現代大學英語精讀2第10課

1、Book 2-10 PompeiiRobert SilverbergR einforcementT ext AnalysisPompeiiB ackgroundW arming upUnit 10Questions / ActivitiesCheck-on PreviewObjectivesWBTRHalf a DayUnit 1Warming upWarming upQuestions / ActivitiesWBTR Why does the author call Pompeii a strange city? What happened to the city? What was th

2、e city like before it was destroyed? What are some other natural disasters in world history that you have learned about?Check-on Preview Match the words with their correct meaning in the text. 1. hurl2. graze3. cram4. intact5. mighty6. shattera. very strong or powerful b. to suddenly break into smal

3、l piecesc. to throw violently in a particular directione. to eat grass growing in a fieldf. to push sb./sth. into a small placeg. complete and not damagedWBTRWarming upKey: c, e, f, g, a, bObjectives Understand the structure and the general idea of the text Know something about the history of Pompei

4、i and what happened in AD 79 Be able to use specific verbs to describe things Be able to create a dominant impression by using words about five senses Know something about natural disasters like volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, tornado etc.WBTRWarming upBackgroundCulture TipsAuthorHalf a DayUnit 10B

5、WTRBackgroundAuthorRobert Silverberg (born January 15, 1935) is an American author, best known for writing science fiction. In 1956 he graduated from Columbia University, having majored in Comparative Literature.His LifeBWTRCulture Tips Naples is the capital of Campania and the third-largest city in

6、 Italy, after Rome and Milan. It has a population of nearly 1 million within its administrative limits on a land area of 117.3 km2 (45 sq mi). The urban area of Naples extends beyond the administrative city limits, with a population of above 3 million. The city of Pompeii is a partially buried Roman

7、 town-city near modern Naples. Pompeii was partially destroyed and buried under 4 to 6 m (13 to 20 ft) of ash and pumice in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79, and it was lost for nearly 1700 years before its accidental rediscovery in 1749. Since then, its excavation has provided an extraordina

8、rily detailed insight into the life of a city during the Pax Romana. Today, this UNESCO World Heritage Site is one of the most popular tourist attractions of Italy, with approximately 2,500,000 visitors every year. Culture TipsPompeii the last day A multidisciplinary study of the eruption products a

9、nd victims indicates that at Vesuvius and surrounding towns heat was the main cause of death of people, previously believed to have died by ash suffocation. The results of the study, published in 2010, show that exposure to at least 250 C hot surges at a distance of 10 kilometres from the vent was s

10、ufficient to cause instant death, even if people were sheltered within buildings. Culture TipsMount Vesuvius Mount Vesuvius is best known for its eruption in AD 79 that led to the burying and destruction of the Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum. They were never rebuilt, although surviving town

11、speople and probably looters did undertake extensive salvage work after the destructions. The towns locations were eventually forgotten until their accidental rediscovery in the 18th century.Pompeii, with Vesuvius towering aboveCulture TipsVesuvius from plane Culture TipsInside the crater of Vesuviu

12、sJupiter is the king of the gods and the god of sky and thunder. Jupiter was the chief deity of Roman state religion throughout the Republican and Imperial eras, until the Empire came under Christian rule. Jupiter is thought to have originated as a sky god. His identifying implement is the thunderbo

13、lt, and his primary sacred animal is the eagle, which held precedence over other birds in the taking of auspices and became one of the most common symbols of the Roman army. Culture TipsApollo is one of the most important and complex of the Olympian deities in ancient Greek and Roman religion, Greek

14、 and Roman mythology. Apollo has been variously recognized as a god of light and the sun, truth and prophecy, healing, plague, music, poetry, and more. Apollo is the son of Zeus and Leto, and has a twin sister, the chaste huntress Artemis. Culture Tips Isis is a goddess in Ancient Egyptian religious

15、 beliefs. She was worshipped as the ideal mother and wife as well as the patron of nature and magic. She was the friend of slaves, sinners, artisans, and the downtrodden, and she listened to the prayers of the wealthy, maidens, aristocrats, and rulers. Isis is also known as protector of the dead and

16、 goddess of children. The name Isis means Throne. Her headdress is a throne. As the personification of the throne, she was an important representation of the pharaohs power. The pharaoh was depicted as her child, who sat on the throne she provided.Culture TipsDetailedAnalysisStructureHalf a DayUnit

17、1Text AnalysisTWBRText AnalysisStructure1Para. 1-7A brief account of Pompeii before and after August 24, AD79. 2Para. 8-9A detailed description of what happened on the day of the eruption.TWBRText AnalysisDetailed AnalysisMain IdeaSentence ParaphraseWords & ExpressionsExercisePart I Part IITWBR What

18、 was the city like before the eruption? What were people in Pompeii doing before the eruption? IF the city had not been destroyed by the volcanic eruption, what would it be like today?Part I: Main IdeaText AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart I: Words & ExpressionsWordsPhrasesSentence PatternGrammareruptst

19、rikeperishshroudintactclattershimmerno othercome downhide frombreak throughbe in placecome to lifebe in portclear awaythe day + that clause To do is to do.is all one needs to do.inversionstrike (para. 4) to cause a person or place to suffer severely from the effects of something very unpleasant that

20、 happens suddenly Ive got a life insurance policy that will look after my family if disaster strikes. The disease has struck the whole community, sometimes wiping out whole families. They predict that a large earthquake will strike the east coast before the end of the decade. Detailed AnalysisPart I

21、: Words and Expressionperish (para. 4) to die, especially in an accident or by being killed, or to be destroyed Three hundred people perished in the earthquake. He believes that Europe must create closer ties or it will perish. Publish or perish is a phrase coined to describe the pressure in academi

22、a to rapidly and continuously publish academic work to sustain or further ones career.Detailed Analysisa rain of sth.(para. 4) a rain of sth.: a large number of thins that fall from the sky at the same time.例如：例如：A rain of abuse has been heaped upon him. 他遭到好一頓咒罵。 這類用法屬于暗喻（metaphor），相似例子如下： A storm

23、of applause rose from the audience. 觀眾一陣喝彩。 The charges touched off a storm of protest. 那些指控激起了猛烈的抗議。Detailed Analysisshimmer (para. 6) to shine in such a way that the light seems to shake slightly and quickly She could see her reflection in the water, shimmering in the moonlight. Compare shimmer wi

24、th other verbs like sparkle, twinkle and glisten. Detailed Analysisshroud (para. 5) a layer of something which covers or surrounds something Everything was covered in a thick shroud of dust. The truth about the accident remains hidden beneath a shroud of secrecy.Detailed Analysisrestore sth. to sth.

25、 (para. 7) The stolen goods were all restored to their owners. 被偷竊的東西都歸還給原主了。 The house has been restored to its original splendour. 這座房子已經恢復了當初的光彩。 The city was finally restored to tranquility. 這座城市最后恢復了平靜。 After years of neglecting, the palace has been restored to its former glory. 經過若干年的沉寂，這座宮殿恢復

26、了以往的壯麗。Detailed AnalysisBeneath the protecting shroud of ash, the city lay intact. (para 5.) The city remained as it had been before the eruption. It had been protected by the think layer of ash that buried the city deep.Detailed AnalysisPart I: Sentence ParaphraseA good imagination is all you need

27、to restore it to activity. (para. 7)If you have a good imagination you will be able to imagine what was going on the sights, sounds, smells and activities of a busy, prosperous Roman town.Detailed Analysis1. 在我的學校里沒有別的美國人了。2. 他們最近已經從倫敦搬到鄉(xiāng)村來住。 3. 你是不是有什么事要瞞著我？4. 不久，綠色的嫩芽就會破土而出。5. 書都放得整整齊齊，井井有條。 6. 一個

28、年輕女孩翻閱著家庭相冊，童年記憶重回眼前。7. 我們的工作是清除這些垃圾。 Translate the following sentences into English.Detailed AnalysisPart I: Exercises1. There are no other Americans in my school.2. Theyve recently come down from London to live in the village.3. Are you trying to hide something from me?4. Soon, tiny green shoots w

29、ill break through the soils surface.5. The books were all neatly in place, carefully arranged.6. A young girls childhood memories come to life as she thumbs through her family photograph album.7. Our job is to clear away the rubbish.Suggested answersDetailed AnalysisPart II: Main Idea What did peopl

30、e do after eruption? What caused the greatest loss of life? Did anyone survive the volcanic eruption? How did they manage to do it? What would you do if you had been there in Pompeii?Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Words & Expressionsbreak looseblow upbranch outdie awaygo bybe at handmake one

31、s waybe in storelose consciousnessshower of stonesWordsPhrasesSentence PatternGrammarvine-coveredsummitreverberatepumiceoverwhelmclusterpast participle as attributivesummit (para. 9) Other popular usages of summit:1. an important formal meeting between leaders of governments from two or more countri

32、es a summit meeting World leaders will meet next week for their annual economic summit. 2. the highest, most successful or most important point in something I certainly havent reached the summit of my career. Detailed AnalysisPart II: Words and Expressionreverberate(para. 13)LITERARY If a loud deep

33、sound reverberates, it continues to be heard around an area, so that the area seems to shake The narrow street reverberated with/to the sound of the workmens drills. Detailed Analysisoverwhelm (para. 18) The village was overwhelmed by ash from the volcano. 村子被火山灰覆蓋。 When he saw the dressmakers daugh

34、ter, he was overwhelmed by her beauty. 當他見到了裁縫師的女兒，馬上就對她的美貌為之傾倒。 I was overwhelmed by the sight of the tomb. 我為這陵墓的景象所懾服。 If one was overwhelmed by passion, it could lead to serious blunders. 當人的感情完全淹沒理智時，就可能鑄成大錯。Detailed Analysiscluster (para. 19) a group of similar things that are close together,

35、sometimes surrounding something Have a look at the cluster of galaxies in this photograph. There was a cluster of fans around him, asking for autographs. Detailed Analysis The sound of the explosion died away, but it still reverberated in everyones ears. (para. 13) Even when the loud sound stopped,

36、people did not recover from the shock.Detailed AnalysisPart II: Sentence Paraphrase An hour went by and darkness still shrouded everything. (para. 14) An hour passed, things did not improve and darkness covered everything.Detailed Analysis Rushing throngs, blinded by the darkness and the smoke, rush

37、ed up one street and down the next, trampling the fallen in a crazy fruitless dash toward safety. (para. 17) People panicked. They rushed into the streets to escape the falling buildings. It was dark and the air was full of smoke so they could not see where they are going. They rushed up one street and down the next in a hopeless attempt to reach safety. In their blind rush they ran over the bodies of people who had fallen down.Detailed AnalysisTranslate the following sentences into English.1.一股巨大的力量即