高中英語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)專題講解PPT課件

1、121分詞作狀語(yǔ)的基本原則分詞作狀語(yǔ)的基本原則分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)必須與句子的主語(yǔ)分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)必須與句子的主語(yǔ)保持一致。分詞作狀語(yǔ)必須和句中主語(yǔ)含有邏輯保持一致。分詞作狀語(yǔ)必須和句中主語(yǔ)含有邏輯上的主謂或動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，否則不能使用分詞作狀語(yǔ)上的主謂或動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，否則不能使用分詞作狀語(yǔ)。_ from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees. _ from the top of the tower, we can find the south foot of the mounta

2、in is a sea of trees. a. seen b. seeing c. have seen d. to see32分詞作狀語(yǔ)的句法功能：分詞或分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以分詞作狀語(yǔ)的句法功能：分詞或分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以表時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、行為方式、伴隨狀況等。表時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、行為方式、伴隨狀況等。表示時(shí)間關(guān)系的分詞短語(yǔ)有時(shí)可由連詞表示時(shí)間關(guān)系的分詞短語(yǔ)有時(shí)可由連詞while 或或when 引出。引出。hearing the news, they got excited. (時(shí)間時(shí)間)be careful while / when crossing the

3、street. (時(shí)間時(shí)間)having been bitten by a snake, she was frightened at it. (原因原因)given a chance, i can surprise the world. (條件條件)the cup dropped to the ground, breaking into pieces. (結(jié)果結(jié)果)having been told many times, he still repeated the same mistake. (讓步讓步)the teacher came into the lab, followed by so

4、me students. (伴隨狀況伴隨狀況) 4heated,water changes into steam.united,we stand;divided,we fall.seriously injured,he had to be taken to hospital.she walked out of the house,followed by her little daughter.51. 表目的：表目的： 有時(shí)候用有時(shí)候用in order to do / so as to do(不用于不用于句首句首)he got up early in order to catch the fir

5、st bus. the bus stopped so as to pick up passengers. in order to arrive before dark, we started early. 2. 表原因：在某些形容詞作表語(yǔ)，表示喜、怒、衷、樂(lè)表原因：在某些形容詞作表語(yǔ)，表示喜、怒、衷、樂(lè)后跟不定式表示原因：后跟不定式表示原因：easy,difficult,hard,cheap,expensive,fit,comfortable,heavy,good,important,impossible,dangerous,surprised,astonished,delighted,dis

6、appointedi am glad to hear the news.i am so sorry to hear your mother is ill. 63. 表結(jié)果表結(jié)果she went abroad never to return. my grandmother lived to see the liberation of china. 1) so adj. as to do / such as to he was so angry as to be unable to speak. we are not such fools as to believe him.2) tooto, e

7、nough to do等結(jié)構(gòu)表示結(jié)果等結(jié)構(gòu)表示結(jié)果this book is easy enough for me to read. the ice is thick enough to walk on.she is too tired to do the job. 3) only to (表未曾料到的結(jié)果表未曾料到的結(jié)果)they lifted a rock only to drop it on their own feet. i went to see him only to find him out.注意：動(dòng)詞作結(jié)果作狀語(yǔ)表示未曾預(yù)料的結(jié)果，而現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)注意：動(dòng)詞作結(jié)果作狀語(yǔ)表示未曾預(yù)料

8、的結(jié)果，而現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)表示自然而然或必然的結(jié)果。果狀語(yǔ)表示自然而然或必然的結(jié)果。her husband died in 1942, leaving her with five children. the bus was held up by snowstorm, thus causing the delay. 7特殊的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)特殊的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu) 有些非謂語(yǔ)形式已成為固定用語(yǔ)，用來(lái)表示說(shuō)有些非謂語(yǔ)形式已成為固定用語(yǔ)，用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)說(shuō)話內(nèi)容所特的態(tài)度。話人對(duì)說(shuō)話內(nèi)容所特的態(tài)度。1) 現(xiàn)在分詞的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)在分詞的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu) judging from / by; generally/strictly

9、/frankly speaking; according to; including; owing to; talking/ speaking of (談及談及)2) 過(guò)去分詞的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)過(guò)去分詞的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu) given(考慮到考慮到); provided that(如果如果)3) 不定式的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)不定式的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu) to tell you the truth; to make things worse; to begin with / to start with / to be frank4) 動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形 believe it or not (信不信由你信不信由你)5) 作連詞的分詞作連詞的

10、分詞 ,這些詞用來(lái)表示條件的連詞，后接這些詞用來(lái)表示條件的連詞，后接that 從句。從句。 considering (考慮到，就考慮到，就而言而言)，providing / provided 假如，假如， supposing 假如假如8非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做狀語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做狀語(yǔ) (選用所給詞的正確形式填空：選用所給詞的正確形式填空：pass, compare, follow, follow, walk, dress, lose)_ a post office, i stopped to buy some stamps._ with the old one, the new building looks

11、pretty._ by a group of students, the professor came in._ the students, the professor came in._ in the street, he spotted his best friend._ in a new skirt, she stood out at the party._ in the strange city, the little girl was scared.passing compared followed following walking dressed lost 9四、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀

12、語(yǔ)：四、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)：位置靈活，常用逗號(hào)與句子主位置靈活，常用逗號(hào)與句子主題分開(kāi)，在句中常作狀語(yǔ)，表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、伴隨、題分開(kāi)，在句中常作狀語(yǔ)，表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、伴隨、目的等，還可以作定語(yǔ)。目的等，還可以作定語(yǔ)。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成：獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成：名詞名詞(代詞代詞)現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞(與前面構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系與前面構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系)：weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.名詞名詞(代詞代詞)過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞(與前面構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系與前面構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系)：the test finished, we began our h

13、oliday.名詞名詞(代詞代詞)不定式不定式(表將來(lái)表將來(lái))：there being no bus, we had to walk home.名詞名詞(代詞代詞)副詞：副詞：he came into the room, his ears red with cold. 名詞名詞(代詞代詞)形容詞：形容詞：the firm, itself immense, did not disdain the petty retail dealing. 這家公司盡管規(guī)模很大，但并不輕視這筆這家公司盡管規(guī)模很大，但并不輕視這筆小零售生意。小零售生意。名詞名詞(代詞代詞)介詞短語(yǔ)：介詞短語(yǔ)：he came out

14、 of the library, a large book under his arm.名詞名詞(代詞代詞)名詞：名詞： the villagers, most of them women and children, were killed that night.10【題型一】利用黃金法則分析法解題【題型一】利用黃金法則分析法解題1.all the task _ ahead of time, they decided to go on holiday for a week.a. had been finishedb. were finishedc. having been finished d

15、. has been finished2. _many times , but he still couldnt understand it .3. _many times , he still couldnt understand it . a. having been told b. told c. he was told d. though he told4._ i met him, i thought he was a serious man.a. for the first time b. the first time c. it was the first time d. by the first time11(1) they put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _ carried out in the