高考英語短文改錯解題指導(dǎo)教學(xué)設(shè)計及反思

1、 高考英語短文改錯解題指導(dǎo)教學(xué)設(shè)計及反思一 教學(xué)設(shè)計的背景隨著新課程改革的深入,新的高中英語新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的頒布，各地高考英語試題的變革也勢在必行。為與新教材,新課標(biāo)接軌,在繼承歷年命題傳統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)上,力求命題符合高中英語教學(xué)實際,試卷在內(nèi)容和形式上進行了創(chuàng)新和發(fā)展,設(shè)置了新的題型。其中的能力指向是考查考生的語言能力，這體現(xiàn)了新課改的要求和方向。 二 教學(xué)內(nèi)容分析短文改錯主要測試考生發(fā)現(xiàn)、判斷、糾正文章中錯誤的能力，進而考查他們用詞、詞的拼寫與搭配、詞法、句法及語篇中的行文邏輯等方面的水平。對短文改錯的解題指導(dǎo)應(yīng)讓學(xué)生了解命題特點、考查內(nèi)容、設(shè)題類型、分項訓(xùn)練入手，進而到最后的語篇訓(xùn)練，層層遞進，解

2、決學(xué)生的困惑，突破學(xué)習(xí)的盲點，最終提高解題能力。三 學(xué)習(xí)者分析學(xué)生的語言基礎(chǔ)薄弱，對基本詞匯的詞性功能、句法結(jié)構(gòu)、語法運用都存在很大的漏洞。學(xué)生對錯誤的發(fā)現(xiàn)、判斷、糾正能力比較欠缺，造成短文改錯的得分率很低。但學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)積極性很高，渴望提高解題能力。急需老師對短文改錯的答題方法進行詳細(xì)的指導(dǎo)。四 教學(xué)重難點1. 指導(dǎo)學(xué)生把握不同詞性的詞，包括實詞和虛詞的常見錯誤形式。2. 學(xué)會分析句與句、行與行之間的邏輯關(guān)系。3. 學(xué)會運用短文改錯口訣解題和檢測答案。五 教學(xué)目標(biāo)知識目標(biāo)：學(xué)生能掌握不同詞性的詞，包括實詞和虛詞的常見錯誤形式，能掌握分析句與句、行與行之間的邏輯關(guān)系。能力目標(biāo)：能靈活運用口訣答題

3、。能在語篇改錯中提高正確率。六 教學(xué)策略與情感、態(tài)度與價值觀采用自主學(xué)習(xí)策略，合作與交流策略和閱讀策略。運用直觀手段-視頻調(diào)動學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的積極性，幫助學(xué)生理解和掌握短文改錯的答題方法和訣竅。七教學(xué)設(shè)計step1. lead-in 考點年份名詞動詞形&副非謂語代詞冠詞介詞連詞2010 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2011 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2012 1 3 1 1 2 1 1 2013 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2014 1 1 4 1 2 1 2015 1 3 2 1 1 1 1 t: the table shows the main test points of p

4、roofread during the last six years. we can find it covers a wide range of different parts of speech. and the test points of each year are nearly equally distributed. (教師展示2010-2011年全國新課標(biāo)（i卷）短文改錯的測試內(nèi)容統(tǒng)計，并進行分析。)step2 analysis of setting1. discussion: what does proofreading mainly test?（學(xué)生討論短文改錯主要考什么，老

5、師進而引導(dǎo)學(xué)生明確答題時要考慮的3個方面。）t：proofreading mainly test morphology, syntax and logic. morphology refers to the usages of words of parts of speech, and syntax refers to the usages of simple sentences, compound sentences and complex sentences. logic is the logical relationship between sentences, even between

6、 lines. so if we want to improve the skills of proofreading , we should master these three aspect step by step.2. question: what are the types of errors?t: there are three types of errors. what are they?s: wrong word, missing word, unnecessary word. t: wrong words are usually notional word, that is,

7、 noun, verb, adjective, adverb, pronoun and numeral. but missing word and unnecessary word are function word, that is article, preposition and conjunction. also, during 2012-2015, the rate of setting is 8:1:1.(提醒學(xué)生錯詞一般是實詞，而缺詞和多詞一般是虛詞。常見的錯誤設(shè)置比例是8:1:1)step3 分項訓(xùn)練：t: so lets focus on the common mistakes

8、 of notional word and function word.(通過單句改錯訓(xùn)練，讓學(xué)生歸納常見錯誤,最后教師總結(jié))1.名詞 (noun)1） he was tall with broad shoulder and a beard ···. (2013全國i) 2）in that clothes shop only mans clothes are sold. 3) the airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. (2015全國i) (answers: 1. shoulder改成shoulde

9、rs 2. mans改成 mens 3. airs 改成air )s1：第一題的錯誤是沒分清名詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式，所以我們要特別注意名詞的“數(shù)”s2：第二題錯誤是名詞所有歌形式錯誤。s3：第三題錯誤是不可數(shù)名詞誤用復(fù)數(shù)。t: so the common mistakes of nouns lie in misusing the singular form and plurality form, misusing the possessive case if nouns and the forms of uncountable nouns.the common uncountable nouns :

10、information, equipment, news, time, money, advice, furniture, progress, fun.2. 動詞 (verb)1) i was only four when she passes away.（2013全國i ） 2) he said the bike outside my house was belonged to tom.3) dont be panic or get out of line , and trying to remain quiet and calm.（2014四川卷） 4) as is known to us

11、 all, remembering english words are not easy.(answers: 1. passes改成passed. 2. 去掉was. 3. trying改成try. 4. are 改成is)s1：第一題的錯誤是動詞時態(tài)錯誤s2：第二題錯誤是動詞語態(tài)錯誤， belong to 沒有被動語態(tài)。s3：第三題錯誤是主謂不一致。t：so the common mistakes of verbsoften focus on the tenses and voices of verbs, the forms of words before and after and are

12、 not the same, the verb disagrees with its subject in person and number.3. 形容詞或副詞 (adjective or adverb)1) i was beginning to get impatiently. （2013陜西） 2) there are new-built houses along the bank of the river.3) my mother makes the better biscuits in the world, so ···. （2015陜西） (answe

13、rs: 1. impatiently 改成impatient. 2. new-built 改成newly-built. 3. better改成best)s1：第一題的錯誤是系動詞get后必須跟形容詞而不是副詞。s2：第二題錯誤動詞built必須用副詞newly來修飾。s3：第三題錯誤是形容詞比較等級錯誤句中出現(xiàn)in the word應(yīng)用最高級 。t：so the common mistakes of adj. and adv often focus on misusing adj and adv, misusing the comparative degree and superlative

14、degree. 4. 非謂語動詞 (nonfinite verb)1) have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner. （2013全國ii） 2) i want to thank you again for have in your home for ···.3) felt hungry, we built a fire and barbecued the fish.（2013陜西）4) my parents will do all they can make s

15、ure ···.(answers: 1. have改成having. 2. have改成having . 3. felt 改成feeling. 4. can后補上to. )s1：第一題的錯誤是動詞不能充當(dāng)主語，必須用動名詞當(dāng)主語。s2：第二題錯誤是介詞后跟doing.s3：第三題錯誤是feel與邏輯主語we之間是主動關(guān)系，必須用feeling.s4: 第四題的錯誤是do all they can 相當(dāng)于do ones best,后需跟to do.t：so the common mistakes of nonfinite word are that the form

16、 of gerund as subjective or objective is mistaken, the misusing of the present participle and the past participle.5. 冠詞 (article)1) ···, but i miss my home in countryside.（2015全國i） 2) to keep the balance of the nature, china built a “great green wall”. 3) besides, cleo tends to bark a

17、 average of six hours a day. （2015浙江） 4) my teacher advised me to keep my diary. (answers: 1. countryside前補上the. 2. 去掉nature前的the. 3. 把a 改成an. 4. 把my 改成a.)s1：第一題的錯誤是固定用法錯用，漏掉the.s2：第二題錯誤也是固定用法錯誤，nature前不用thes3：第三題錯誤是average是元音開頭，必須用an.s4: 第四題的錯誤是慣用法記日記必須用keep a diary.t：so the common mistakes of arti

18、cle lie in the mistakes of fixed phrases and idioms, the misusing of definite article and indefinite article.6. 代詞 (pronoun)1) we must find ways to protect your environment. （2015全國i）2) i often watched they carefully to learn the techniques.3) he had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others

19、. （2013全國i） 4) this is the best film which i have ever seen. (answers: 1. your改成our. 2. they 改成their. 3.himself 改成him. 4. which改成that.)s1：第一題的錯誤是人稱代詞指代錯誤。s2：第二題錯誤人稱代詞的格錯誤，動詞后應(yīng)用賓格。s3：第三題錯誤是反身代詞himself 與主語之間沒有存在互相指代的關(guān)系，不能用反身代詞。s4: 第四題的錯誤是定語從句關(guān)系詞which 錯誤，因為先行詞film被最高級the best修飾，所以自能用that.t：so the commo

20、n mistakes of pronouns are that the case of pronoun is mistaken and the mistake of the relative pronoun in the attributive clause.7. 介詞 (preposition)1) therefore, we have more time with after-school activities. （2014全國ii)2) a great many of students would like to give up drinking. 3) then everyone in

21、 the carriage began searching the ticket. (2014浙江） (answers: 1. with改成for. 2. 去掉of. 3. searching后補上for ) s1：第一題的錯誤介詞與動詞搭配錯誤。s2：第二題錯誤a great many 是固定短語，后不跟介詞of.s3：第三題錯誤混淆了search與search for 的區(qū)別。t：so the common mistakes of preposition lie in the mistakes of fixed phrases and idioms.8. 連詞 (conjunction)1

22、) we ran to escape but fortunately no one was injured. （2014陜西） 2) if you notice that when someone is missing or hurt, tell your teacher immediately. （2014四川） 3) whatever you do, and ill be right here waiting for you.4) it was about noon before we arrived at the foot of the mountain.(answers: 1. but

23、改成and. 2. 去掉when. 3. 去掉and. 4. 把before改成when)t：so the common mistakes of conjunction lie in the misusing of and, but, or, so,the mistakes of leading word in noun clause and adverbial clause. so we must analyse the logical relationship between sentences.step4. 應(yīng)試點睛1. play a video.播放視頻短文改錯口訣視頻（小蘋果版）讓學(xué)

24、生加深印象，對不同詞性的錯誤形式進行鞏固。同時也調(diào)動了學(xué)生的興趣。2. show the limerick on the screen.展示口訣，讓學(xué)生熟記口訣，以便答題時不要有所缺漏。提醒學(xué)生可以課后學(xué)唱口訣歌。動 詞 形， 名 詞 數(shù)， 還 要 注 意 形 和 副； 非 謂 語， 細(xì) 辨 別， 介 詞, 短語 常 常 考； 習(xí) 慣 用 法 要 記 牢。代 詞 格,   細(xì) 領(lǐng) 悟； 句 子 成 分 多 分 析;冠 詞 連 詞 常 關(guān) 顧； 邏 輯 錯 誤 須 關(guān) 注。 a limerick 3. tips & steps:question：what are your st

25、eps while doing proofreading?(讓學(xué)生談做短文改錯時的解題步驟，然后老師進行更正總結(jié))t: the true steps areas follows:1) read through the passage and get the general idea. 2) read in sentences and analyze morphology, syntax and logic.3) correct errors line by line. 4) read the passage again and check the answers based on the li

26、merick. t: so the right order of the steps are:文章 句子 行 文章 5. make sure symbols are to be standardized. step5. 語篇訓(xùn)練1. a sample.教師展示一片學(xué)生寫過的一篇書面表達，要求學(xué)生小組討論錯誤在哪，并分析原因和套用的具體口訣im very glad to receive your letter. in your letter, you express your wish to know about mine recent life.with the college entranc

27、e examination approach, i feel stressed. fortunate, i have been adjusted my attitude to my study quickly and now i feel much better than before. you know, my english is a little weak, and now i spend at least one hour reading english and listening english every day. however, i think its not enough.

28、i will make a flexible schedule to balancemy study and life. limited although time is, i will spare some time to play some outdoor activity every day. i am confident that i will make a great progress . thank you for your care. （answers: 1. express改成expressed. 2. mine改成 my. 3. approach改成approaching.

29、4. fortunate改成unfortunately. 5. 去掉been. 6. and改成so. 7. listening 后補上to. 8. although改成as / though. 9. activity 改成activities. 10. 去掉ass analyze the reasons and t of tell the limerick.2. four principles:t: while doing proofreading ,we should follow the four principles.（教師說明四大原則，并舉例說明） 錯誤以改動最少為好的原則。 實詞以

30、改變形式為好的原則。 im sure well have a wonderfully time together. 虛詞以添加或刪除為原則。 they are afraid of i will feel lonely. 原意應(yīng)保持不變的原則。 but i know a bull can run more faster than a man. 2. four aspects unchangedt reminds the students to remember four aspects unchanged. they are the punctuation, spelling, the orde

31、r of words and capital and low-case letters.step6. practicet gets the students to finish the following proofreading, then check the answers.last tuesday, the students union in our school advised senior three students shall do something specially for their parents on their 18th birthdays. all the stu

32、dents are active in responding it and most of them have come up with their ideas. some choose to write a letter, saying its a best way to express their appreciations as well as love for their parents. others will prefer to cook a big meal to show that theyve already grown up.as for me, i want to comb hair and wash feet for my parents. by doing which my parents have been doing for me i can really know how much theyve devoted to bring me up. being 18 years ol