新概念英語第三冊(cè)第24課

1、NCE BOOK 3LESSON 24A skeleton in the cupboard“家丑”uskeleton n.骷髏；骨骼骷髏；骨骼a skeleton in the cupboard/closet: a shameful family secret 家丑，隱私 Its time to bring the family skeleton out of cupboard.-該是公開家丑的時(shí)候了。 Every family has a skeleton in the cupboard. 家家有本難念的經(jīng)。 I dont have skeleton in my closet. 我沒有什么不

2、可告人的秘密。skeleton at the feast(宴宴會(huì)會(huì)）令人生）令人生厭厭、掃興掃興的事的事Eg. Never talk about a dangerous thunderstorm with a sailor before he begins a new voyage at the sea, which will be thought of as a skeleton at the feast.reduce to a skeleton 瘦得皮包骨, 骨瘦如柴Eg.He has had nothing to eat for a couple of days so he has be

3、en reduced to a skeleton.skeleton key 萬能鑰匙萬能鑰匙u(yù)seemingly adv. 表面上地表面上地seemingly sincere 貌似誠懇 seeming adj. 表面上的表面上的a seeming good-tempered man 一個(gè)表面脾氣好的人a seeming friend 一個(gè)表面上的朋友 seemly adj. 合適的，適宜的合適的，適宜的seemly conduct / modesty 適宜的舉止 / 適度的謙虛eg. It would be more seemly to tell her after the wedding.

4、婚禮后告訴她更合適。urespectable adj.體面的，雅觀的體面的，雅觀的; 恰當(dāng)?shù)?；恰?dāng)?shù)模皇苋俗鹁吹氖苋俗鹁吹腅g. She looked perfectly respectable in this dress. 她穿著這套衣服看上去非常文雅。respectable people 受人尊敬的人respectful adj.(to / towards sb.) 表示尊敬的，有表示尊敬的，有禮貌的禮貌的eg. A respectable person is respectful to others.受人尊敬的人也會(huì)尊敬別人respective adj.分別的，各自的分別的，各自的Eg.

5、 All the students returned to their respective classrooms.respecting prep. 關(guān)于（書面語關(guān)于（書面語）Eg. Respecting the salary, we shall come to a decision later.uconceal v.隱瞞，隱藏隱瞞，隱藏 conceal sth. from sb.對(duì)某人隱瞞對(duì)某人隱瞞conceal oneself 潛伏，埋伏潛伏，埋伏Eg. The house was concealed from the road by a small wood. disguise v. 掩

6、藏，隱瞞掩藏，隱瞞Eg. She disguised her sadness with a happy smile. a blessing in disguise（喬裝，偽裝）（喬裝，偽裝） 因禍得福因禍得福Eg. Not getting into university may be a blessing in disguise.沒能上大學(xué)焉知非福 He has to travel in disguise. vivid adj. 生動(dòng)的，栩栩如生的，活潑的生動(dòng)的，栩栩如生的，活潑的; 鮮鮮明的明的, 鮮艷的（光線、色彩等）鮮艷的（光線、色彩等） a vivid color 鮮艷的顏色 / vi

7、vid blue 碧藍(lán)色 a vivid imagination 豐富的想像力She gave the police a vivid description of the accident. 比較級(jí)比較級(jí) more vivid / 最高級(jí)最高級(jí)the most vivid lively adj. 生動(dòng)的，栩栩如生的，活潑的生動(dòng)的，栩栩如生的，活潑的A lively imagination A lively account of her adventuresdramatic adj.令人激動(dòng)的令人激動(dòng)的, 扣人心扣人心弦的弦的（戲劇性的, 生動(dòng)的） at some dramatic moment

8、 在某個(gè)戲劇性時(shí)刻 The dramatic scene is still vivid in his mind. His opening words are dramatic. 他的開場(chǎng)白扣人心弦。 drama musical drama; radio drama; silent drama啞劇 striking adj.引人注意的, 顯著的, 驚人的ruin vt.破壞，毀滅破壞，毀滅; 破產(chǎn)破產(chǎn); 使變成廢墟使變成廢墟; n.毀滅，滅亡毀滅，滅亡; 廢墟，遺跡廢墟，遺跡; （滅亡）的原因，禍根（滅亡）的原因，禍根; ruin 表示表示“毀壞毀壞”、“毀滅毀滅”，指徹底的毀壞，破壞的原因通常

9、是自然，指徹底的毀壞，破壞的原因通常是自然現(xiàn)象、年齡、疏忽等，現(xiàn)多用于比喻用法中，在真正具體地摧毀或現(xiàn)象、年齡、疏忽等，現(xiàn)多用于比喻用法中，在真正具體地摧毀或破壞某座建筑物時(shí)，通常不用破壞某座建筑物時(shí)，通常不用ruin。The storm ruined the crops. He ruined his prospects(前景，希望） by carelessness. The fire ruined the castle. The company is facing ruin. ruin ones reputation; in ruins 成為廢墟成為廢墟ruin 有時(shí)還可指一般意義的弄壞或損

10、壞，此時(shí)與有時(shí)還可指一般意義的弄壞或損壞，此時(shí)與spoil 同且?？蓳Q用，同且?？蓳Q用，語氣比語氣比spoil 稍強(qiáng)。這兩個(gè)詞有時(shí)還可用于美好經(jīng)歷或有用東西的稍強(qiáng)。這兩個(gè)詞有時(shí)還可用于美好經(jīng)歷或有用東西的損壞損壞(此時(shí)不能用此時(shí)不能用damage 或或destroy)。如：。如：My new dress is ruined spoiled. This unpleasant man with his endless complaints ruined spoiled my journey. 這個(gè)不討人喜歡的家伙，牢騷滿腹，使我這趟旅行很不愉快heroine n.女主人公；女英雄女主人公；女英雄

11、hero 英雄；男主人公 heroin 海洛因fiction n.小說小說（虛構(gòu), 編造）- 集合名詞, 小說的總稱, 不可數(shù) science fiction 科幻小說;popular fiction 通俗小說; eg. The line between fact and fiction is becoming blurred（adj. 模糊的，難辨的）. novel n.小說小說, 長篇故事（某一部具體的小說長篇故事（某一部具體的小說)varying adj.不同的；正在變化的；可變的不同的；正在變化的；可變的 vary vi.vt.改變改變, 變化變化 vary in size / sty

12、le / price Eg.The weather varies from day to day. 天氣一天天變化。work with varying degrees of enthusiasm 工作熱情忽高忽低to varying degrees 在不同程度上various adj.不同的不同的, 各種各樣的各種各樣的various kinds of 各種各樣的各種各樣的for various reasons 因?yàn)榉N種理由因?yàn)榉N種理由at various times 在不同的時(shí)期在不同的時(shí)期 medicine n.醫(yī)學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué) guestroom n.（家庭中的）來客住房（家庭中的）來客住房 u

13、npack vt.（從箱中）取出（從箱中）取出 drawer n. 抽屜抽屜stack v.（整齊地）堆放（整齊地）堆放, 排放排放 stack up 堆放堆放The housewife is stacking up the clothing.Stack the books up against the wall. be stacked with sth. 堆滿堆滿The floor was stacked with boxes. n.摞摞, 疊疊, 大堆大堆, 堆棧堆棧 a stack of papers 一摞報(bào)紙 a stack of books 一大堆書pile up 堆放（比較整齊地）

14、堆放（比較整齊地）heap up 堆放堆放 （雜亂地）（雜亂地）underclothes n.內(nèi)衣內(nèi)衣 underclothing n.內(nèi)衣, 貼身衣褲 underwear n.內(nèi)衣褲petrify v.使驚呆使驚呆 She stood there, petrified with fear. 她站在那里，嚇得目瞪口呆。petrified adj.感到震驚的 petrifying adj.令人震驚的I was petrified at the news. dangle v. 懸掛，垂掛，擺動(dòng)（上面常有兩個(gè)固定點(diǎn)）; 追求 The leaves dangled in the wind. He da

15、ngled the bone in front of the puppy. I dangled my feet in the clear blue water. dangle about sb. 追求某人dangle round sb. / sth. 追求某人；希望得到某物 Eg. She had several young men dangling round her.sway v. 搖擺（常指來回輕輕不規(guī)則搖擺）；支配；影響 sway back and forth（ =from side to side)前后左右擺動(dòng)sway gently 輕輕地?fù)u擺sway the minds of pe

16、ople 動(dòng)搖人心sway deeply / strongly 深刻地影響Eg. The wind swayed the branches.His resolution(決心） never sways.swing v. (以某固定點(diǎn)為中心，來回幅度相同）擺動(dòng)，轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，以某固定點(diǎn)為中心，來回幅度相同）擺動(dòng)，轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，揮舞揮舞 n. 秋千秋千Eg. The were swinging their arms. unsympathetic adj. 不表同情的 feel unsympathetic for sb. be sympathetic to / towards sb.offer sympathy t

17、o sb.sympathy letter 慰問信in sympathy = sympathetically medical adj. 醫(yī)學(xué)的TEXT We often read in novels how a seemingly respectable person or family has some terrible secret which has been concealed from strangers for years. How引導(dǎo)賓語從句 has some terrible secret = has a skeleton in the cupboard = has a skel

18、eton in the closet 家丑 which引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾secret seemingly adv.表面上地（= from appearance） - a seemingly respectable person 表面上受人尊敬的人 The English language possesses a vivid saying to describe this sort of situation. possess = own = have got to describe this sort of situation 來描述這種場(chǎng)景（做定語用來修飾saying） - The Engli

19、sh language possesses a vivid word to describe her beauty. At some dramatic moment in the story, the terrible secret becomes known and a reputation is ruined. Some 某一個(gè)（修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞）= a certain Ruin vt.毀壞, 毀滅（泛指概念, 表示毀壞的過程不是一下完成的） = spoil vt.搞糟, 寵壞 v.擾亂 - The rain ruined my holiday. = The rain spoiled my

20、 holiday. Destroy vt.破壞, 毀壞 v.消滅, 摧毀（完全摧毀, 不可修復(fù)） - To tell the patient the truth is to risk destroying his hope. - The earthquake destroyed almost the entire city. Damage vt.損害, 損壞, 使受損失（可以被修復(fù)） - The car is damaged and it is be repairing now. The readers hair stands on end when he reads that the her

21、oine, a dear old lady who , poisoned every one of ones hair stands on end 某人感到毛骨悚然 = sb. feel horrified （adj.帶有恐怖感的, 驚駭?shù)模?- My hair stands on end. 我感到毛骨悚然 set/make ones hair stands on end 使某人感到毛骨悚然 - horrid adj.恐怖的, 令人討厭的, 可怕的 - The horrid film really make my hair stands on end. in her youth 在她年輕的時(shí)候

22、 everyone （單獨(dú)用every和one連在一起） every one of （與of搭配every和one要分開） It is all very well for such things to occur in fiction. It is all very wellbut 好到是好, 但是 - It is all very well for you to suggest taking a few days rest, but how can finish our work in time? - It is all very well for them to ask me to do

23、it, but I am too busy. Occur vi.發(fā)生, 出現(xiàn)（某個(gè)事件出乎意料的、偶然的發(fā)生）- 比happen更正式 - When did the accident occur? It occurred to me to do / It occurred to me that - It occurred to me to open the window. Happen vi.發(fā)生, 碰巧, 偶然（某個(gè)事件出乎意料的、偶然的發(fā)生） - When did the accident happen? Take place v.發(fā)生, 舉行（事件根據(jù)安排而發(fā)生、舉行） - When w

24、ill the wedding take place? To varying degrees, we all have secrets which we do not want even our closest friends to learn, but To varying degrees 從不同的角度來講 Which引導(dǎo)定語從句, 修飾secret。 Learn 得知、了解某個(gè)事實(shí) / 學(xué)習(xí)某種知識(shí)、技能 - She is learning computers. 她正在學(xué)習(xí)電腦。（動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞） Know 知道某個(gè)事實(shí) / 具有某種知識(shí)、技能 / 了解某個(gè)人（狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞, 不能用進(jìn)行時(shí)） - S

25、he knows about computers. 她懂電腦 I once spent an uncomfortable weekend which I shall never forget at his house. Shall的用法：的用法： 1 (過去時(shí)should)(shall 可縮寫為 ll , shall not 常縮寫為 shant FB:nt, 美國人常用will代替) 2 用于主語為第一人稱單復(fù)數(shù), 表示單純將來 將要, 會(huì) - I shall be forty on my next birthday. 到下次生日, 我就滿四十歲。 - We shall be on holi

26、day at this time next week. 我們將于下星期這個(gè)時(shí)候度假。 - I shall ring you up as soon as I arrive. 我一到就給你打電話。 3 用于陳述句第二、三人稱, 表示說話者的意圖、警告、命令、決心等, 主語的行動(dòng)受講話者支配 必須, 應(yīng), 可 - He shall go. 他可以去。 - You shall have an answer by tomorrow. 到明天你可以得到答復(fù)。 - He shall have a bicycle for his birthday. 他可以得到一架自行車作為生日禮物。 - She shall

27、not enter my house again. 她不得再進(jìn)我家。 4 在問句中, 征 詢對(duì)方對(duì)于主語行動(dòng)的意見(提供幫助, 提出建議、要求給予指示和征求意見), 主要用于第一、三人稱. 好嗎? 要不要.? - Shall I carry your bag ? 我?guī)湍隳檬痔岚? 好嗎? - Shall he come to see you ? 要不要他來看你? 5 用于第三人稱, 在條約、規(guī)定、法令等文件中表示義務(wù)或規(guī)定應(yīng), 必須 - No reader shall remove a book from the library without consent of the librarian

28、. 非經(jīng)管理員同意, 讀者不準(zhǔn)把書帶出圖書館。 - The National Party Congress shall be convened every five years . 黨的全國代表大會(huì)每五年舉行一次。 6 在表示意圖、要求等的從句中 應(yīng)該, 要 - I wish that you shall stay at home tonight. 我希望今晚你留在家里。 - You say you will not do it, but I say you shall do it. 你說你不做這事, 但是我說, 你非做不可。 7 用于將來時(shí)態(tài)的間接引語, 與直接引語中的shall相應(yīng)將 -

29、He says that he shall will be glad to see you. (=He says, “I shall be glad to see you.”) 他說他將樂意來看你。I opened the cupboard door and then stood in front of it petrified. stand in front of sth petrified 站在前, 目瞪口呆 - We stood petrified as we felt the earthquake began. frighten vt.使驚嚇（在某個(gè)特定的場(chǎng)合受到驚嚇） - I was

30、 frighten by a large dog. terrified adj.恐懼的, 受驚嚇的（表示驚嚇的程度非常強(qiáng)烈） - I was terrified when the tiger went towards me. afraid adj.害怕, 擔(dān)心（表示一種狀態(tài), 永久性的恐懼） - The girl is afraid of mouse.The sudden movement of the door made it sway slightly and it gave me the impression that it was about to leap out at me. ga

31、ve me the impression that 給某人以的印象 that引導(dǎo)同位語從句, 進(jìn)一步說明impression的內(nèi)涵。 - He gave me the impression that he will help me every day. Be about to do sth 表示即將、就要（暗示動(dòng)作即將發(fā)生） - I was about to go to bed when there was a knock at the door. - We were just about to leave when you telephoned.（多與when連用） leap out at

32、sb 跳出來撲向某人Oh, that, he said with a smile as if he were talking about an old friend. 語法：（語法：（L21）as if 引導(dǎo)從句的虛擬語氣引導(dǎo)從句的虛擬語氣 As if / though引導(dǎo)表從和方式狀從分引導(dǎo)表從和方式狀從分3種情況種情況1）從句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，從句謂）從句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，從句謂v.用一般過去時(shí)用一般過去時(shí)“did”（be過去時(shí)過去時(shí)were） -她微笑著說一些事好像正在談?wù)撘晃焕吓笥选?-She says something with a smile as if she were talki

33、ng about an old friend.（方式狀從） -She looks as though she were sick.(表從） 2）與過去事實(shí)相反，從句謂v.用過去完成時(shí)“had done” -他談?wù)摻鹱炙孟袼娴囊娺^一樣。 -He talked about pyramids as though he had really seen them himself. 3)從句的情況將來發(fā)生可能性不大，從句謂從句的情況將來發(fā)生可能性不大，從句謂v.用用過去將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)“would do” -他說得好像他要出國似的。 -He talks as if he would go abroad

34、. 注：注： as if/ though 后面從句也可用直陳語氣，但表示的是可能發(fā)生的事或可能被設(shè)想為真實(shí)的情況 -It looks as if our side is going to win.分詞的特殊分詞的特殊表達(dá)方式表達(dá)方式：Even this was remarkable, considering that she had had so many delays.1.分詞+（that）從句，如：considering that ( = since that既然); seeing that(=since that既然); supposing that (=if假如); granting

35、/ granted that (= though 盡管); allowing that(考慮到)Supposing there was a war, what would you do?Granting that he has made a mistake, he is not to blame, for he intended to help us.2. 不及物動(dòng)詞的分詞+介詞，如：judging from (由來判斷）; talking of(談?wù)摰?; allowing for(考慮到)等在某些表達(dá)方式中，分詞短語的邏輯主語和句的主語不一在某些表達(dá)方式中，分詞短語的邏輯主語和句的主語不一致，但這已是約定俗成的，所以不認(rèn)為錯(cuò)。在應(yīng)