初二現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)反義疑問句過去進(jìn)行時(shí)不定式專題練習(xí)

1、學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（一）、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：1. 表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果或影響； 此種用法中的動(dòng)詞一般為終止性動(dòng)詞（也稱非連續(xù)性動(dòng)詞），常與 just,ever, never, yet, already, before等副詞連用；i have already seen the film.我已經(jīng)看過那部電影了；（說明已知道內(nèi)容，或不想再看了）she has just closed the door.她剛把門關(guān)上；（說明門現(xiàn)在是關(guān)著的）2、表示過去已經(jīng)開頭，連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，甚至仍可能連續(xù)下去，常與 for或 since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)

2、間狀語(yǔ)連用；i have known jim for two years.我熟悉吉姆兩年了；they have lived there since1995.從 1995 年以來他們就住在那兒；連續(xù)性動(dòng)詞可以和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用；終止性動(dòng)詞所表示的是短暫的動(dòng)作，如borrow, lend, buy, come, go, put, take, open, leave, give, die, finish, become等，不能和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，一般要改為能夠表示連續(xù)狀態(tài)的詞或短語(yǔ)；如：buy-haveborrow/lend-keepdie-be deadcome/go bebegin

3、be on她奶奶去世五年了；her grandma has died for five years. wrongher grandma has been dead for five years. right（二）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成：1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)由 " 助動(dòng)詞 have/has+ 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞" 構(gòu)成；除主語(yǔ)是第三人稱用has 外，其它人稱的主語(yǔ)都用have ；she has finished her homework.她已做完作業(yè)了；we have cleaned our classroom.我們已經(jīng)打掃完教室了；2. 否定句結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞 have/has + no

4、t +動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+其它；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定句， 只需直接在助動(dòng)詞have /has后面加上 not 構(gòu)成；have not與 has not可分別縮寫為haven't與 hasn't；確定句中有already時(shí)，一般要該為yet ； they haven't spoken to a foreigner；他們?nèi)詻]有與外國(guó)人說過話； miss gao hasn't come back yet；高老師仍沒有回來；3. 一般疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)：助動(dòng)詞have/has+ 主語(yǔ) +動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+其它 .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般疑問句直接把 have/has 提到主語(yǔ)之前構(gòu)成， 同時(shí)也要

5、把句中的 already 該為 yet ；確定的簡(jiǎn)略回答為： "yes, 主語(yǔ) +have/has". 有時(shí)也可用 "yes, already". 否定的簡(jiǎn)略回答為 "no, 主語(yǔ) +haven't/hasn't ." 有時(shí)也可用 "no, not yet./ no, never./ notyet. "等；1. -have you returned the book.你把那本書仍了嗎？-yes, i have.是的，我仍了；2. -have you found your lost bike yet.

6、沒有；你找到你丟失的自行車了嗎？-no, not yet.仍二、反義疑問句：反義疑問句它表示提問人的看法，沒有把握，需要對(duì)方證明；反意疑問句由兩部分組成：前一部分是一個(gè)陳述句，后一部分是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短的疑問句，兩部分的人稱時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)保持一樣；（一） 1、 陳述部分確定式+疑問部分否定式they work hare, don t they.she was ill yesterday, wasn t she.2、 陳述部分否定式+疑問部分確定式學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載you didn t go, did you.he can t ride a bike, can he.（二）特別用法1 當(dāng)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是i , e

7、veryone, everything, nobody時(shí)，后面的疑問句應(yīng)表示為：i am a student, arenetvieryone is in the classroom, aren t they.everything begins to grow in spring, doesnnotbiot.dy will go, will they.2. 當(dāng)陳述部分有never， seldom, hardly ，few ， little ， barely, scarcely, nothing等否定詞時(shí)，后面的疑問句就表示為：there are few apples in the basket,

8、 are there.he can hardly swim, can he. they seldom come late, do they.3、let 開頭的祈使句要留意：（ 1） .let 在s意義上包含談話的對(duì)方在內(nèi)，表示提出建議或征求對(duì)方看法，其反意疑問句往往用 shall we ；例let s go out for a walk, shall we.（2）. let us 在意義上一般不包含談話的對(duì)方在內(nèi)，表示懇求對(duì)方答應(yīng)做某事的含義，let 有allow 的意思；附加疑問部分用will you ；例：let us go our for a walk, will you.（3） . l

9、et me開頭表示懇求，附加疑問句用will you ，或用 mayi例、 let me water the flower,may i / will you.（三）關(guān)于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的反意疑問句1陳述部分中有have 一詞， 且表示 “全部 ”含義時(shí)， 附加疑問句部分既可用have 也可用 do； 2陳述部分中有have to，附加疑問句部分用do；3含有 ought to 的反意疑問句，陳述部分是確定的，疑問部分用shouldn't / oughtn't + 主語(yǔ)；he ought to know what to do, oughtn't he. / shouldn'

10、;t he.4陳述部分有used to，附加疑問句部分可用used 也可以用did ； 5陳述部分有needn 時(shí)t，附加疑問句部分用need 但有時(shí)也可用must； 陳述部分有had better + v. 疑問句部分用hadn't you.6、you'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you.7、. 陳述部分有would rather +v. ，疑問部分多用wouldn't + 主語(yǔ)；（四）反義疑問句的答語(yǔ)對(duì)于反義疑問句的回答，不管問題提法如何， 依據(jù)事實(shí)來回答， 假如事實(shí)是確定的， 就用“ yes+確定結(jié)構(gòu)”來回答，

11、假如事實(shí)是否定的，就用“no+否定結(jié)構(gòu)” 回答；he is a student,isnt he. yes,he is 是的，他是no he isn t 不，他不是kate didn t play the piano yesterday, did she.yes ,she is 不，她彈了； no， she didnt 是的，她沒彈三、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在過去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；其形式為was /were + v-ing ；常與表示過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如：last night, last saturday 等；或者與 when, while,as 引導(dǎo)的過去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用

12、；we were watching tv from seven to nine last night.昨天晚上七點(diǎn)到九點(diǎn)的時(shí)候我們?cè)诳措娨?；what was he researching all day last sunday.上周日他一成天都在討論什么1) 表示過去某一時(shí)刻或過去某段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，一般要有表示過去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)；例如： at that time she was working in oxford.那時(shí)，她正在牛津高校工作；it was raining at 6 o'clock this morning.今日早晨六點(diǎn)鐘天正下著雨；what were you doin

13、g when i phoned you last night.昨晚我給你打電話時(shí)你在干什么？2) 在含有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中，連續(xù)性動(dòng)詞用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，非連續(xù)性動(dòng)詞用一般過去學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載時(shí)；例如：they were watching tv when i entered the room我.電視；進(jìn)入房間時(shí)， 他們正在看如主句和從句的動(dòng)詞均為連續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，就可以兩邊都可以采納過去進(jìn)行時(shí)；例如： the children were playing with their toys while i was eating my dinner.3）與某些動(dòng)詞連用時(shí)，代替過去將來時(shí)； 這類動(dòng)詞有come

14、來,go 去,leave 離開 ,start開頭 ,stay 逗留等；主語(yǔ)必需是人；例如： he telephoned me, saying that his aunt was coming to see me soon.他打電話給我，說他姨媽很快就要看我了；留意：（一）過去進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)分；a. 進(jìn)行時(shí)表某一行為的" 片斷 " 一般時(shí)表示行為的" 整體 " 和存在的狀態(tài)；i was reading the book at that time.未讀完， " 讀" 的片段 i read the book yesterday.已讀

15、完，表整個(gè) " 讀"b. 一般連續(xù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)多與進(jìn)行時(shí)連用it was raining all night. 優(yōu)先用 was raining ,rained 為連續(xù)動(dòng)詞，故也可使用 he was writing a letter the whole of afternoon.短暫動(dòng)詞與連續(xù)時(shí)間連用，表反復(fù)，連續(xù)發(fā)生，不行用一般過去時(shí)c. while時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中用短暫動(dòng)詞時(shí)只能用進(jìn)行時(shí)；例如： he broke a chair while he was jumping up and down.四、動(dòng)詞不定時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載diy1. - mum, may i go out a

16、nd play basketball.- you your homework yet.a. do; finishb. are; finishingc. did; finishd. have; finished2. - you anywhere before.- yes, but i can't remember where i a. did; surf; surfedb. have; surfed; surfedc. did; surf; have surfedd. have; surfed; have surfed3. his brother has been to stone fo

17、rest twice he came to yunnan.a. afterb. beforec. sinced. for4. tom the cd player for two weeks.a. has lentb. has borrowedc. has boughtd. has had5. i a letter from him since he left.a. didn't receiveb. haven't gotc. didn't haved. haven't heard6. i a meal when you me.a. cooked, were ri

18、ngingb. was cooking, rangc. was cooking, were ringingd. cooked, rang7. while she tv , she a sound outside the room.a. was watching, was hearing b.watched, was hearing c. watched, heard d. was watching, heard8. they a football game from 7 to 9 last night.a. were watchingb. watchc. watchedd. are watch

19、ing9. - have you ever lintong to see the terra cotta warriors.- yes, i have.a. went tob. gone toc. been ind. been to10. i won't go to the concert because i my ticket.a. lostb. don't losec. have lostd. is coming11. - have you ever the great wall.- yes, twice.a. beenb. been toc. went tod. gone

20、 to12. when henry arrived at the bus stop, the bus for two hours.a. has leftb. had leftc. has been awayd. had been away13. i the league for five years so far.a. joinedb. have joinedc. have been ind. join學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載14. it was friday evening. mr and mrs. green ready to fly to england.a. are gettingb. get

21、c. were gettingd. got15. we fortom at ten last sunday. he often kept us .a. were waiting, waitingb. were waiting, waitc. waited, waitingd. waited, wait16. he his father on the farm the whole afternoon last saturday.a. helpsb. would helpc. was helpingd. is helping17. while mother some washing, i a ki

22、te for kate.a. did, madeb. was doing, made c. was doing, was makingd. did, was making18. he some cooking at that time, so mea. did, heardb. did, didn t ch.ewaar s doing, heardd. was doing, didn t hear19. this time yesterday jack his bike. he tva. repaired, didn t watchb. was repairing, watchedc. rep

23、aired, watchedd. was repairing, wasn t watching 20.my brother while he his bicycle and hurt himself.a. fell, was riding b. fell, were ridingc. had fallen, rode d. had fallen, was riding21. he has never visited the great wall, .a. hasn't heb. has hec. doesn't hed. doesn't he 22.mother me

24、a new coat yesterday. i it on. it fits me well.a. had madehave triedb. madehave triedc. has madetriedd. madetried23 "he to draw horses already". when he ."" last year "a. learnedhasb. learneddidc. has learnedhasd. has learneddid24. my brother while he his bicycle and hurt hi

25、mself.a. fell, was ridingb. fell, were ridingc. had fallen, roded. had fallen, was riding25. tom into the house when no one .a. slipped, was lookingb. had slipped, lookedc. slipped, had lookedd. was slipping, looked學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載26.-hey, look where you are going.-oh, i'm terribly sorry. .a. i'm no

26、t noticingb. i wasn't noticingc. i haven't noticedd. i don't notice27. the reporter said that the ufo east to west when he saw it.a. was travelingb. traveledc. had been travelingd. was to travel28. i my breakfast when the morning post came.a. was speakingb. spokec. had been speakingd. ha

27、d spoken29. - "what's the matter, ali. you look sad."- "oh, nothing much. as a matter of fact, i of my friends back home."a. just thoughtb. have just been thinkingc. was just thinkingd. have just thought二用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空；1. i have my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.2.

28、mary go over her lessons from six to seven last night.3. what you do at that time.we watch tv .4. was your father at home yesterday evening. yes ,he was. he listen to the radio.5. they not make a model ship when i saw him.6. they have a meeting at 4 yesterday afternoon.no, they . they clean the classroom.7. when the bell rang, jenny wait in her seat.8. she make her dress the whole afternoon.9. while my father look through the eve