考點(diǎn)名稱：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

1、考點(diǎn)名稱：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 1、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)法特征 1）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞不能表示正在發(fā)生或已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情，只表示期待或估計(jì)某事的發(fā)生。 2）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不帶to 的不定式。 3）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有人稱，數(shù)的變化，即情態(tài)動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)不加-s。 4）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有非謂語(yǔ)形式，即沒(méi)有不定式，分詞，等形式 2、比較can 和be able to 1）can could 表示能力；可能 (過(guò)去時(shí)用could), 只用于現(xiàn)在式和過(guò)去式(could)。be able to可以用于各種時(shí)態(tài)。 They will be able to tell you the news soon. 他很快就能

2、告訴你消息了。 2）只用be able to a. 位于助動(dòng)詞后。 b. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后。 c. 表示過(guò)去某時(shí)刻動(dòng)作時(shí)。 d. 用于句首表示條件。 e. 表示成功地做了某事時(shí)，只能用was/were able to， 不能用could He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out. = He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out. 注意：could不表示時(shí)態(tài) 1）提出委婉的請(qǐng)求，（注意在回答中不可用could）。 - Could I have the television on? -

3、 Yes, you can. / No, you cant. 2）在否定，疑問(wèn)句中表示推測(cè)或懷疑。 He couldnt be a bad man. 他不大可能是壞人。 be able to 表示在特定情景中努力做成某事。The first spread through the building very quickly, but luckily everyone wasable to escape. 大火在樓里蔓延，幸好大家都及時(shí)撤離了。（在此不能用could ） They didnt want to come with us at first, but in the end we were

4、 able to persuade them. 起初他們不想與我們一起來(lái)，但是最后我們還是說(shuō)服了他們。（在此不能用could） 3、比較may和might 1）表示允許或請(qǐng)求；表示沒(méi)有把握的推測(cè)；may 放在句首，表示祝愿。 May God bless you! He might be at home. 注意：might 表示推測(cè)時(shí)，不表示時(shí)態(tài)。只是可能性比may 小。 2）成語(yǔ)：may/might as well，后面接不帶to 的不定式，意為不妨。 If that is the case, we may as well try. 典型例題： Peter _ come with us ton

5、ight, but he isnt very sure yet. A. mustB. may C. can D. will 答案B. 表可能性只能用may.此句意可從后半句推出。 4、比較have to和must 1）兩詞都是必須的意思，have to 表示客觀的需要，must 表示說(shuō)話人主觀上的看法，既主觀 上的必要。 My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night. 我弟弟病得很厲害，我只得半夜里把醫(yī)生請(qǐng)來(lái)。(客觀上需要做這件事) He said that they must w

6、ork hard. 他說(shuō)他們必須努力工作。（主觀上要做這件事） 2）have to有人稱、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)的變化，而must只有一種形式。但must 可用于間接引語(yǔ)中表示過(guò) 去的要或義務(wù)。 He had to look after his sister yesterday. 3）在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中：dont have to表示“不必” mustnt表示“禁止”， You dont have to tell him about it. 你不一定要把此事告訴他。 You mustnt tell him about it.你一定不要把這件事告訴他。 5、must表示推測(cè) 1）must用在肯定句中表示較有把握的推測(cè)

7、，意為一定。 2）must表對(duì)現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或現(xiàn)在正發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)時(shí)， must 后面通常接系動(dòng)詞be 的原形或行 為動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行式。 You have worked hard all day. You must be tired. 你辛苦干一整天，一定累了。（對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的推測(cè)判斷） He must be working in his office. 他一定在辦公室工作呢。 比較：He must be staying there. 他現(xiàn)在肯定呆在那里。 He must stay there. 他必須呆在那。 3）must 表示對(duì)已發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)時(shí)，must 要接完成式。 I didnt hear

8、 the phone. I must have been asleep. 我剛才沒(méi)有聽(tīng)到電話，我想必是睡著了。 4）must表示對(duì)過(guò)去某時(shí)正發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)，must 后面要接不定式的完成進(jìn)行式。 -Why didnt you answer my phone call? -Well, I must have been sleeping, so I didnt hear it. 5）否定推測(cè)用cant。 If Tom didnt leave here until five oclock, he cant be home yet. 如果湯姆五點(diǎn)才離開(kāi)這兒，他此時(shí)一定還未到家。 6、表示推測(cè)的用法

9、can, could, may, might, must 皆可表示推測(cè)，其用法如下： 1）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形。 表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的情況的推測(cè)，此時(shí)動(dòng)詞通常為系動(dòng)詞。 I dont know where she is, she may be in Wuhan. 2）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。 表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)正在進(jìn)行的情況進(jìn)行推測(cè)。 At this moment, our teacher must be correcting our exam papers. 這時(shí)，我們老師想必在批改試卷。 3）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞完成時(shí)。 表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)。 We would have finished this

10、 work by the end of next December. 明年十二月底前我們很可能已完成這項(xiàng)工作了。 The road is wet. It must have rained last night. 地是濕的，昨天晚上一定下雨了。 4）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。 表示對(duì)過(guò)去正在發(fā)生事情的推測(cè)。 Your mother must have been looking for you. 你媽媽一定一直在找你。 5）推測(cè)的否定形式，疑問(wèn)形式用cant, couldnt表示。 Mike cant have found his car, for he came to work by bu

11、s this morning. 邁克一定還沒(méi)有找回他的車(chē)，因?yàn)樵缟纤亲财?chē)來(lái)上班的。 注意：could, might表示推測(cè)時(shí)不表示時(shí)態(tài)，其推測(cè)的程度不如can, may。 7、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ have +過(guò)去分詞 1）may(might) have + done sth, can (could) have + done sth表示過(guò)去，推測(cè)過(guò)去時(shí)間里可 能發(fā)生的事情。 Philip may (might) have been hurt seriously in the car accident. Philip can (could) have been hurt seriously in

12、the car accident. 2）must have +done sth，對(duì)過(guò)去時(shí)間里可能發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)，語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)，具有“肯定”， “諒必”的意思。 -Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here. -She must have gone by bus. 3）ought to have done sth, should have done sth 本應(yīng)該做某事，而事實(shí)上并沒(méi)有做。否定句表示“不該做某事而做了”。 You ought to (should) have been more careful in this expe

13、riment. He ought not to have thrown the old clothes away.（事實(shí)上已扔了。） ought to 在語(yǔ)氣上比should 要強(qiáng)。 4）neednt have done sth本沒(méi)必要做某事 I dressed very warmly for the trip, but I neednt have done so. The weather was hot. 5）would like to have done sth本打算做某事 I would like to have read the article, but I was very busy

14、 . 8、should 和ought to should 和ought to 都為應(yīng)該的意思，可用于各種人稱。 -Ought he to go? -Yes. I think he ought to. 表示要求，命令時(shí)，語(yǔ)氣由 should（應(yīng)該）、had better最好）、must（必須）漸強(qiáng)。 9、had better表示最好 had better 相當(dāng)于一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞，它只有一種形式，它后面要跟動(dòng)詞原形。 had better do sth had better not do sth It is pretty cold. Youd better put on my coat. Shed be

15、tter not play with the dog. had better have done sth表示與事實(shí)相反的結(jié)果，意為本來(lái)最好。 You had better have come earlier 10、would rather表示“寧愿” would rather do would rather not do would rather than 寧愿而不愿。 還有would sooner, had rather, had sooner都表示寧愿、寧可的意思。 If I have a choice, I had sooner not continue my studies at th

16、is school. I would rather stay here than go home. = I would stay here rather than go home. 典型例題 -Shall we go skating or stay at home? -Which _ do? A. do you ratherB. would you rather C. will you rather D. should you rather 答案B。本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞rather的用法，would rather +do sth 意為寧愿，本題為疑問(wèn)句，would 提前，所以選B 11、will和

17、would 注意： 1）would like； Would like to do = want to 想要，為固定搭配。 Would you like to go with me? 2）Will you?Would you like? 表示肯定含義的請(qǐng)求勸說(shuō)時(shí)，疑問(wèn)句中一般用some, 而不 是any。 Would you like some cake? 3）否定結(jié)構(gòu)中用will，一般不用would, wont you是一種委婉語(yǔ)氣。 Wont you sit down? 12、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的回答方式 問(wèn)句肯定回答否定回答Need you?Yes, I must.No, I neednt/dont

18、 have to.Must you?Yes, I must.No, I neednt/dont have to. 典型例題 1）-Could I borrow your dictionary? -Yes, of course, you_. A. mightB. will C. can D. should 答案C. could表示委婉的語(yǔ)氣，并不為時(shí)態(tài)。答語(yǔ)中of course，表示肯定的語(yǔ)氣，允許某人做 某事時(shí)，用can和 may來(lái)表達(dá)，不能用could或might。復(fù)習(xí)： will 與you連用，用來(lái)提出要求 或下命令。should與you 連用，用來(lái)提出勸告。 2）-Shall I tel

19、l John about it? -No, you _. Ive told him already. A. needntB. wouldntC. mustntD. shouldnt 答案A。neednt 不必，不用。 wouldnt 將不, 不會(huì)的。 mustnt 禁止、不能。 shouldnt 不應(yīng)該。本題為不需要，不必的意思，應(yīng)用neednt。 3）-Dont forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. -_. A. I dont B.I wont C. I cantD. I havent 答案B.will既可當(dāng)作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，表請(qǐng)求、建議、也可

20、作為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞表“意愿、意志、決心”， 本題表示決心，選B。 13、帶to 的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 帶to 的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有四個(gè)：ought to, have to, used to, be to, 如加上have got to ,(=must), be able to，為六個(gè)。它們的疑問(wèn)，否定形式應(yīng)予以注意： Do they have to pay their bill before the end of the month? She didnt use to play tennis before she was fourteen. You ought not to have told her all abo

21、ut it. Ought he to see a heart specialist at once.? ought to 本身作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞使用。其他的詞作為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞使用，變疑問(wèn)，否定時(shí)，須有do 等助動(dòng)詞協(xié)助。 典型例題： Tom ought not to _ me your secret, but he meant no harm. A. have toldB. tellC. be tellingD. having told 答案A。由于后句為過(guò)去時(shí)，告訴秘密的動(dòng)作又發(fā)生在其前因，此地應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，但它 在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 ought to 后，所以用have。 14、比較need和dare 這兩

22、詞既可做實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用，又可做情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用。作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，兩者都只能用于疑問(wèn)句，否定句和條件句。 need 作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)后面的不定式必須帶to，而dare作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用時(shí), 后面的to 時(shí)?？梢员皇÷浴?1）實(shí)義動(dòng)詞： need（需要, 要求） need + n. / to do sth 2）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞： need，只用原形need后加do，否定形式為need not。Need you go yet? Yes, I must. / No, I neednt. 3）need 的被動(dòng)含義：need, want, require, worth（形容詞）后面接doing也可以表示被動(dòng)： need doing =

23、 need to be done 以上內(nèi)容為魔方格學(xué)習(xí)社區(qū)（）原創(chuàng)內(nèi)容，未經(jīng)允許不得轉(zhuǎn)載！舉一反三發(fā)現(xiàn)相似題（揭秘相似題真相-上魔方格）與“I _ have watched that movie-itll give me horrible drea.”考查相似的試題有：試題ID試題題文179739 No one _ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketba.221582The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals .207905Why _ you always play t

24、he piano at midnight? A. .177136My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared. Who _hav.176611Shopping online can save much time as you _ go to a shop.206994You _ be too careful when crossing the busy street. .題文The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she retur

25、ned. Oh,dear! She _ a lot of difficulties! A. may go throughB. might go throughC. ought to have gone throughD. must have gone through答案：D題文 These grapes look really beautiful. They _! See the price $3.99 a pound. Very expensive, arent they! A. wouldB. could C. mightD. should 答案：D題文When we were young

26、, every evening my sister and I _ stay at home doing homework. A. wouldB. might C. should D. could答案：A題文 What sort of house do you want to have?Something big? Well, it _ be big-thats not important. A. mustntB. needntC. cantD. wont答案：B題文 No one _ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball. Oh, y

27、ou are really his big fan. A. can B. need C. must D. might 答案：A_ you come to cities in China, you would have to take off your shoes before going into someones house. A. MightB. Could C. Would D. Should 答案：D題文 Where are the students? How could they keep us waiting for so long? They started an hour ag

28、o and they_ be here in fifteen minutes, I think. A. canB. wouldC. shouldD. must答案C題文He that makes himself a sheep _ be eaten by the wolf, as the saying goes. A. shallB. couldC. willD. should答案A題文_ you say goodbye so soon? Im sorry. My mother is expecting me at home. A. MustB. CanC. Would D. Might答案A

29、題文 I just want to know. Please tell me, how much do you make an hour? If you _ know, I make $20 an hour. A. willB. shallC. mustD. need答案 C題文The design had to be given up at last.I know.Even experienced designers _ make mistakes. A. canB. ought toC. mustD. need答案 A題文She _ well let out the secret,for

30、she looked very upset when seeing me. A. canB. mayC.must D.shall答案BAccording to Chinese law, every child _get nine-year compulsory education. A. mustB. has to C. shall D. should 題型：?jiǎn)芜x題難度：偏易來(lái)源：0125 模擬題答案（找作業(yè)答案-上魔方格）C題文 What did you say to Julia? I saw her crying in the dormitory alone. It _ my fault.

31、 We talked happily when I was with her in the classroom. A. must have been B. should have beenC. shouldnt have beenD. cant have been 題型：?jiǎn)芜x題難度：中檔來(lái)源：專項(xiàng)題答案（找作業(yè)答案-上魔方格）D題文Oh, its raining again. Why _ it always rain on weekends? A. canB. mayC. mustD. should題型：?jiǎn)芜x題難度：中檔來(lái)源：重慶市期中題答案（找作業(yè)答案-上魔方格）C題文Days later,

32、 my brother called to say he was all right, but _say where he was. A. mustnt B. shouldntC. wouldntD. mightnt題型：?jiǎn)芜x題難度：偏易來(lái)源：江蘇高考真題答案（找作業(yè)答案-上魔方格）C題文When we worked in the same office,we _ often have coffee together. AcouldBshouldCwouldDought to題型：?jiǎn)芜x題難度：中檔來(lái)源：河北省月考題答案（找作業(yè)答案-上魔方格）A題文This wall of air is an

33、effective answer to the problem and it _ work.But it is a question to put such a wall of air around the statue. A. mayB. must C. shouldD. could題型：?jiǎn)芜x題難度：中檔來(lái)源：四川省同步題答案（找作業(yè)答案-上魔方格）C題文Put on more clothes. You _ be feeling cold with only a shirt one. A. can B. couldC. wouldD. must題型：?jiǎn)芜x題難度：中檔來(lái)源：同步題答案（找作業(yè)答

34、案-上魔方格）DTry as you _, he wont listen to your advice on the potential dangers of smoking. A. canB. may C. dare D. will題型：?jiǎn)芜x題難度：中檔來(lái)源：浙江省模擬題答案（找作業(yè)答案-上魔方格）B題文Harry Reid, rather than being embarrassed, _ be happy that his daughter was beingaresponsible woman exercising choice in her medical decisions. A.

35、 could B. shouldC. would D. might題型：?jiǎn)芜x題難度：中檔來(lái)源：同步題答案（找作業(yè)答案-上魔方格）C題文You_bringyouridentificationwhenyouopenabankaccount. A.mayB.canC.mustD.will 題型：?jiǎn)芜x題難度：中檔來(lái)源：河南省同步題答案（找作業(yè)答案-上魔方格）C題文One of the few things you _ say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather. A. need B.

36、 mustC. should D. can 題型：?jiǎn)芜x題難度：偏易來(lái)源：北京高考真題答案（找作業(yè)答案-上魔方格）D題文John, look at the time. _ you play the piano at such a late hour? A. Must B. Can C. May D. Need 題型：?jiǎn)芜x題難度：偏易來(lái)源：高考真題答案（找作業(yè)答案-上魔方格）A題文-My cats really fat. -You_ have given her so much food.A. wouldntB. couldnt C. shouldntD. mustnt題型：?jiǎn)芜x題難度：中檔來(lái)源：

37、同步題答案（找作業(yè)答案-上魔方格）C題文You _ drive forward when the traffic light is red. A. shouldntB. cantC. mustntD. may not題型：?jiǎn)芜x題難度：中檔來(lái)源：模擬題答案（找作業(yè)答案-上魔方格）A題文Its a pity that you _ leave so soon. Its been so nice having you here. A. shouldB. couldC. canD. might題型：?jiǎn)芜x題難度：中檔來(lái)源：江西省模擬題答案（找作業(yè)答案-上魔方格）A題文The traffic is heav

38、y these days. I _ arrive a bit late, so could you save me a place? A. canB. mustC. needD. might題型：?jiǎn)芜x題難度：中檔來(lái)源：同步題答案（找作業(yè)答案-上魔方格）D題文I _ have watched that movie-itll give me horrible dreams. A. shouldntB. needntC. couldntD. mustnt題型：?jiǎn)芜x題難度：中檔來(lái)源：同步題答案（找作業(yè)答案-上魔方格）A題文-Can Professor Li be in the laboratory?-

39、He _ be; I saw him there half an hour ago. AcanBmustCmightDneed題型：?jiǎn)芜x題難度：中檔來(lái)源：同步題答案（找作業(yè)答案-上魔方格）C題文Ive taken someone elses green sweater by mistake. It _ Harrys. He always wears green. A. has to be B. will be C. mustnt be D. could be 題型：?jiǎn)芜x題難度：偏易來(lái)源：廣東省高考真題答案（找作業(yè)答案-上魔方格）D題文I told your friend how to get

40、to the hotel, but perhaps I_have driven her there. A. couldB. mustC. mightD. should題型：?jiǎn)芜x題難度：中檔來(lái)源：同步題答案（找作業(yè)答案-上魔方格）D題文He has no idea what the book is about. He _have read it very carefully. A. needntB. shouldntC. cant D. mustnt 題型：?jiǎn)芜x題難度：中檔來(lái)源：模擬題答案（找作業(yè)答案-上魔方格）C題文You _ drive forward when the traffic li

41、ght is red. A. shouldntB. cantC. mustntD. may not題型：?jiǎn)芜x題難度：中檔來(lái)源：模擬題答案（找作業(yè)答案-上魔方格）A找到答案了,贊一個(gè)!題文 I wonder if I can board the plane with this return ticket. There _be no problem. Your ticket is valid until the end of this month. A. must B. shall C. should D. might 題型：?jiǎn)芜x題難度：中檔來(lái)源：模擬題答案（找作業(yè)答案-上魔方格）C題文It _

42、be the postman at the door. Its only six oclock. A. mustnt B. cant C. wont D. neednt 題型：?jiǎn)芜x題難度：偏易來(lái)源：江西省高考真題 答案（找作業(yè)答案-上魔方格）B題文 Im thinking of losing weight these days. Oh, you _ be out of mind. Youre 50 kilograms at the most! A. mustB. willC. shouldD. may題型：?jiǎn)芜x題難度：中檔來(lái)源：陜西省同步題答案（找作業(yè)答案-上魔方格）A題文You_ all t

43、hose calculations! We have a computer to do that sort of thing. A. neednt have done B. must not have done C. shouldnt have done D. can not have done題型：?jiǎn)芜x題難度：中檔來(lái)源：黑龍江省期中題答案（找作業(yè)答案-上魔方格）A題文My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared. Who _ have taken it? A. should B. must C. could D. would 題型：?jiǎn)芜x題難度：中

44、檔來(lái)源：同步題答案（找作業(yè)答案-上魔方格）C題文You _ all those clothes! We have a washing machine to do that sort of thing. A. neednt have washed B. shouldnt have washedC. must not have washed D. can not have washed 題型：?jiǎn)芜x題難度：中檔來(lái)源：模擬題答案（找作業(yè)答案-上魔方格）A題文As to the question of whether we will sell our house or who we shall sell the house to, you _ have an answer by tomorrow. A. willB. shallC. couldD. must題型：?jiǎn)芜x題難度：中檔來(lái)源：同步題答案（找作業(yè)答案-上魔方格）B題文I promise that she _ get a nice present on her birthday. It will be a big surprise to her. A. mustB. shallC. shouldD. would題型：?jiǎn)芜x題難度：中檔來(lái)源：黑龍江省月考題答案（找作業(yè)答案-上魔方格）B題文Luckily the man missed