喬布斯斯坦福大學(xué)演講：保持饑餓,保持愚蠢(Stayhungry,stayfoolish.)

1、Stay hungry, stay foolish喬布斯斯坦福大學(xué)演講：保持饑餓，保持愚蠢Thank you. Im honored to be with you today for your commencementkmensmnt from one of the finest universities in the world. Truth be told, I never graduated from college and this is the closest Ive ever gotten to a college graduation. 謝謝大家。很榮幸能和你們，來自世界最好大學(xué)

2、之一的畢業(yè)生們，一塊兒參加畢業(yè)典禮。老實(shí)說，我大學(xué)沒有畢業(yè)，今天恐怕是我一生中離大學(xué)畢業(yè)最近的一次了。 Today I want to tell you three stories from my life. Thats it. No big deal. Just three stories. 今天我想告訴大家來自我生活的三個故事。沒什么大不了的，只是三個故事而已。 The first story is about connecting the dots. 第一個故事，如何串連生命中的點(diǎn)滴。 I dropped out of Reed College after the first six m

3、onths but then stayed around as a drop-in for another 18 months or so before I really quit. So why did I drop out? It started before I was born. My biological mother was a young, unwed graduate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption. She felt very strongly that I should be adopted by col

4、lege graduates, so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife, except that when I popped out, they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girl. So my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night asking, Weve got an unexpe

5、cted baby boy. Do you want him? They said, Of course. My biological mother found out later that my mother had never graduated from college and that my father had never graduated from high school. She refused to sign the final adoption papers. She only relented a few months later when my parents prom

6、ised that I would go to college. 我在里得大學(xué)讀了六個月就退學(xué)了，但是在18個月之后-我真正退學(xué)之前，我還常去學(xué)校。為何我要選擇退學(xué)呢？這還得從我出生之前說起。我的生母是一個年輕、未婚的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生，她決定讓別人收養(yǎng)我。她有一個很強(qiáng)烈的信仰，認(rèn)為我應(yīng)該被一個大學(xué)畢業(yè)生家庭收養(yǎng)。于是，一對律師夫婦說好了要領(lǐng)養(yǎng)我，然而最后一秒鐘，他們改變了主意，決定要個女孩兒。然后我排在收養(yǎng)人名單中的養(yǎng)父母在一個深夜接到電話，“很意外，我們多了一個男嬰，你們要嗎？”“當(dāng)然要！”但是我的生母后來又發(fā)現(xiàn)我的養(yǎng)母沒有大學(xué)畢業(yè)，養(yǎng)父連高中都沒有畢業(yè)。她拒絕在領(lǐng)養(yǎng)書上簽字。幾個月后，我的養(yǎng)父母

7、保證會讓我上大學(xué)，她妥協(xié)了。 This was the start in my life. And 17 years later, I did go to college, but I naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stanford, and all of my working-class parents savings were being spent on my college tuition. After six months, I couldnt see the value in it. I had no

8、 idea what I wanted to do with my life, and no idea of how college was going to help me figure it out, and here I was, spending all the money my parents had saved their entire life. So I decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out OK. It was pretty scary at the time, but looking back, i

9、t was one of the best decisions I ever made. The minute I dropped out, I could stop taking the required classes that didnt interest me and begin dropping in on the ones that looked far more interesting. 這是我生命的開端。十七年后，我上大學(xué)了，但是我很無知地選了一所差不多和斯坦福一樣貴的學(xué)校，幾乎花掉我那藍(lán)領(lǐng)階層養(yǎng)父母一生的積蓄。六個月后，我覺得不值得。我看不出自己以后要做什么，也不曉得大學(xué)會怎

10、樣幫我指點(diǎn)迷津，而我卻在花銷父母一生的積蓄。所以我決定退學(xué)，并且相信沒有做錯。一開始非常嚇人，但回憶起來，這卻是我一生中作的最好的決定之一。從我退學(xué)的那一刻起，我可以停止一切不感興趣的必修課，開始旁聽那些有意思得多的課。 It wasnt all romantic. I didnt have a dorm room, so I slept on the floor in friends rooms. I returned Coke bottles for the five-cent deposits to buy food with, and I would walk the seven mi

11、les across town every Sunday night to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna temple. I loved it. And much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on. Let me give you one example. 事情并不那么美好。我沒有宿舍可住，睡在朋友房間的地上。為了吃飯，我收集五分一個的舊可樂瓶，每個星期天晚上步行七英里到

12、哈爾-克里什納廟里改善一下一周的伙食。我喜歡這種生活方式。能夠遵循自己的好奇和直覺前行后來被證明是多么的珍貴。讓我來給你們舉個例子吧。 Reed College at that time offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country. Throughout the campus every poster, every label on every drawer was beautifully hand-calligraphed. Because I had dropped out and didnt have t

13、o take the normal classes, I decided to take a calligraphy class to learn how to do this. I learned about serif and sans-serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography great. It was beautiful, historical, artistically subtl

14、e in a way that science cant capture, and I found it fascinating. 當(dāng)時的里德大學(xué)提供可能是全國最好的書法指導(dǎo)。校園中每一張海報(bào)，抽屜上的每一張標(biāo)簽，都是漂亮的手寫體。由于我已退學(xué)，不用修那些必修課，我決定選一門書法課上上。在這門課上，我學(xué)會了“serif”和sans-serif兩種字體、學(xué)會了怎樣在不同的字母組合中改變字間距、學(xué)會了怎樣寫出好的字來。這是一種科學(xué)無法捕捉的微妙，楚楚動人、充滿歷史底蘊(yùn)和藝術(shù)性，我覺得自己被完全吸引了。 None of this had even a hope of any practical ap

15、plication in my life. But ten years later when we were designing the first Macintosh computer, it all came back to me, and we designed it all into the Mac. It was the first computer with beautiful typography. If I had never dropped in on that single course in college, the Mac would have never had mu

16、ltiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts, and since Windows just copied the Mac, its likely that no personal computer would have them. 當(dāng)時我并不指望書法在以后的生活中能有什么實(shí)用價值。但是，十年之后，我們在設(shè)計(jì)第一臺 Macintosh計(jì)算機(jī)時，它一下子浮現(xiàn)在我眼前。于是，我們把這些東西全都設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)了計(jì)算機(jī)中。這是第一臺有這么漂亮的文字版式的計(jì)算機(jī)。要不是我當(dāng)初在大學(xué)里偶然選了這么一門課，Macintosh計(jì)算機(jī)絕不會有那么多種印刷字體或間距安排合

17、理的字號。要不是Windows照搬了 Macintosh，個人電腦可能不會有這些字體和字號。 If I had never dropped out, I would have never dropped in on that calligraphy class and personals computers might not have the wonderful typography that they do. 要不是退了學(xué)，我決不會碰巧選了這門書法課，個人電腦也可能不會有現(xiàn)在這些漂亮的版式了。 Of course it was impossible to connect the dots

18、looking forward when I was in college, but it was very, very clear looking backwards ten years later. Again, you cant connect the dots looking forward. You can only connect them looking backwards, so you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. You have to trust in something-

19、your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever-because believing that the dots will connect down the road will give you the confidence to follow your heart, even when it leads you off the well-worn path, and that will make all the difference. 當(dāng)然，我在大學(xué)里不可能從這一點(diǎn)上看到它與將來的關(guān)系。十年之后再回頭看，兩者之間關(guān)系就非常、非常清楚了。你們同樣不可能從現(xiàn)在這個

20、點(diǎn)上看到將來；只有回頭看時，才會發(fā)現(xiàn)它們之間的關(guān)系。所以你必須相信，那些點(diǎn)點(diǎn)滴滴，會在你未來的生命里，以某種方式串聯(lián)起來。你必須相信一些東西你的勇氣、宿命、生活、因緣，隨便什么因?yàn)橄嘈胚@些點(diǎn)滴能夠一路連接會給你帶來循從本覺的自信，它使你遠(yuǎn)離平凡，變得與眾不同。 My second story is about love and loss. I was lucky. I found what I loved to do early in life. Woz and I started Apple in my parents garage when I was 20. We worked hard

21、 and in ten years, Apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage into a $2 billion company with over 4,000 employees. Wed just released our finest creation, the Macintosh, a year earlier, and Id just turned 30, and then I got fired. How can you get fired from a company you started? Well, as Ap

22、ple grew, we hired someone who I thought was very talented to run the company with me, and for the first year or so, things went well. But then our visions of the future began to diverge, and eventually we had a falling out. When we did, our board of directors sided with him, and so at 30, I was out

23、, and very publicly out. What had been the focus of my entire adult life was gone, and it was devastating. I really didnt know what to do for a few months. I felt that I had let the previous generation of entrepreneurs down, that I had dropped the baton as it was being passed to me. I met with David

24、 Packard and Bob Noyce and tried to apologize for screwing up so badly. I was a very public failure and I even thought about running away from the Valley. But something slowly began to dawn on me. I still loved what I did. The turn of events at Apple had not changed that one bit. Id been rejected bu

25、t I was still in love. And so I decided to start over. 第二個故事是關(guān)于愛與失的。我很幸運(yùn)，很早就發(fā)現(xiàn)自己喜歡做的事情。我二十歲的時候就和沃茨在父母的車庫里開創(chuàng)了蘋果公司。我們工作得很努力，十年后，蘋果公司成長為擁有四千名員工，價值二十億的大公司。我們剛剛推出了最好的創(chuàng)意，Macintosh操作系統(tǒng)，在這之前的一年，也就是我剛過三十歲，我被解雇了。你怎么可能被一個親手創(chuàng)立的公司解雇？事情是這樣的，在公司成長期間，我雇傭了一個我們認(rèn)為非常聰明，可以和我一起經(jīng)營公司的人。一年后，我們對公司未來的看法產(chǎn)生分歧，董事會站在了他的一邊。于是，在我三十

26、歲的時候，我出局了，很公開地出局了。我整個成年生活的焦點(diǎn)沒了，這很要命。一開始的幾個月我真的不知道該干什么。我覺得我讓公司的前一代創(chuàng)建者們失望了，我把傳給我的權(quán)杖給弄丟了。我與戴維德帕珂德和鮑勃諾埃斯見面，試圖為這徹頭徹尾的失敗道歉。我敗得如此之慘以至于我想要逃離硅谷。但有個東西在慢慢地叫醒我：我還愛著我從事的行業(yè)。這次失敗一點(diǎn)兒都沒有改變這一點(diǎn)。我被逐了，但我仍愛著我的事業(yè)。我決定重新開始。 I didnt see it then, but it turned out that getting fired from Apple was the best thing that could ha

27、ve ever happened to me. The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods in my life. During the next five years I started a company named NeXT, another company named Pixar and

28、fell in love with an amazing woman who would become my wife. Pixar went on to create the worlds first computer-animated feature film, Toy Story, and is now the most successful animation studio in the world. 當(dāng)時我沒有看出來，但事實(shí)證明“被蘋果開除”是發(fā)生在我身上最好的事。成功的重?fù)?dān)被重新起步的輕松替代，對任何事情都不再特別看重，這讓我感覺如此自由，進(jìn)入一生中最有創(chuàng)造力的階段。接下來的五年，

29、我創(chuàng)立了一個叫NeXT的公司，接著又建立了Pixar，然后與后來成為我妻子的女人相愛。Pixar出品了世界第一個電腦動畫電影：“玩具總動員”，現(xiàn)在它已經(jīng)是世界最成功的動畫制作工作室了。 In a remarkable turn of events, Apple bought NeXT and I returned to Apple and the technology we developed at NeXT is at the heart of Apples current renaissance, and Lorene and I have a wonderful family toget

30、her. 在一系列的成功運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)后，蘋果收購了NeXT，我又回到了蘋果。我們在NeXT開發(fā)的技術(shù)在蘋果的復(fù)興中起了核心作用，另外勞琳和我組建了一個幸福的家庭。 Im pretty sure none of this would have happened if I hadnt been fired from Apple. It was awful-tasting medicine but I guess the patient needed it. Sometimes lifes going to hit you in the head with a brick. Dont lose faith.

31、 Im convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did. Youve got to find what you love, and that is as true for work as it is for your lovers. Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great wo

32、rk, and the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you havent found it yet, keep looking, and dont settle. As with all matters of the heart, youll know when you find it, and like any great relationship it just gets better and better as the years roll on. So keep looking. Dont settle. 我

33、非常確信，如果我沒有被蘋果炒掉，這些就都不會發(fā)生。這個藥的味道太糟了，但是我想病人需要它。有些時候，生活會給你迎頭一棒。不要喪失信心。我確信唯一讓我一路走下來的是我對自己所做事情的熱愛。你必須去找你熱愛的東西，對工作如此，對你的愛人也是這樣的。工作會占據(jù)你生命中很大的一部分，你只有相信自己做的是偉大的工作，你才能怡然自得。如果你還沒有找到，那么就繼續(xù)找，不要停。全心全意地找，當(dāng)你找到時，你會知道的。就像任何真誠的關(guān)系，隨著時間的流逝，只會越來越緊密。所以繼續(xù)找，不要停。 My third story is about death. When I was 17 I read a quote th

34、at went something like If you live each day as if it was your last, someday youll most certainly be right. It made an impression on me, and since then, for the past 33 years, I have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself, If today were the last day of my life, would I want to do what I

35、am about to do today? And whenever the answer has been no for too many days in a row, I know I need to change something. Remembering that Ill be dead soon is the most important thing Ive ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life, because almost everything-all external expectations, al

36、l pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure-these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important. Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You are already naked. There is no reason not t

37、o follow your heart. 我的第三個故事關(guān)于死亡。我17歲的時候讀到過一句話“如果你把每一天都當(dāng)作最后一天過，有一天你會發(fā)現(xiàn)你是正確的”。這句話給我留下了深刻的印象。從那以后，過去的33年，每天早上我都會對著鏡子問自己：“如果今天是我的最后一天，我會不會做我想做的事情呢？”如果連著一段時間，答案都是否定的的話，我就知道我需要改變一些東西了。提醒自己就要死了是我遇見的最大的幫助，幫我作了生命中的大決定。因?yàn)閹缀跞魏问滤械臉s耀、驕傲、對難堪和失敗的恐懼在死亡面前都會消隱，留下真正重要的東西。提醒自己就要死亡是我知道的最好的方法，用來避開擔(dān)心失去某些東西的陷阱。你已經(jīng)赤裸裸了，沒有

38、理由不聽從于自己的心愿。 About a year ago, I was diagnosed with cancer. I had a scan at 7:30 in the morning and it clearly showed a tumor on my pancreas. I didnt even know what a pancreas was. The doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer that is incurable, and that I should expect to live no l

39、onger than three to six months. My doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order, which is doctors code for prepare to die. It means to try and tell your kids everything you thought youd have the next ten years to tell them, in just a few months. It means to make sure that everything is b

40、uttoned up so that it will be as easy as possible for your family. It means to say your goodbyes. 大約一年前，我被診斷出患了癌癥。我早上七點(diǎn)半作了掃描，清楚地顯示在我的胰腺有一個腫瘤。我當(dāng)時都不知道胰腺是什么東西。醫(yī)生們告訴我這幾乎是無法治愈的，我還有三到六個月的時間。我的醫(yī)生建議我回家，整理一切。在醫(yī)生的辭典中，這就是“準(zhǔn)備死亡”的意思。就是意味著把要對你小孩說十年的話在幾個月內(nèi)說完；意味著把所有東西搞定，盡量讓你的家庭活得輕松一點(diǎn)；意味著你要說“永別”了。 I lived with that

41、diagnosis all day. Later that evening I had a biopsy where they stuck an endoscope down my throat, through my stomach into my intestines, put a needle into my pancreas and got a few cells from the tumor. I was sedated but my wife, who was there, told me that when they viewed the cells under a micros

42、cope, the doctor started crying, because it turned out to be a very rare form of pancreatic cancer that is curable with surgery. I had the surgery and, thankfully, I am fine now. 我整日都想著那診斷書的事情。后來有天晚上我做了一個活切片檢查，他們將一個內(nèi)窺鏡伸進(jìn)我的喉嚨，穿過胃，到達(dá)腸道，用一根針在我的胰腺腫瘤上取了幾個細(xì)胞。我當(dāng)時是被麻醉的，但是我的妻子告訴我，那些醫(yī)生在顯微鏡下看到細(xì)胞的時候開始尖叫，因?yàn)榘l(fā)現(xiàn)這竟然

43、是一種非常罕見的可用手術(shù)治愈的胰腺癌癥。我做了手術(shù)，現(xiàn)在，我痊愈了。 This was the closest Ive been to facing death, and I hope its the closest I get for a few more decades. Having lived through it, I can now say this to you with a bit more certainty than when death was a useful but purely intellectual concept. No one wants to die, e

44、ven people who want to go to Heaven dont want to die to get there, and yet, death is the destination we all share. No one has ever escaped it. And that is as it should be, because death is very likely the single best invention of life. Its lifes change agent; it clears out the old to make way for th

45、e new. right now, the new is you. But someday, not too long from now, you will gradually become the old and be cleared away. Sorry to be so dramatic, but its quite true. Your time is limited, so dont waste it living someone elses life. Dont be trapped by dogma, which is living with the results of ot

46、her peoples thinking. Dont let the noise of others opinions drown out your own inner voice, and most important, have the courage to follow heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is secondary. 這是我最接近死亡的時候，我也希望是我未來幾十年里最接近死亡的一次。這次死里逃生讓我比以往只知道死亡是一個有用而純粹書面概念的時候更確信地告訴你們，沒有人愿意死，即使那些想上天堂的人們也不愿意通過死亡來達(dá)到他們的目的。但是死亡是每個人共同的終點(diǎn)，沒有人能夠逃脫。也應(yīng)該如此，因?yàn)樗劳龊芸赡苁巧詈玫陌l(fā)明。它去陳讓新。現(xiàn)在，你們就是“新”。但是有一天，不用太久，你們有會慢慢變老然后死去。抱歉，這很戲劇性，但卻是真的。你們的時間是有限的，不要浪費(fèi)在重復(fù)別人的生活上。不要被教條束縛，那意味著會和別人思考的結(jié)果一塊兒生活。不要被其他人的喧囂觀點(diǎn)掩蓋自己內(nèi)