人教新課標(biāo)英語(yǔ)第一輪模塊復(fù)習(xí)-必修一Unit5NelsonMandela

1、Unit5Unit5Nelson Mandela a modern hero Nelson Mandela a modern hero 1、active adj. 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞義(1) She may over 80, but she still very active. (2) She has been active in raising money for the new school building for Hope Project. (3) I cant tell whether it is an active volcano. 根據(jù)語(yǔ)義找匹配A. 積極的B. 喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)；愛好運(yùn)動(dòng)C.

2、 活躍的(1) B(2) A(3)C1、active adj. act n&v. 行為，舉動(dòng)，行動(dòng) action n. 行為，做法activity n. 活動(dòng) actor/ actress n. 男/女演員activist n. 積極分子；活動(dòng)家 鏈接be active in在方面活躍，積極參加take an active part in積極參加take action to do sth. 對(duì)采取行動(dòng)短語(yǔ)1、active adj. 用act的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)He takes an active part in the fighting against pollution and take a

3、 firm and effective action to prevent pollution. (2)We are always active in outofclass activities every day. 1、active adj. 2、reward n&vt. 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞義(1) Its a reward for virtue. (2) a reward of $900 for catching the criminal(3) It is unfair that he gets very little in reward for his hard work. (4) How c

4、an I reward your kindness? 根據(jù)語(yǔ)義找匹配：A. 酬謝B. 報(bào)酬C. 酬金D. 回報(bào)(1) D(2) C(3) B(4) A2、reward n&vt. in reward (for) in return (for) 作為(對(duì)的)報(bào)酬、報(bào)答 give/ offer a reward to sb. for sth. 為給某人報(bào)酬、賞金 reward sb. for (doing) sth. 因報(bào)答/獎(jiǎng)賞某人 reward sb. with sth. for sth./doing sth. 用報(bào)答/獎(jiǎng)賞某人短語(yǔ)2、reward n&vt. reward/award/pri

5、ze reward表示“獎(jiǎng)賞，酬謝”，動(dòng)詞只能以人或人的行為作賓語(yǔ)，名詞表示某人因做了某事而應(yīng)得到某東西。 award 作名詞指正式或官方“給予，頒發(fā)，授予(獎(jiǎng)?wù)拢?jiǎng)金等)”，往往用來獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)在工作中達(dá)到一定成就的人，重在強(qiáng)調(diào)榮譽(yù)而不在于獎(jiǎng)品的大小或獎(jiǎng)金的多少，也可以指法庭裁決；作動(dòng)詞可以，構(gòu)成award sb. sth.句型， 表示“把某物授予/判給某人”。辨析2、reward n&vt. prize 只能作名詞，表示“獎(jiǎng)賞，獎(jiǎng)金，獎(jiǎng)品”，尤指在比賽中獲得的榮譽(yù)。 He was awarded the first prize for “Outstanding Industrial Design”

6、. In this months competition you could win a prize worth $3,000. 巧記：巧記：reward與award也可從結(jié)構(gòu)上區(qū)分： reward sb. for sth. award sb. sth. 2、reward n&vt. 辨析 單項(xiàng)填空 ()(1) His movie won several _ at the film festival, which was beyond his wildest dream. A. rewards B. awards C. prizes D. gains2、reward n&vt. B考查名詞語(yǔ)義

7、辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，它注重的是對(duì)工作成就上的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，所以答案是B。 ()(2) We will offer a(n)_ of ten thousand dollars for information about the case. A. award B. prize C. reward D. praise2、reward n&vt. C考查名詞語(yǔ)義辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，它側(cè)重對(duì)做某事的獎(jiǎng)賞，所以答案是C。 () (3) The girl got nothing in_for her kindness, which made her very sad. A. prize B. award C. medals

8、 D. reward2、reward n&vt. D考查名詞語(yǔ)義辨析和搭配。按照句意應(yīng)該是做好事的報(bào)答，in reward for 為報(bào)答。3、 equal adj. 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞義(1) Are you equal to (doing) the task? (2) Yao Ming is a basketball player without equal in China. (3) None of us can equal her in diligence. (4) All people are born equal. 根據(jù)語(yǔ)義找匹配A比得上B同等/相等的人或物C勝任D. 平等的 (1) C

9、(2) B(3) A(4) D3、 equal adj. be equal to 與相等be equal with 與平等be equal to sth./ doing sth. 勝任某事/ 做某事短語(yǔ)3、 equal adj. A equals B. A等于B。be without equal/have no equal 無(wú)與倫比句型 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境用equal的恰當(dāng)形式填空 Equal pay for equal work. Thats our rule. If we cant treat every client equally， we will break the equality in o

10、ur company. 3、 equal adj. be fit 與be equal都有“適合于”的意思，它們的區(qū)別是什么？從下面例子中對(duì)比感悟：He is welleducated, so he is fit for the job. He is welleducated, so he is fit to do the job. He is welleducated, so he is equal to the job. He is welleducated, so he is equal to doing the job. 3、 equal adj. 它們句式搭配不一樣：be fit fo

11、r n. / to do sth. be equal to n. / doing sth.4、 escape vi.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞義(1) They managed to escape from the enemy soldiers and flee to Switzerland. (2) The back seat passengers escaped death by inches. (3) Ive met him before, but his name escaped me. 根據(jù)語(yǔ)義找匹配：A. 逃脫B. 避開C. 記不起來 (1) A(2) B(3)C4、 escape vi.esc

12、ape from 從逃脫；逃避 escape death 死里逃生escape ones notice 沒注意 narrow escape 九死一生短語(yǔ)There is no escaping the fact that不可否認(rèn)的是句型 單項(xiàng)填空 ()Mike often attempted to escape_whenever he breaks traffic regulations. A. having been fined B. to have been fined C. to be fined D. being fined4、 escape vi. D考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。escape后只

13、接動(dòng)名詞。又由于非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作并不發(fā)生在escape之前，所以答案是D。4、 escape vi.5、advise v. (1)I have advised_you_on that subject. 在那個(gè)問題上，我給過你建議。(2)Christie advises_us_to practise oral English as often as possible. Christie建議我們要盡可能多地練口語(yǔ)。(3)I advise_that you (should) not eat fruit that isnt ripe. 我建議你不要吃那些沒有熟的水果。adviser n. 顧問；咨詢師

14、 advice n. 建議；意見advisable adj. 可取的；明智的advisedly adj. 深思熟慮地鏈接5、advise v. a piece of advice 一條建議go to sb. for advice ask sb. for advice 向某人尋求建議；征詢某人的意見短語(yǔ)5、advise v. give advice to sb. on sth. 就對(duì)某人提供建議follow sb.s advice take sb.s advice 接受某人的建議advise sb. on sth. 就給某人出主意 advise n. /pron. 建議advise sb. to

15、 do sth. 建議某人干 advise (ones) doing sth. 建議(某人)干advise (that) sb. (should) doadvise sb. of 把報(bào)告(通知)某人短語(yǔ) 單項(xiàng)填空 ()(1) The teachers often _ us making full use of time to study English. A. persuade B. advise C. suggest D. recommend 5、advise v. C考查動(dòng)詞搭配。由于動(dòng)詞后使用了sb. doing sth.。唯suggest有此句型搭配，所以答案是C。 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境用可與ad

16、vice搭配的正確的動(dòng)詞填空(2)Wed better ask the students for some good advice on teaching. Since they have given so much good advice, we must follow it. 5、advise v. 6、lose heart 喪失勇氣或信心 (1)He failed many times, but he didnt lose_heart. 他失敗了許多次，但他并沒有失去信心。(2)No matter what you do, never lose_heart. 不管你做什么，千萬(wàn)不要失去信

17、心。6、lose heart 喪失勇氣或信心 lose ones job 失業(yè) lose ones balance 失去平衡lose ones breath上氣不接下氣 lose ones heart (to sb./sth.) 愛上lose ones life 喪生； 遇害 lose face 丟臉； 受屈辱短語(yǔ)翻譯句子(1)不要失去信心，一切都會(huì)好起來的。 Dont lose heart, and all will turn out well. (2)她喜歡上了一位年輕士兵。 She lost her heart to a young soldier. 6、lose heart 喪失勇氣或

18、信心 7、we were put into a position in_which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government. (P34) 我們被置于這樣一種境地，或者是被迫承認(rèn)我們低人一等，或者是與政府作斗爭(zhēng)。 這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，in which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞position。類似的名詞還有situation, stage, case等。這一結(jié)構(gòu)是“介詞關(guān)系代詞which/whom”， 在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于關(guān)系副詞when, where和why，如： He

19、 is the boss of the restaurant where ( in which) we often have lunch. Today when ( on which) the product will be put into use will come soon. The reason why( for which) he was late for school was unbelievable.(1)關(guān)系代詞前介詞的選擇 最快捷的方式是把先行詞代入到從句中的狀語(yǔ)位置，加什么介詞使從句正確，我們就用什么介詞。 單項(xiàng)填空 ()(1) Never shall I forget t

20、he day C we worked together in the country. ()(2) Never shall I forget the days D we worked together in the country. A. that B. as C. on which D. in which C; D由于the day和the days都無(wú)法直接代入到從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，我們就把它放在狀語(yǔ)的位置，題(1)加介詞on構(gòu)成on the day，所以答案是C。題(2)加介詞in構(gòu)成in the days，所以答案是D。(2) 關(guān)系詞的選擇 完全取決于先行詞。當(dāng)先行詞是人時(shí)，就用wh

21、om; 當(dāng)先行詞是物時(shí)，就用which。 單項(xiàng)填空 ()(3) The person with A I talked is our new teacher. ()(4) By nine oclock，all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, above D appeared a rare rainbow soon. A. whom B. what C. that D. which A；D考查“介詞關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。 題(1)，由于先行詞是人，所以答案是A；題(2)，由于先行詞是the t

22、op，指物，所以答案是D。(3)“不定代詞 of whom/which”與“不定代詞 of them” 它們的選擇有兩種情況：一是看后一部分是不是句子，不是就用“不定代詞 of them”構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。二是后一部分構(gòu)成句子，這時(shí)我們就要看其前是否有連詞，有，就用“不定代詞 of them”；沒有且是逗號(hào)，就用“不定代詞 of whom/which ”。 單項(xiàng)填空 ()(5) There stand many towers on the top of the hill, some of _ built more than 1,000 years ago. A. them B. what C.

23、 which D. that A考查定語(yǔ)從句與獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的辨析。由于后一部分不能構(gòu)成句子，所以使用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，答案是A。 ()(6) (2010浙江)The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of A left their village homes for a better life in the city. ()(7) The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people and many of C left their village homes for a better life i

24、n the city. A. whom B. which C. them D. those A；C考查定語(yǔ)從句與并列句的辨析。句意為：這里居住著將近1000人，他們中的許多人都背井離鄉(xiāng)去城市追求更好的生活。題(6)由many之后的逗號(hào)和選項(xiàng)特征可知，此處是主從句關(guān)系，排除C、D項(xiàng)。由于先行詞是“1,000 people”，表示人，故用whom，所以答案是A。題(7)由于兩句之間有and連接，是并列句，所以答案是C。(4) “the n. of which”或“of which the n”結(jié)構(gòu) 一般說來，whose n. 都可以轉(zhuǎn)化為“the n. of which”或“of which th

25、e n”結(jié)構(gòu)。()(8)(2008陜西)The man pulled out a gold watch, _ were made of small diamonds. A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands ofC. which the hands of D. the hands of which D考查定語(yǔ)從句。watch是物，故定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞不可用whom，可排除A、B兩項(xiàng)。由句意可知，空格處可填入whose hands或the hands of which或of which the hands表示所屬關(guān)系。 ()(9)(2010江蘇)The new

26、lybuilt caf， the walls of_ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work. A. that B. it C. what D. which D考查定語(yǔ)從句。由句意可知它所表示的是“咖啡屋的墻”，構(gòu)成whose walls，它可以轉(zhuǎn)化為the walls of which或of which the walls，所以答案是D。8、only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. (P3

27、4) 只是在那時(shí)我們才決定以暴制暴。 only 放在句首且后接狀語(yǔ)(副詞 / 介詞短語(yǔ) / 狀語(yǔ)從句)時(shí)，要使用部分倒裝，即將主句助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)前。 Only yesterday did his father tell him the truth, which was a big surprise to him. 昨天他父親才把真相告訴他， 這對(duì)他真是個(gè)令人吃驚的消息。 Only by shouting was he able to make people on the other side of the river hear him. 他只有靠大聲喊才能使河對(duì)岸的人們聽到他

28、的聲音。 Only when we make more effort, can we catch up with others. 只有我們加倍的努力，我們才能趕上別人。 單項(xiàng)填空 ()(1) Only then_how much damage had been caused. A. she realized B. she had realized C. had she realized D. did she realize D“only 狀語(yǔ)”放在句首時(shí)，主句部分要用部分倒裝，再根據(jù)時(shí)間then判斷主句應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，所以用did she realize。 ()(2) _ by keeping

29、 down cost will PowerData hold its advantage over other companies. A. Only B. Just C. Still D. Yet A四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只用“only 狀語(yǔ)”放在句首時(shí)，主句才用部分倒裝。9、Elias went to see Nelson Mandela when he was_in_trouble. (P35)當(dāng)伊萊亞斯遇到困難的時(shí)候，他就去找納爾遜曼德拉。這里的be in trouble 意為“處于不幸(苦惱，困境)之中”。 “be prep. n” 是一個(gè)常用句型，名詞前不能用冠詞。介詞的選擇依據(jù)：(1) 表語(yǔ)

30、用來說明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)，常用介詞ofThe book you have bought to me is of great use. (2) 表語(yǔ)用來說明主語(yǔ)的用途，常用介詞forThe tallest building in our city is for the TV station. (3) 表語(yǔ)與主語(yǔ)形成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用介詞underThe expressway to Beijing is under construction. (4)也可用來表示狀態(tài)或情形，這里的介詞可以用 in, at或on等，此時(shí)的介詞無(wú)規(guī)律可言，因此需要強(qiáng)記。常見的搭配有：inin pain 痛苦地 in order整齊

31、地in anger憤怒地 in poverty在貧困中in a hurry匆忙地 in work 有工作atat peace處于和平狀態(tài) at work上班at table吃飯 at desk辦公at ease輕松 onon business出差 on holiday度假on strike罷工 on duty值日get into trouble 陷入困境 ask for trouble 自尋煩惱m(xù)ake trouble 惹是生非；搗亂短語(yǔ) trouble about 為費(fèi)心 trouble sb. with sth. 因使某人憂慮 have trouble with sth. 在某事上有困難

32、have trouble (in) doing sth. 在做某事上有困難 take trouble to do sth. 不辭勞苦地做；不厭其煩地做 put sb. to the trouble of(doing) sth. 為(做)某事而使某人犯難短語(yǔ) Whats the trouble with？ 怎么了；有毛??？句型10、I felt bad the_first_time I talked to a group. (P38) 第一次給旅行團(tuán)作講解時(shí)，我的心情很不好。 句中的the first time是連詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“第一次” They fell into love the

33、 first time they came across each other. 他們第一次邂逅就相愛了/他們一見鐘情。the first time/for the first timethe first time 是連接詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。I was deeply touched the first time I read his story. for the first time 是介詞短語(yǔ)充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)。I met him at the school gate for the first time. 巧記：巧記： 后接從句就用the first time; 后沒有從句就用 for the first time。辨析(1)名詞或名詞短語(yǔ)作連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的有：the moment; the minute; the instant表示：“一就”，相當(dāng)于as soon as。相似用法的還有：every time每次/回就 each time每當(dāng)時(shí)next time下次時(shí) any time(在)任何時(shí)間(2)有時(shí)副詞或副詞短語(yǔ)也可充當(dāng)連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，它們是：instantly, immediately, directly等，都相當(dāng)于as soon as。by the time引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“到了時(shí)候就”鏈接 單項(xiàng)填空 ()(1)_