初三春季講義六

1、 伊頓讓每個學生更優(yōu)秀！ MORE FOCUS.MORE EXCELLENT! 第八講 副詞一、【知識梳理】（一）副詞的位置和語法功能1. 頻度副詞的位置和語法功能頻度副詞一般放在行為動詞之前，助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或be 動詞之后。句中有多個助動詞時，頻度副詞通常放在第一個助動詞之后。通常在句中做狀語。常見的頻度副詞有：always總是；hardly幾乎不；never很少。e always dreamed of becoming a doctor.他總是夢想成為一名醫(yī)生。2. 地點副詞和時間副詞的位置和語法功能表示時間或地點的副詞一般放在句尾，有時也位于句中或句首，地點副詞在前，時間副詞在后。在句

2、中都做狀語，常見的時間副詞有： now現在；then那時；later隨后。She is studying in England now.她現在在英國學習。3. 程度副詞的位置和語法功能程度副詞一般放在被修飾的形容詞或副詞之前，助動詞、情態(tài)動詞be 動詞之后。通常在句中做狀語，起加強語氣的作用。常見的程度副詞有：almost幾乎；enough足夠的； very非常。Hes almost eight feet tall.他差不多8英尺高。4方式副詞的位置和語法功能方式副詞一般在動詞之后，有時也在動詞之前。通常在句中做狀語。常見的方式副詞有：carefully細心的；successfully成功的；

3、warmly熱心的。 As long as you drive carefully, you will be very safe. 只要你小心開車，你就會很安全。5疑問副詞、關系副詞的位置和語法功能這些副詞通常都放在句子的開頭，一般在句中做狀語。這些副詞有：how多么；when什么時候； where在哪里；why為什么。Thats why I left so early. 那就是我這么早離開的原因。（二）副詞的比較等級副詞的比較級和最高級的構成多數副詞也和形容詞一樣有比較級和最高級，其變化形式和形容詞的比較級和最高級相同。注意下列副詞的不規(guī)則變化：原級比較級最高級well better bes

4、tbadly worse worstmuch more most副詞的比較級（）副詞的比較級結構1) “比較級than結構”Larry works harder than Huang Ying.Larry比黃英工作更努力。像形容詞的比較級一樣。副詞的比較級有時候也可以獨立使用，后面不接than。This year we are working more carefully.今年我們工作更認真了。）“比較級than比較級的結構”With LiMings help, I can speak English better and better.在李明的幫助下，我英語講得越來越好。注意：多音節(jié)副詞表示

5、“越來越時，應用“ more and more副詞原級”表示。She does her homework more and more carefully.她做作業(yè)越來越認真了。（）副詞比較級的修飾語副詞比較級前最長用的修飾語有：a bit有點，a little有點，much更加， far大大。You know even less about it than I do.你對此事知道的甚至比我還少。副詞的最高級副詞的最高級結構是“（the）副詞最高級表示范圍的介詞短語或從從句”， the也可以省略。He lives the farthest from school, so he takes the

6、 underground.他住的離學校很遠，所以他乘地鐵來。副詞的同級比較副詞的同級比較結構是“as副詞原級as”，在否定句中用“not so/as副詞原級as”。Run as fast as you can.你能跑多快就跑多快。（三）副詞的辨析1.根據語境對副詞進行辨析中考對副詞辨析的考察主要結合語境進行，要首先理解題干的意思，再結合的具體含義做出具體的選擇。2易混副詞的辨析）also, either, too, as well這些詞都有“也”的意思。單用法有區(qū)別。also用于肯定句，either用于否定句，并放在句尾；too和as well用于肯定句，多放在局位尾，用于口語。You stu

7、dy English and I also study it .你學英語，我也學英語。You dont study English and I dont study it,either .你不學英語，我也不學英語。You are a student and I am a student,too.你是學生，我也是。You know the way and I know it as well.你知道路，我也知道。）ago，beforeago立足于現在，表示從現在起，若干時間之前；before立足于過去，表示從過去I met him three years ago.三年前，我遇到他。I had me

8、t him three years before.三年以前我已經見過他。3）almst, nearlyAlmost強調“差一點，缺一點”，可用于no,nobody,noghing等到否定詞之前，nearly一般不這樣用。但 nearly可以與 not連用。There is almost no space to sit(=Theres hardly any space to sit). 差不多沒地方坐了。There isnt nearly enough time to finish all the work. 要完成這些工作，時間遠遠不夠。 4）maybe,perhaps,possibly,pr

9、obably這些副詞均有“或許，大概”之意。Maybe是普通用詞，美國英語多用。指某事“也許”如此，含不同確定意味。Perhaps是普通用詞，多用于英國，與mabe同義。 Probably指客觀上有著發(fā)生某種變化的可能，把握性較大，語氣比 possibly強。l may be 和maybe看似一樣，其實不一樣。 may be意為“可能是”，是情態(tài)動詞may 加be構成的，用于表示推測。Your key may be on your desk. 你的鑰匙可能在你的桌子上。副詞與形容詞的用法比較）句法功能形容詞在句中主要修飾名詞或代詞做定語，也可以用在聯系動詞后做表語：而副詞在句中主要修飾動詞，形

10、容詞其他副詞或整個句子，做狀語。We hope for an early answer.我們希望早日得到答復。（句中early做形容詞，修飾名詞）I get up early everyday.我每天都起的很早（句中early做副詞，修飾動詞）句中的位置形容詞主要修飾名詞，置于名詞前：也可以修飾復合不定代詞，置于復合不定代詞之后。而副詞主要修飾形容詞或其他副詞，一般在形容詞或副詞之前。He is too young to move the heavy box.他太小了移不動這個箱子。I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事要告訴你。This b

11、ox is very heary.這個箱子很重。He speaks English quite well.他英語說的相當好。二、【典例精講】【典型例題1】 Tom studies very _, but his brother Tony _ studies.A. hardly, hardly B. hard, hardly C. hard, had D. hardly, hard【答案】B【典型例題2】 It was raining heavily；little Mary felt cold，so she stood_ to her mother.AcloseBcloselyCclosed D

12、Closes【答案】A【典型例題3】 -Your English is very _. - Thank you, but I cant speak Chinese _.A. good, goodB. well, wellC. good, wellD. well, good【答案】C【典型例題4】The guide told us that he would organize some business men abroad_ next week.A. some time B. sometime C. some times D. sometimes【答案】B 【典型例題5】-I must be

13、fat. -I can _ do my trousers up. A. hardly B. fairly C. nearly D. seldom【答案】A【典型例題6】Those young students were _ tired, because they had beenworking for eight hours.A. not a bit B. hardly C. not a little D. nearly 【答案】C【典型例題7】We have saved some money, but its not _ enough to buy a new house.A. entire

14、ly B. nearly C. almost D. completely【答案】B【典型例題8】Bruceisa_goodplayer,butJohnisa_badone.A.fairly;rather B.fairly;fairly C.rather;rather D.rather;fairly 【答案】A【典型例題9】-He often works _into the night, which moves us _.A. deep;deep Bdeeply;deeply Cdeep;deeply Ddeeply;deep【答案】C【典型例題10】How_Cindy grows! Shes

15、almost as tall as her mother now.A.cute B. strong C. fast D. straight【答案】C【典型例題11】Ive got _work to do on a _cold day.Amuch too;much too Btoo much; too much Ctoo much;much too Dmuch too;too much 【答案】C【典型例題12】 The boy was _eager to get a geograthy book.Amore Btoo Cmuch Dfar 【答案】B【典型例題13】 There was no

16、news_, she didnt give up hope.A. moreover Btherefore Cbut Dneverthless 【答案】D【典型例題14】 Is the bus stop far from here? Its a quarters walk_.A. More and more Band so on Call together Dmore or less【答案】D【典型例題15】 Qing Dao is _beautiful city in summer.A. most Ba most Cthe most Dmuch 【答案】C三、【方法歸納】1. 在英語詞類中，副

17、詞多以ly結尾，故遇到這類詞應多歸納總結。2. 典型例題9中考到deep和deeply兩個詞的用法，二者均可作副詞，但意義不同。對于有兩種形式的副詞，關鍵在于平時多積累，多識記相關單詞。在這里舉例如下: wide寬地 ，widely廣泛地 ；close近 ，closely細心地； late晚， lately最近； high高 ，highly高度地； most 最， mostly主要地； hard努力地， hardly幾乎不。3. 副詞修飾的詞是動詞，在句中作狀語成分，平時在做題及分析句子時應多加留意。4. 副詞固定短語應多加積累。四、【課堂練習】一單項選擇1. I dont think I w

18、ill need any money but I will bring some_.A. as last B in case C. once again D. in time【答案】B 2. The WTO cant live up to its name_ it doent include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind. A . as long as B. while C. if D. even enough【答案】C3. _,mother will wait for him to have dinner together.A

19、however late is he B however he is late C. however is he late D however late he is 【答案】D4. _, I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person.A. While B. Since C. Before D Unless【答案】A5. I wont forgive her unless she _.A.will apologize B. apologized C.would apologize D apologizes【答案】D6

20、 The earth goes around the sun_the moon goes around the earth.A.so that B. just like C. just as D. as how【答案】C7. It is almost five years_we saw each other last time. Abefore B.since Cafter Dwhen【答案】B8.-Remember to get my letter to Lucy-Ok.I will give it to her _ I see her. A.suddenly B. if only C. t

21、he moment D .while【答案】C9. _, I have never seen anyone whos as capable as John.A. As long as I have traveled B. Now that I have traveled so much C. Much as I have traveled D. As I have traveled so much【答案】C10. He transplanted the little tree to the garden_it was the best time for it . A. where B. whe

22、n C. that D. untill【答案】B二、用never 和ever填空1. I_saw him after that.2. I waited for him,but he_turned up.3. Have you_wasted the Great Wall4. He is the most humorous actor that I have_seen.5.What _do you want me to do ?6. This was the worst movie that he had_seen.7.I have_drunk better beer.8. Bring a kni

23、fe to class tomorrow.-What _for?9. Neither of us has _said hello to each other.10.If _there was the right person in the right job,it was me.【答案】1 never 2 never 3 ever 4 ever 5 ever 6 ever 7 never 8 ever 9 ever 10 ever 五、【中考鏈接】一、單項選擇1.( 2011陜西)When he heard a cry for help, he run out as as he could.A

24、. hardly B. quickly C. finally D. slowly【答案】B二、完型填空(2012陜西)Wang Yani was born in 1975.Even as a baby she loved to draw. Her father was an1.Yani wanted to be like him. So she tried to stand like her father as he painted,which made him laugh.One day,Yani painted lines on her fathers painting.He got 2.

25、At that time she was only two and a half years old.She cried and said,“I want to 3like you!”Her father looked at her without saying anything. He 4remembered his childhood (童年).He also wanted to draw and paint，but his parents didnt understand. They just got angry. He didnt want to see the same thing

26、happen to his daughter,so he decided to5 her.With her fathers help,Yani soon 6 .Her lines became flowers,trees and animals. Her father took her to parks and zoos to get 7 for her paintings. By the end of six,Yani had made over 4,000 works. Her paintings were very special. People8 her works. When she

27、 was eight,one of her paintings was made into a Chinese postage stamp.Yani became famous when she was young. Her works were 9 in different countries in Asia,Europe and North America, 10 her parents never sold her paintings. She is well-known in the world,and art is still a great joy in her life.1. A

28、. actor B. athlete C. artist D. engineer2. A. angry B. excited C. sad D. interested3. A. laugh B. speak C. stand D. paint 4. A. Happily B. clearly C. hardlyD. usually5. A. help B. stop C. refuse D. miss6. A. did homework B. made money C. did sports D. made progress7. A. news B. time C. ideas D. luck8. A. Hated B. loved C. found D. forget9. A. lost B. sold C. bought D. shown0. A. And B. but C. so D. or【答案】1-10. CADBA DCBDB四、短文填空(2013陜西)bad,know,win,example,can,young,be, she , hard,takeBethany Hamilton,from Hawaii,likes surfing very much.She began to surf (沖浪) at the 61 age.At the age of eigh