimin Peninsul
12、a(克里米亞半島)(克里米亞半島).Hesiod hi:sid said she became the goddess Hecate(hekti赫卡特(司夜和冥界的女神赫卡特(司夜和冥界的女神).STARTThe quarrel between Agamemnon and AchillesAgamemnon was the commander-in-chief of the Greeks during the Trojan War. During the fighting, Agamemnon killed Antiphus( (普里阿摩斯和赫卡柏的兒子普里阿摩斯和赫卡柏的兒子) )and f
13、ifteen other Trojan soldiers. Agamemnon stole an attractive slave called Briseis, ,( (特洛亞著名美女特洛亞著名美女, ,為阿喀琉斯所俘虜為阿喀琉斯所俘虜, ,由于她的美貌引起了希臘將帥不和由于她的美貌引起了希臘將帥不和) )one of the spoils (sp(spilzilz戰(zhàn)利品戰(zhàn)利品) )of war, from Achilles. Achilles, the greatest warrior of the age, withdrew from battle in response to Agam
14、emnons supposedly evil deed and put the Greek armies at risk of losing the war.STARTAgamemnons character Agamemnons character in the Trojan War.in the Trojan War.Although not the equal of Achilles in bravery, Agamemnon was a representative of kingly authority. As commander-in-chief, he summoned the
15、princes to the council and led the army in battle. He was the sole fighter on the field, and he fought on until he was wounded and forced to withdraw to his tent. His chief fault was his overwhelming haughtiness(h:tinis傲慢傲慢,不遜不遜); an over-exalted(gzltd尊貴的尊貴的) opinion of his position that led him to
16、insult Chryses (克呂塞斯克呂塞斯 a priest of Apollo ) and Achilles, thereby bringing great disaster upon the Greeks.GreeksSTARTChryses and AgamemnonChryses and AgamemnonAgamemnon took Chrysess daughter Chryseis (Astynome) from Moesia(美西亞)(美西亞)as a war prize and when Chryses attempted to ransom ( r rns(ns()m
17、)m贖回)贖回)her, Agamemnon refused to return her. Chryses prayed to Apollo, and he, in order to defend the honor of his priest, sent a plague sweeping through the Greek armies, and Agamemnon was forced to give Chryseis back in order to end it.STARTChryses and AgamemnonChryses and Agamemnon邁錫尼國王阿伽門農(nóng)俘獲并奴役
18、她,并承認她比他的邁錫尼國王阿伽門農(nóng)俘獲并奴役她,并承認她比他的妻子還美,阿伽門農(nóng)將她視為戰(zhàn)利品拒絕允許她的父妻子還美,阿伽門農(nóng)將她視為戰(zhàn)利品拒絕允許她的父親阿波羅大祭司克律塞斯贖回她。親阿波羅大祭司克律塞斯贖回她。 于是阿波羅神諭降于是阿波羅神諭降下瘟疫給希臘聯(lián)軍,迫使阿伽門農(nóng)為了結(jié)束瘟疫,派下瘟疫給希臘聯(lián)軍,迫使阿伽門農(nóng)為了結(jié)束瘟疫,派奧德修斯將克律塞伊絲送回給她的父親。奧德修斯將克律塞伊絲送回給她的父親。 但作為補償,但作為補償,阿伽門農(nóng)將布里塞伊斯阿伽門農(nóng)將布里塞伊斯Briseis(赫克托王子的表妹)(赫克托王子的表妹)從阿喀琉斯身邊奪走,從而觸怒了阿喀琉斯,拒絕參從阿喀琉斯身邊奪走,
19、從而觸怒了阿喀琉斯,拒絕參與后面與特洛伊的戰(zhàn)爭。與后面與特洛伊的戰(zhàn)爭。 The Death of AgamemnonThe Death of Agamemnon In the tragedy written by Aeschylus, Agamemnon is a tragedy which is a connecting link between the preceding and the following, its also a drama which continues the fate of ancient Greek. Agamemnon came back home from T
20、rojan War after ten years ,but his wife Clytemnestra, who had an affair with Aegistus and was instigated by him, killed Agamemnon with a cloth net and a sharp dagger while he was bathing. It Its ridiculous that the famous and god-like Agamemnon s ridiculous that the famous and god-like Agamemnon did
21、ndidnt die in the war but in the bathtub by the person who was t die in the war but in the bathtub by the person who was supposed to be the most trustworthy and closest. Actually, the supposed to be the most trustworthy and closest. Actually, the death of Agamemnon is the evil consequence made by his elder death of Agamemnon is the evil consequence made by his elder
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