倒裝句Michelle

1、倒裝句專題v英語句子按主謂排列順序來分有正常語序和倒裝語序。正常語序的結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語+謂語”，倒裝語序為謂語（或謂語的一部分）+主語。v倒裝語序分為完全倒裝完全倒裝和部分倒裝部分倒裝兩種。v完全倒裝完全倒裝是將整個謂語移至主語前面。例如：then comes the bus。v部分倒裝部分倒裝是只將助動詞、系動詞或情態(tài)動詞放在主語之前。例如：is she an english teacher?v一、完全倒裝： 1、副詞here、 there、 in、out、up 、down、 away、 back、 now、then、ahead等位于句首，當(dāng)謂語動詞是be、 come 、 go、 follow、

2、 run等表示位置移動的動詞，而且主語又是名詞時，需要把謂語動詞放主語之前，即完全倒裝。 例句： here is your letter. ahead sat an old woman.v注意注意: a） 此類倒裝不用進(jìn)行時態(tài)。 b）上述全部倒裝的句型結(jié)構(gòu)的主語必須是名詞， 如果主語是人稱代詞則不能完全倒裝。2. 充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語的介詞短語放句首，全倒。in a lecture hall of a university sits a professor.典型例題 v1. -lets hurry. listen! there_. -oh，yes. has the teacher come yet?

3、-look! here_. a the bell goes， is he coming b goes the bell， he comes c the bell is going， he is coming d goes the bell， comes he v二、部分倒裝： 指將謂語的一部分（如助動詞、系動詞或情態(tài)動詞）倒裝至主語之前。如果句中的謂語沒有助動詞或情態(tài)動詞等，則需添加助動詞 do、does 或 did ，并將其置于主語之前。 v（一）具有否定意義的副詞放句首：（一）具有否定意義的副詞放句首： not， never， seldom， hardly， rarely， little，

4、 scarely， few v例句： 1）never have i seen such a performance. 2）nowhere will you find the answer to this question.v典型例題 1）i finally got the job i dreamed about. never in my life_ so happy!(2000，spring) a. did i feel b. i feel c. i had felt d. had i felt 2）the old couple have been married for 40 years a

5、nd never once _with each other.(2003) a. they had quarreled b. they have quarreled c. have they quarreled d. had they quarreled v（二）含有否定意義的連詞放句首（二）含有否定意義的連詞放句首: not onlybut also.， neither. nor.， no soonerthan.，scarely. than.， hardly. when.， not until. v注意注意： 1） not until 引出主從復(fù)合句，主句倒裝，主句倒裝，從句不倒裝從句不倒裝

6、。 2）not only， no sooner，hardly，scarely要倒， but (also)，than， when后面的句子不倒。 3）neither.nor.兩部分都倒裝。v典型例題v1）not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious pollution was. (95) a. did the villagers realize b. the villagers realizedc. the villagers did realize d. didnt the villagers realizev2）not only

7、 _ interested in football but_ beginning to show an interest in it.a. the teacher himself is， all his students areb. the teacher himself is， are all his studentsc. is the teacher himself， are all his studentsd. is the teacher himself， all his students are v3） not until the early years of the 19th ce

8、ntury _ what heat is. a. man did know b. man know c. didnt man know d. did man know v4）no sooner_ than it began to rain heavily. a. the game began b. has the game begun c. did the game begin d. had the game begun v5） not until i began to work _ how much time i had wasted. a. didnt i realize b. did i

9、 realize c. i didnt realize d. i realize v（三） 含有否定意義的介詞放句首： by no means， in no time， in no case， on no account， under no circumstances. 典型例題 why cant i smoke here? at no time_ in the meeting-room. a. is smoking permitted b. smoking is permitted c. smoking is it permitted d. does smoking permitted v（

10、四）so， neither， nor 作部分倒裝作部分倒裝 表示 “ 也 ” 、 “ 也不 ” 的句子要部分倒裝。 v例句： 1) tom can speak french. so can jack. 2) if you wont go， neither will i. 典型例題 -do you know jim quarrelled with his brother? -i dont know， _. a. nor dont i care b. nor do i care c. i dont care neither d. i dont care also v注意：注意： 當(dāng) so 引出的句

11、子用以對上文內(nèi)容加以證實(shí)或肯定時，不可用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。意為 “ 的確如此 ” 。 vtom asked me to go to play football and so i did.v-its raining hard. -so it is. v典型例題v -you forget your purse when you went out. -good heavens，_.(2002) a . so did i b . so i did c . i did so d. i so did v -david has made great progress recently. -_， and_.(1997

12、) a. so he has， so you have b. so he has， so have you c. so has he， so have you d. so has he， so you havev（五）（五）only 在句首要倒裝的情況在句首要倒裝的情況 v- only in this way，can you learn english well. - only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. v如果句子為主從復(fù)合句，則主句倒裝，從句不倒主句倒裝，從句不倒裝裝 。v- only when he

13、is seriously ill， does he ever stay in bed. v典型例題 v- _can you expect to get a pay rise.(2001)a. with hard work b. although work hardc. only with hard work d. now that he works hardv- only in this way_to make improvement in the operating system.(2003)a. you can hope b. you did more c. can you hope d.

14、 did you hopev（六）as， though 引導(dǎo)的倒裝句引導(dǎo)的倒裝句 as / though 引導(dǎo)的讓步從句必須將表語或狀語提前 （形容詞 、 副詞 、分詞 、 實(shí)義動詞提前）。 例句： -try hard as he will， he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily. v注意注意 :1、句首名詞不能帶任何冠詞。2、句首是實(shí)義動詞 ， 其他助動詞放在 主語后。如果實(shí)義動詞有賓語和狀語，隨實(shí)義動詞一起放在主語之前。 3、讓步狀語從句中，有 though、 although時，后面的主句不能有 but ，但是 though

15、和 yet 可連用。v典型例題 v- _，he knows a lot of things. a. the child as he is b. child as he is c. a child as he is d. child he as isv- _，i have never seen anyone whos as capable (有能力）as john.(2001) a. as long as i have traveled b. now that i have traveled c. much as i have traveled d. as i have travled so m

16、uch v（七）虛擬條件句的倒裝虛擬條件句的倒裝 虛擬條件句的從句部分如果含有 were， should， 或 had， 可將 if 省略，再把 were， should 或 had 移到從句句首，實(shí)行倒裝 。v-were they here now，they could help us. =if they were here now， they could help us. v-had you come earlier，you would have met him =if you had come earlier， you would have met him. v-should it ra

17、in，the crops would be saved. =were it to rain，the crops would be saved. v注意 : 在虛擬語氣的從句中，動詞 be 的過去時態(tài)一律用 “were” ，不用 was ， 即在從句中 be 用 were 代替。 v- if i were you， i would go to look for him. 如果我是你，就會去找他。 - if he were here， everything would be all right. 如果他在這兒，一切都會好的。 v典型例題 v- _ to do the work， i should

18、do it some other day. a. if were i b. i were c. were i d. was i v - _it rain tomorrow， we would have put off the visit to the yangpu bridge. (94)a. were b. should c. would d. willv- _ for the tree tickets，i would not have gone to the film so often. (95sh)a. if it is not b. were it not c. had not it been d. if they were not v（八）其他部分倒裝其他部分倒裝 1) so .that.， such .that.的句子結(jié)構(gòu)中，若so，such 和與其所修飾的詞置于句首，實(shí)行部分倒裝。 e.g - so frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. v典型例題vso difficult_it to live in an english-speaking country that i determined to learn english well.(2001) a. i have f