姜非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語.ppt名師制作優(yōu)質(zhì)教學(xué)資料

1、unit 41.動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing形式的作用：形式的作用： 觀察下列例句，思考劃線部分作用。觀察下列例句，思考劃線部分作用。 (1) this is an interesting book. ( ) (2) the man sitting by the window is our maths teacher. ( ) (3) seeing the teacher entering the room, the students stood up. ( ) (4) i saw the boy walking on the street yesterday. ( ) (5) playing footb

2、all is his favotire sport. ( ) (6) i didnt stop working last night. ( ) (7) my work is teaching english. ( )定語定語定語定語狀語狀語賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ) 主語主語賓語賓語表語表語 1. _ dogs seldom bite. a. bark b. to bark c. barked d. barking 2. the wolf spoke in a _ voice and mr. dongguo felt_. a. frightening; frightened b. frightened; fri

3、ghtened c. frighten; frightening d. frightening; frighteningda 3. its pleasure to watch the face of a _ baby. a. asleep b. sleep c. sleeping d. slept 4. the _ buildings showed us that an earthquake was coming. a. shaking b. shook c. shaken d. shake ca歸納總結(jié)：歸納總結(jié)：動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing是是_中的一種，中的一種，單獨(dú)使用時(shí)，能在句中做除單獨(dú)使用時(shí)，

4、能在句中做除_之外的任之外的任何其他句子成分。如：主語、賓語、表語、定何其他句子成分。如：主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語、賓補(bǔ)等。語、狀語、賓補(bǔ)等。在語態(tài)上，動(dòng)詞在語態(tài)上，動(dòng)詞-ing表示表示_（主動(dòng)（主動(dòng)/被動(dòng)的被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。在時(shí)間上，動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作。在時(shí)間上，動(dòng)詞-ing一般表示一般表示_（正在進(jìn)行（正在進(jìn)行/已經(jīng)完成）的動(dòng)作。已經(jīng)完成）的動(dòng)作。 動(dòng)詞非謂語形式動(dòng)詞非謂語形式謂語謂語主動(dòng)主動(dòng)正在進(jìn)行正在進(jìn)行語態(tài)語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)一般式一般式完成式完成式(not) doing(not) being done(not)having done(not)having been do

5、ne1.v-ing 形式由形式由 “doing” 構(gòu)構(gòu)成成, 否定形式是否定形式是 “not doing”. 定義：說明事物發(fā)生的時(shí)間，原因，定義：說明事物發(fā)生的時(shí)間，原因，條件，方式或伴隨，地點(diǎn)，結(jié)果，讓步，條件，方式或伴隨，地點(diǎn)，結(jié)果，讓步，程度等情況的詞叫做狀語。程度等情況的詞叫做狀語。 狀語可以由副詞，短語以及從句來狀語可以由副詞，短語以及從句來擔(dān)任。擔(dān)任。because i catch a cold, i dont feel like going school tomorrow.v-ing 作狀語作狀語 的的用法用法即：即：v-ingv-ing短語在句子中作狀語短語在句子中作狀語往往

6、和邏輯往往和邏輯主語之間存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系。主語之間存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系?？梢员硎緯r(shí)間，原可以表示時(shí)間，原因，結(jié)果，條件，讓步，方式或伴隨動(dòng)作等。因，結(jié)果，條件，讓步，方式或伴隨動(dòng)作等?，F(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞一般不用作表目的狀語一般不用作表目的狀語（通常用不（通常用不定式表目的地狀語）。定式表目的地狀語）。 例如：例如： i ran out of the house shouting. sally was lying in bed crying. 齊讀齊讀:1.動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing 形式作狀語時(shí)形式作狀語時(shí),通常表通常表示主語示主語正在進(jìn)行正在進(jìn)行的另一動(dòng)作的另一動(dòng)作,來對(duì)謂語來對(duì)謂語表示的主要?jiǎng)幼骷右孕揎椈蜃鳛榕阋r

7、。表示的主要?jiǎng)幼骷右孕揎椈蜃鳛榕阋r。i got home, feeling very tired. 重點(diǎn)重點(diǎn):現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語,相當(dāng)于相應(yīng)的狀語從句。相當(dāng)于相應(yīng)的狀語從句?？键c(diǎn)：如何將考點(diǎn)：如何將現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞轉(zhuǎn)換為轉(zhuǎn)換為狀語狀語從句！從句！1). walking in the street, i saw a beautiful girl.2). having turned off the tv set, he began to go over chinese.時(shí)間時(shí)間when i was walking in the street，時(shí)間時(shí)間after he had turned

8、 off the tv set,1.作時(shí)間狀語作時(shí)間狀語,相當(dāng)于時(shí)間狀語從句。相當(dāng)于時(shí)間狀語從句。 常用常用引導(dǎo)詞：引導(dǎo)詞：when, while, as ,once, since, before, after, till, until, as soon as 等等 。1). being too young, he couldnt join the army.2). not knowing her address, we cant get in touch with her.原因原因because he was too young, 原因原因as we dont know her addres

9、s，2. 作原因狀語，作原因狀語，相當(dāng)于原因狀語從句相當(dāng)于原因狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞：常用引導(dǎo)詞：because, since, as 1). using your head, youll find a good way.2). working hard, youll surely succeed.條件條件if you use your head, 條件條件if you work hard，3. 作條件狀語，作條件狀語，相當(dāng)于條件狀語從句相當(dāng)于條件狀語從句 條件狀語從句條件狀語從句 常用引導(dǎo)詞：常用引導(dǎo)詞：if, unless, 1). she stood there waiting for to

10、m.2). he came running back to tell me the news. 伴隨伴隨= she stood there and waited for tom.方式方式4. 作方式狀語或伴隨狀語，作方式狀語或伴隨狀語， 相當(dāng)于并列句相當(dāng)于并列句“and”.他們笑著談著走進(jìn)了教室。他們笑著談著走進(jìn)了教室。_, they went into the classroom.他斜靠他斜靠(lean)著墻站著。著墻站著。he stood _the wall.(he stood and leaned against the wall.)laughing and talkingleaning

11、 against1). the child fell, striking his head against the door and cutting it.結(jié)果結(jié)果so his head stroke against the door and cut. “所以所以”常用引導(dǎo)詞：常用引導(dǎo)詞：so , so that 等。等。5. 作結(jié)果狀語作結(jié)果狀語,相當(dāng)相當(dāng)于結(jié)果狀從。于結(jié)果狀從。1). knowing all this, the guard didnt let me enter the lecture hall.讓步讓步although he knew常用引導(dǎo)詞：常用引導(dǎo)詞：although

12、 ,though 等。等。5. 作讓步狀語作讓步狀語,相當(dāng)相當(dāng)于讓步狀從。于讓步狀從。注意：注意： 1.當(dāng)現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)當(dāng)現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之前時(shí)，應(yīng)使用完成式：詞動(dòng)作之前時(shí)，應(yīng)使用完成式： having finished his homework, he rushed out to play basketball.2. 當(dāng)現(xiàn)在分詞與句子的主語之間存在當(dāng)現(xiàn)在分詞與句子的主語之間存在著邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)式著邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)式：being helped by tom, she will learn english well.havin

13、g donebeing done3. 當(dāng)現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語當(dāng)現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之前時(shí)，被動(dòng)式應(yīng)使用完成式：動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之前時(shí)，被動(dòng)式應(yīng)使用完成式：having been translated into many languages, the book was widely read all over the world.having been done觀察下列觀察下列2個(gè)句子個(gè)句子, 體會(huì)體會(huì)having done與與doing的不同的用法的不同的用法(1) having written the letter, john went to the post off

14、ice.(2) seeing the beautiful sight, the children felt excited. 總結(jié)總結(jié): v-ingdoinghaving done 表動(dòng)作表動(dòng)作有先有后有先有后表動(dòng)作表動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生同時(shí)發(fā)生一般式一般式完成式完成式 （1） walking through the park, we saw lots of flowers. （2）walking through the park, the flowers looked nice.（3）standing on the tower, we could see the whole city. （4）sta

15、nding on the tower, the whole village could be seen. 4. 現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時(shí)，它的邏輯主語必現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時(shí)，它的邏輯主語必須與主句的主語是一致的。須與主句的主語是一致的。5. 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：spring coming on, the trees turned green.her mother being ill, she had to look after her at home.time permitting, well visit the great wall.he guiding the blind man, they

16、walked slowly across the street.6. 固定結(jié)構(gòu)：固定結(jié)構(gòu)：judging from his appearance, he must be very rich.generally speaking, his answer is right.considering everything, they did a good job.exercise1:1). _ the child to bed, she began to correct the students homework.a. sending b. being sent c. sent d. having s

17、ent2). be careful when / while _ (cross)the street.3). _ ( 聽到這個(gè)消息聽到這個(gè)消息) , we got excited.crossinghearing the newsexercise2: 1).她被蛇咬了三次后，她看見蛇后就害怕。她被蛇咬了三次后，她看見蛇后就害怕。_,2).正在進(jìn)行的那個(gè)會(huì)議非常重要。正在進(jìn)行的那個(gè)會(huì)議非常重要。_for three times she feels frightened when seeing the snake.having been bitten by the snakethe meeting

18、being held now is of great importance.舉一反三舉一反三 : v-ingdoinghaving done一般式一般式完成式完成式being donehaving been done主動(dòng)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)被動(dòng) 1)_him the answer several times, i didt know whether he could understand. 2)_the answer several times , he still couldnt sovle the question.having toldhaving been toldexercise3: 用用hav

19、ing been told having told填空：填空：主動(dòng)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)被動(dòng)歸納歸納主句主語為動(dòng)作的主句主語為動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者發(fā)出者。主句主語為動(dòng)作的主句主語為動(dòng)作的承受者承受者。前后主語是否一致是解題的關(guān)鍵：前后主語是否一致是解題的關(guān)鍵：1.when we stand on the hill, we can see our school. (when) standing on the hill ,we can see .2.when we see our school on the hill, our school looks like a big garden. (when) seen on

20、 the hill, our school looks.1. if you gave me more time ,i can do it better. =given more time, i can do it better2. though it is very small, the computer can do a lot of things. = though being very small, the computer can do a lot of things.3. when he heard the news, he jumped up.=hearing the news,

21、he jumped up.4.because we didnt know his address, we had to wait for him outside.= not knowing his address, we had to wait for him outside. 1. having not seen the film, i cant tell you what i think of it. 2. the men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. 3. seen from the top of the hill, we find t

22、he city more beautiful. 4. generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too.not havingworkingseeingspeakingcorrect the sentences.5. “ cant you read?” the man said, angrily pointed to the notice on the wall.6. knocking at the door before entering, please.7. european football is pla

23、yed in 80 countries, made it the most popular sport in the world.pointingknockmakingchoose the best answer. 1. they set out _ for the _ boy. a. searching; losing b. searching; lost c. to search; lost d. searched; losing 2. the student sat there, _ what to do. a. doesnt knowing b. didnt knowing c. no

24、t know d. not knowingbd 3. he sat there _ , with his head on his hand. a. and think b. thinking c. thought d. being thought 4. the _ prime minister expressed his satisfaction with his talks, _ that he had enjoyed his stay here. a. visiting; add b. visited; adding c. visiting; adding d. visited; adde

25、dbc 5. the stranger said something in _ voice and the little girl was very much _ a. frightening, frightened b. frightened, frightening c. frightening, frightening d. frightened, frighteneda 6. _the piano, someone suddenly knocked at the door. a. playing b. when i was playing c. repairing d. examiningb 7. mother caught the boy _ in the corner. a. smoke b. to smoke c. being smoked d. smokingd 8. generally speaking, _ accord