GMAT資料shmilyqiqi的AA作文模版

1、shmilyqiqi的aa tip：1. 我用的是800分大牛tonyadidas的aa 模版，但根據(jù)實(shí)際經(jīng)驗(yàn)，對各段稍作精簡（把拗口的一些詞、句式去掉），再排了序（挑出常考到的高頻理由）。2. aa無需它法，只要把這些理由背熟！我復(fù)習(xí)awa時(shí)間很少，但這些理由到現(xiàn)在還能脫口而出，靠平時(shí)上下班路上邊想邊背、反反復(fù)復(fù)背。3. 畫線處為經(jīng)典的段首、尾句式，請務(wù)必背熟、靈活運(yùn)用！因?yàn)楦鞫蝺?nèi)容可以現(xiàn)編，也常常編的是廢話反復(fù)說，但有了這樣漂亮的段首、尾來保障結(jié)構(gòu)，就安全多了。非常經(jīng)典的開頭、結(jié)尾看完題目就開始直接打這兩段，邊打邊想理由！（經(jīng)典）開頭段模板 the conclusion endorsed

2、in this argument is that. several reasons are offered in support of this argument. first of all, the author points out that. in addition, the author reasons that (whats more, he also assumes that ) at first glance, the authors argument appears to be somewhat convincing, but further reflection reveal

3、s that the conclusion is based on some dubious assumptions and the reasoning is biased due to the inadequacy and partiality in the nature of evidence provided to justify the conclusion. a careful examination would review how groundless this conclusion is. （經(jīng)典）結(jié)尾段模板to conclude, this argument is not p

4、ersuasive as it stands. accordingly, it is imprudent for the author to claim that. to make this argument logically acceptable, the author would have to show that. in addition, to solidify the conclusion, the author should provide concrete evidence as well to demonstrate that. only with more convinci

5、ng evidence could this argument become more than just an emotional appeal. （結(jié)尾中復(fù)述的理由就copy/paste開頭中的理由）高頻理由（按頻率由高到低排列）時(shí)序性因果攻擊firstly, the author is engaged in after this, therefore, because of this reasoning. the line of reasoning is that because a happened before b, the former caused the latter. how

6、ever, this reasoning is fallacious unless other possible causal factors have been considered and ruled out. for example, perhaps c. as a result, any decision aimed at addressing the problem of b must be based on a more thorough investigation to gather data in order to narrow down and locate the actu

7、al cause of b.同時(shí)性因果攻擊secondly, the authors solution rests on the assumption that a is the cause of b just because a coincided with b. however, a mere positional correlation does not necessarily prove a causal relationship. in addition, all other prospective causes of b, such as c and d, must be rule

8、d out. without detailed analysis of the real source of b, it would be groundless to attribute b to a.錯(cuò)誤類比攻擊additionally, it is highly doubtful that strategies drawn from a are applicable to b. however, differences between these two clearly outweigh the similarities, therefore making the analogy much

9、 less valid. for example, c and d all affect a but virtually absent in b. accordingly, we can see that a and b are so dissimilar that b is unlikely to experience the same consequence if it adopts as strategies.非此即彼攻擊last but not least, the author unfairly assumes that a reader must make a either-or

10、choice. however, the argument fails to rule out possibility that adjusting a and b might produce better results. moreover, if the author is wrong in the assumption that a and b are the only causes of the problem, thus the most effective solution might include a complex of other factorssuch as c and

11、d. in any event, the author provides no justification for the mutually exclusive choice imposed on the reader.必要性攻擊in the first place, the author unfairly assumes that b was determined solely by a. while a is a seemingly important element in determining b, it is hardly the only or even necessarily r

12、equired element. this assumption overlooks other crucial criteria in determining bsuch as c, d. without accounting for these potential factors, the author concludes too hastily that is the best way to achieve goals.充分性攻擊in the second place, the authors solution rests on the assumption that a is suff

13、icient to give birth to the desired goals. however, if it turns out that b is due to a combination of factors, some of which will remain unchanged in the future, such as c and d, only a might have no impact on b.選擇性樣本攻擊 a threshold problem is that the author provides no evidence to claim that the ge

14、neral group as a whole is of the same characteristic. the example cited, while suggestive of this trend, is insufficient to warrant that the sample is representative of the whole group. for example, i question thattherefore, such evidence would be obviously unrepresentative. in fact, in face of such

15、 limited evidence, it is fallacious for the author to draw any conclusion at all. (與“選擇性樣本攻擊”較類似) 樣本代表性攻擊moreover, a possible methodology problem in the argument is that it is of bias. the term so many is too vague to be statistically meaningful. it is very possible that workers who were more intere

16、sted in the survey might be likely to respond to the questionnaire. lacking in the information about the number of workers surveyed and the number of respondents, it is impossible to assess the validity of the survey. for instance, if 1000 workers were surveyed but only 10 responded, the result shou

17、ld be highly suspect. because the author fails to account for other interpretations, the survey would be useless in concluding that.其他理由 忽略他因攻擊thirdly, the author has focused only on a. a more detailed analysis would reveal that other factors far outweigh the factor on which the author focuses. for

18、example, c. lacking a more comprehensive analysis of the causes, it is presumptuous for the author to claim that a solely determined b.因果倒置攻擊at last, it is possible that the author has confused cause with effect. perhaps a was a response to b. since the author fails to account for this possibility,

19、the claim that is completely unwarranted.樣本數(shù)量攻擊 another problem that seriously weakens the logic of this argument is that the survey cited is based on too small a sample to be reliable. offered in support of the argument, the only evidence is that. unless it can be shown that the sample is typical o

20、f all general group, the fact that is groundless to claim thatloaded question和誠實(shí)性攻擊 whats more, the methodology of the survey is problematic for two reasons. for one thing, we are not informed whether the survey provided only 3 alternatives. if it did, the respondents, who might very well prefer ano

21、ther choice not provided in the survey, might be forced to give up their preferences. for another thing, we are not informed whether the survey responses were anonymous or confidential. the respondents might supply responses favored by their superiors who might conduct the survey. both events would

22、lead this survey unreliable, let alone draw the conclusion that樣本時(shí)效性攻擊last but not least, another flaw that significantly undermines this argument is that the author neglects to indicate how recently the survey was actually conducted. when used to generally claim a particular group, the samples shou

23、ld be close enough to support the generalization, in order to prevent historical changes from invalidating the generalization. all we know is that the survey is recently published. the less recent the survey itself, the less reliable the results to demonstrate that差異概念攻擊to begin with, we must establ

24、ish the meaning of the vague concept a. if the term were synonymous with b, the evidence cited would strongly support the argument. however, a may be defined in other terms such as c and d. accordingly, the author has drawn the conclusion too hastily due to the ignorance of other definitions of a.范圍

25、內(nèi)推攻擊 whats more, the most egregious reasoning error in this argument is that the author uses evidence pertaining to a general group on the basis of a particular b. even if the reasoning may be sound in general sense, the particular situation in which b is involved may not be representative of the en

26、tire general group. it is possible that. if this is the case, the claim that is ill founded.不隨時(shí)變攻擊moreover, the author unfairly assumes that a will remain unchanged over the next decades. however, a mere recent one-year a is insufficient to claim that. statistics from such limited anecdotal evidence

27、 is not a good indicator for this trend. in addition, it is possible that in the future, this trend would greatly fluctuate or even reverse, then the adoption of the authors proposal might give birth to b, however, it might also have a negative impact on c1 and, in turns, c2. admittedly, this argume

28、nt would be even weaker and weaker each day as time goes by.the author concludes in this argument that in general, people are not as concerned as they were a decade ago about regulating their intake of red meat and fatty cheeses. several reasons are offered in supports of the conclusion. first of al

29、l, the author points out that, a store that started selling organic fruits and vegetables and whole-grain flours in the 1960s also offer a wide selection of cheeses made with high butterfat content. in addition, he also points out that the owners of an old vegetarian restaurant are still making a mo

30、dest living, while the owners of the new house of beef across the street are millionaires. the argument is unconvicing for several reasons.in the first place, the author depent on the gratuitous assumption that find a wide selection of cheeses made with hign butterfat content in a store that started

31、 selling organic fruits and vegetables and whole-grain flours is sufficient to draw the conclusion. however, no evidence is stated in the argument to support this conclusion. in fact, it is not necessarily the case. for example, a wide selection of cheeses just suggest that the store apply them, but

32、 does not mean that many people will buy the cheeses. it is possible that the store fails to take into account the consumers demand and just supplies the goods that few people would buy. without proving that many people would buy the cheeses, the author concludes to hastly that people are not as con

33、cerned as they were a devade ago about regulating their intake of red meat and fatty cheese. 待添加的隱藏文字內(nèi)容2in the second place, the author unfairly assumes that the fact that the owners of the good earth cafe are still making a modest living while the owners of the new house of beef across the street a

34、re millionaires suggerst that more people engoy red meat and fatty cheeses now. however, the asumption is falicious because the author fails to provide more concrete information about the two restaurants owners. for example, it is possible that the owners of the new house of beef had been millionair

35、es before they opened the restaurant, thus making the assumption much less valid.to sum up, the argument is not convicing as it stands. accordinglly, it is imprudent for the author to concusion that in general, people are not as concerned as they were a decade ago about regulating their intake of re

36、d meat and fatty cheeses. to make this argument logically acceptable, the author should have to point out that many people will buy the cheeses supplied by the store. to solidify the conclusion, he should base on a more concrete evedence to demonstrate that more people engoy red meat and fatty chees

37、es now.which is a better way to evaluate job candidates-the employers shold use the traditional question-and-answer interviews or should observe candidates as they perform some of the jobs actual tasks? to some extent, i agree with the authors assetion that emplyers should observe candidates as they

38、 perform some of the jobs actual tasks. however, the author unnecessarily extends the broad assertion to an irreversible extreme while overlooks other important factors that may affect the issue. my points of agreement and contention with the author involve the deep and basic discussion as follow.on

39、 the one hand, the most convincing reacon supporting the authors assertion is that observing candidates as they perform some of the jobs actual task can obtain a more concrete information about whether the candidates are suitable for the job. moreover, the traditonal question-and-answer interviews s

40、ometimes are too subjective. for example, the employer may be affected by the candidates behavior, suits, and so on. whats more, some candidates with highly knowledge are sometimes very nervous in the interview, thus performing very poor in the interview. therefore, it is sagacious to admit that, the authors assertion, although suffers from some drawbacks, has some merits primarily be