初中英語學(xué)習(xí)八時(shí)態(tài)

1、 . 初中英語八種時(shí)態(tài)歸納復(fù)習(xí)初中英語八種時(shí)態(tài)歸納復(fù)習(xí)一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)二、一般過去時(shí)二、一般過去時(shí)三、三、一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)四、四、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)五、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)五、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)六、六、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)八、過去將來時(shí)八、過去將來時(shí) 七、過去完成時(shí)七、過去完成時(shí)1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：2. 一般過去時(shí)：一般過去時(shí)：3. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：4. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：5. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：6. 過去完成時(shí)：過去完成時(shí)：7. 一般將來時(shí)：一般將來時(shí)：8. 過去將來時(shí)：過去將來時(shí)：every 概念：概念：經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為及現(xiàn)在的 某種 狀況。 Back

2、時(shí)間狀語：時(shí)間狀語：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month), once a week, on Sundays, etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動(dòng)詞；行為動(dòng)詞1.The boy usually _(play)football after school.2. There _(be)many people in the world.3. The sun _(rise) in the east and _(set) in the west.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)否定形式：否定形式：am/is/are+not;此時(shí)態(tài)

3、的謂語動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞，則在其前加dont,如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesnt，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。一般疑問句：一般疑問句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do提問，如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does，同時(shí)，還原行為動(dòng)詞。1. He does his homework every day.(改為否定句） He _ _his homework every day.2. Mr. Smith has a meeting every week. (改為否定） Mr. Smith _ _a meeting every week.doesntdodoesnthave1. I often go shoppin

4、g on Sundays. _ you often _ shopping on Sundays?2. Tom always has a shower in the morning. _ Tom always _ a shower in the morning?DogoDoeshave1）下列動(dòng)詞：下列動(dòng)詞：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。這主要用來表示在時(shí)間上已的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。這主要用來表示在時(shí)間上已確定或安排好的事情。確定或安排好的事情。 The train leaves at six tomorrow mor

5、ning. When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes.2）倒裝句，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，如：倒裝句，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，如： Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.3）在時(shí)間或條件句中。在時(shí)間或條件句中。 When Bill comes (不是不是will come), ask him to wait for me. Ill write to you as soon as I arrive there.4）在動(dòng)詞在動(dòng)詞

6、hope, take care that, make sure that等后等后。 I hope they have a nice time next week. Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room1.They usually have lunch at factory. They usually have lunch at factory_ _? 2.The boy hardly knows anything about it. The boy hardly knows anything about

7、it,_ _?donttheydoeshe反義疑問句：反義疑問句：肯定的陳述句+否定的疑問句； 否定的陳述句+肯定的疑問句。特殊疑問句：特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句的語序。1. He weighs 70 kilograms . How much does he weigh?2. We have a class meeting once a week.How often do you have a class meeting?概念：概念：過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。時(shí)間狀語：時(shí)間狀語：ago, yesterday, the day before yest

8、erday, last week(year, night, month), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動(dòng)詞；行為動(dòng)詞Back否定形式：否定形式：was/were+not;在行為動(dòng)詞前加didnt，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。一般疑問句：一般疑問句：was或were放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do的過去式did 提問，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)用在條件句中表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)硎聦?shí)不符的虛擬語氣。用在條件句中表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)硎聦?shí)不符的虛擬語氣。 If

9、 I were a bird, I would fly to Beijing. If he were here now, we could turn to him for help.1. I _ in that university ten years ago.（be)2. They at home at that time. (be)3. She well when I last saw her. (not look)Back 6. you well last night? (sleep) 7. It on a cold winter morning. (happen) 4. Mary at

10、 school yesterday. (not be)5. They told me that the rats a real problem around here. (be not ) wasweredidnt lookwasntwerentDidsleephappened概念：概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為。 時(shí)間狀語：時(shí)間狀語：now, at the moment , these days, etc. 或引起對(duì)方注意的詞，如：look , listening , stop talking, 等。 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are+doing 否定形式：否定形式：am

11、/is/are+not+doing. 一般疑問句一般疑問句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首。 Back現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 1. 表示現(xiàn)在表示現(xiàn)在( 指說話人說話時(shí)指說話人說話時(shí)) 正在發(fā)生的事情。例正在發(fā)生的事情。例如：如： We are waiting for you. 2. 習(xí)慣進(jìn)行：表示長(zhǎng)期的或重復(fù)性的動(dòng)作，說話時(shí)動(dòng)作未習(xí)慣進(jìn)行：表示長(zhǎng)期的或重復(fù)性的動(dòng)作，說話時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行。例如：必正在進(jìn)行。例如： Mr. Green is writing another novel. (說話時(shí)并未在寫，只處于寫作的狀態(tài)。說話時(shí)并未在寫，只處于寫作的狀態(tài)。) She is learning piano und

12、er Mr. Smith. 3. 表示漸變的動(dòng)詞有：表示漸變的動(dòng)詞有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。等。 The leaves are turning red. Its getting warmer and warmer. 4. 與與always, constantly, forever 等詞連用，表示反復(fù)等詞連用，表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài)，往往帶有說話人的主觀色彩。發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài)，往往帶有說話人的主觀色彩。 You are always changing your mind. 如：如：have, belong, cos

13、t, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue I have two brothers. This house belongs to my sister.如：如：know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate I need your help. He loves her very much.如：如：accept

14、, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse. I accept your advice.如：如：seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn You seem a little tired.Back1.It is six oclock now. Jack _newspapers. (deliver)2. It is late at night. _the twins still _TV? (watch)3. Dont shout. Ou

15、r teachers _an important meeting in the next room? (have)4. A: Where is your monitor ? B: He _a model ship in the classroom. (make)5. _you_ better today? (feel)6. Spring is here. It_warmer and warmer.(get)概念：概念：1、表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某段時(shí)間正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動(dòng)作。時(shí)間狀語：時(shí)間狀語： at that time, this time yesterday, at eight ocloc

16、k last night , from May to October last year 等?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)：基本結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+doing否定形式：否定形式：was/were + not + doing.一般疑問句：一般疑問句：把was或were放于句首。 Back過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí) 2、表示過去的一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)候，另一個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。以when引導(dǎo)的謂語動(dòng)詞是一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語等。1. -_ he _ TV this time yesterday? -No, he _.(watch) 2. They _(not do)homework when I got back.3. When

17、 I called him, he _(have)dinner.Back4. While Mary _(work)as a waitress , her friends _(study) at university.概念：概念：過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或某個(gè)從過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。 時(shí)間狀語時(shí)間狀語：already, yet, never, ever, just, before, twice recently, lately, in the past few years, since for, etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：基本結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has + done

18、否定形式：否定形式：have/has + not +done.一般疑問句一般疑問句: 把 have或has 放于句首。 Back現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1. She _(finish)doing her homework yet.2. The rain_(stop). Shall we go on with our football match?3. -_ you _(wait) long? -No, just a few minutes. 4. I _(not see) her for three years. 5. I _(be)here since last October. 6. Look

19、! I _(catch) a big fish.Back概念：概念：在過去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，即“過去的過去”。時(shí)間狀語：常與時(shí)間狀語：常與by , before 等構(gòu)成的短語連用，也可與等引導(dǎo)的從屬句連用。 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：基本結(jié)構(gòu)：had + done否定形式：否定形式：had + not + done一般疑問句：一般疑問句：had放于句首Back過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)1. By the end of that year Henry_(collect) more than a thousand foreign stamps. 2. They _(reach)the village b

20、efore 6 p.m. 3. _you _(get) everything ready before your mother came back yesterday? 4. When the police got there, the thief _(go) away.5. He said she _(work)as a reporter since 1995.Back概念：概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。時(shí)間狀語：時(shí)間狀語：this evening ,tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, before long

21、, in a few minutes, sooner or later, this coming Sunday, etc. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are/going to + do；will/shall + do否定形式：否定形式：am/is/are + not; will + not + do /shall + not + do一般疑問句：一般疑問句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首Back一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)決定和安排也表示決定和安排也表示自然現(xiàn)象自然現(xiàn)象觀點(diǎn)意識(shí)和主觀意圖觀點(diǎn)意識(shí)和主觀意圖shall用于第一人稱，常被用于第一人稱，常被will 所代替。所代替。will

22、 在陳述句中用于各人稱，在征求意見時(shí)常用于第二人稱。在陳述句中用于各人稱，在征求意見時(shí)常用于第二人稱。Which paragraph shall I read first？Will you be at home at seven this evening?2) be going to +不定式，表示將來。不定式，表示將來。 a. 主語的意圖，即將做某事或打算做某事。主語的意圖，即將做某事或打算做某事。What are you going to do tomorrow? b. 計(jì)劃，安排要發(fā)生的事。計(jì)劃，安排要發(fā)生的事。The play is going to be produced next

23、month. c. 有跡象要發(fā)生的事有跡象要發(fā)生的事Look at the dark clouds; there is going to be a storm.3) be +不定式表將來，按計(jì)劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事。不定式表將來，按計(jì)劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事。 We are to discuss the report next Saturday.4) be about to +不定式，意為馬上做某事。不定式，意為馬上做某事。He is about to leave for Beijing.be about to 不能與不能與tomorrow, next week 等表示明確將來時(shí)的時(shí)間等表示明確

24、將來時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語連用。狀語連用。 用于條件句時(shí)，用于條件句時(shí)，be going to表將來，表將來，will表意愿。表意愿。例如：例如：If you are going to make a journey, youd better get ready for it as soon as possible.Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror. be to 表示客觀安排或受人指示而做某事。而表示客觀安排或受人指示而做某事。而be going

25、to 則表示主觀的打算或計(jì)劃。例如：則表示主觀的打算或計(jì)劃。例如：I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. (客觀安排客觀安排)Im going to play football tomorrow afternoon. (主觀安主觀安排排)1. We _(help)Grandma Li with the housework this coming Saturday. 2. What _we _(do) next?3._ you _(help)him with his lessons tonight?4. There _(be)a football ma

26、tch tomorrow afternoon.5. We _(not plant) trees along the river this year.6. I_(tell)him the news as soon as he comes here.7. I _(go)for a picnic if it rains.8. They say that it _(be)good weather tomorrow.Back概念：概念：立足于過去某一時(shí)刻，從過去看將來， 常用于賓語從句中。 時(shí)間狀語：時(shí)間狀語：the next day(morning, year), the following day/

27、 week / month基本結(jié)構(gòu)：基本結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were/going to + do； would/should + do否定形式：否定形式：was/were/not + going to + do; would/should + not + do一般疑問句：一般疑問句：was或were放于句首； would/should 提到句首。 Go過去將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí) 1. He said he _(not come)back the next day.2. He told me that he _(not be)a teacher when he grew up.3. They never k

28、new what _(happen)to the world in a hundred years.4. I wasnt sure if he _(speak)at the meeting.5. He promised he _(help)us with the work.Back. 幾種常見時(shí)態(tài)的相互轉(zhuǎn)換幾種常見時(shí)態(tài)的相互轉(zhuǎn)換 英語中的幾種時(shí)態(tài)在一定情況下可以互相轉(zhuǎn)換，以下是幾種常見的轉(zhuǎn)換形式： 一、一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換 在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用，瞬間動(dòng)詞卻不能。但是，可用別的表達(dá)方式：瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“一段時(shí)間 + ago”的一般過去時(shí)的句型中；瞬間動(dòng)詞可改

29、成與之相對(duì)應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞及短語，與一段時(shí)間連用；瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“It is + 一段時(shí)間 + since + 一般過去時(shí)”的句型中，表示“自從以來有時(shí)間”的意思，主句一般用it is來代替It has been;瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“Some time has passed since + 一般過去時(shí)”的句型中。 Go 1.Two years has passed since he joined the League. BackIt is two years since he joined the League.2.He has been in the League for two years.He j

30、oined the League two years ago.二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換 在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，at加上名詞表示“處于某種狀態(tài)”，如at work（在工作）, at school（上學(xué)、上課）等。此短語可與進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換。 e.g. Peter is at work, but Mike is at play. =Peter is working, but Mike is playing.三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般將來時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換 在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中g(shù)o, come, leave, start, arrive等動(dòng)詞常與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：I am coming, Mu

31、m! 意為“我就來，媽媽！” e.g. The train is leaving soon.=The train will leave soon.四、“be going to+動(dòng)詞原形”與“will(shall)+動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換 “be going to+動(dòng)詞原形”、表示打算、計(jì)劃要做的事；將來時(shí) “will(shall)+動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)在書面語中，當(dāng)主語為第一人稱時(shí)，常用助動(dòng)詞shall。在口語中，所有人稱都可以用will。 e.g. We are going to visit the Great Wall next Sunday. =We shall visit the Great Wall next Sunday. 中考動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)考點(diǎn)分析中考動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)考點(diǎn)分析 一、根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語確定時(shí)態(tài)的原則1. Hurry up! The play for ten minutes. A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. began 析 1. C。since后接時(shí)間的起點(diǎn)，for后接時(shí)間段，主句動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，應(yīng)注意瞬間動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的使用。 二、在復(fù)合句根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)確定時(shí)態(tài)的原則 2. Do you know if back next week