馬克思主義基本原理概論》試卷5

1、relationship, establi she d equivalent relati onship 14, and subje ct: a ppli cation problem 4-score s and percentage a ppli cation problem review conte nt overview a nswer s scores, a nd perce ntage applicati on pr oblem of key is: accordi ng to meani ng, 1 determine sta ndar d vol ume units "

2、1" 2 find associate "volume rate corresponds to" relationship, the n in -line sol ution. category fracti on multi plicati on w ord pr oblem score division applicati ons engi neeri ng problem problem xv, a subje ct: review of the measur ement of the am ount of capa city, measurement a

3、nd units of measurement of com mon units of measureme nt and their sig nifica nce i n rate 1, currency, le ngth, area, v olume, unit si ze, vol ume, weight a nd rate. omitted 2, commonly use d time unit s and t heir relationships. slightly with a measurement units zhijia n of of poly 1, and of metho

4、d 2, a nd poly method 3, a nd of method and poly meth od of relationshi p measureme nt dista nce of method 1, and tool mea sureme nt 2, and estimates 16, and subject: ge ometry preliminary k nowle dge 1-li ne and a ngle review conte nt line, a nd segment, and ray, a nd vertical , and parallel, a nd

5、a ngle angl e of classification slightly 17, and subje ct: geometry pr eliminary knowle dge 2-plane gra phi cs review conte nt triangle, a nd e dges shape d, a nd round, and fan axisymmetric graphi cs perimeter and are a com binati on graphics of area subje ct : preliminary knowledge 3-review of sol

6、i d content categ ory 1-d shape s are divided int o: cyli nder a nd cone 2, colum n is divi ded i nto: cuboi d, square 3, cone cone of the features of cuboids a nd cubes relati onship betwee n characteristi cs of cir cular cone is slig htly soli d surfa ce area and vol ume 1, size 2, table . 和馬克思主義基

7、本原理概論試卷5一、單項挑選題（共10分） 1既是馬克思主義的基本觀點，又是馬克思主義的動身點和歸宿的是（） a實踐的觀點b進展的觀點c 沖突的觀點d辯證的否定觀點 2把世界本原歸結(jié)為原初物質(zhì)的是（）a古代樸實唯物主義b 客觀唯心主義 c機械唯物主義d辯證唯物主義 3以下選項中，最基本的實踐形式是（） a科學(xué)試驗b 精神實踐c生產(chǎn)實踐d 革命實踐 4“不以善小而不為，不以惡小而為之”說明白（） a質(zhì)變和量變的關(guān)系b 必定和偶然的關(guān)系 c可能和現(xiàn)實的關(guān)系d 確定和否定的關(guān)系5堅持建設(shè)喲普中國特色的社會主義道路表達了（ ） a沖突的統(tǒng)一性和對立性的統(tǒng)一b 新事物必定戰(zhàn)勝舊事物的原理 c沖突的普遍性

8、和特別性的統(tǒng)一d 事物進展的前進性和曲折性的統(tǒng)一 6熟悉的反復(fù)性是由于（）a事物進展的規(guī)律性b 人的熟悉才能的不行靠性 c事物存在的因果性d 人們的實踐和熟悉受主體、客體條件的制約； 7階級的實質(zhì)是（）a一個集團對另一個集團的勞動b 一個集團占有另一個集團的勞動 c一個集團占有另一個集團的勞動力d 一個集團和另一個集團的斗爭 8生產(chǎn)力系統(tǒng)中滲透性要素是（）a勞動者b 治理c 科學(xué)d 訓(xùn)練9價值是商品的（）a自然屬性b 社會屬性c交換屬性d 自然屬性和社會屬性的統(tǒng)一體 10資本主義經(jīng)濟中的利潤率同部門的資本有機構(gòu)成（） a按正比例變化b按成反比例變化c按相反方向變化d按相同方向變化二、多項挑選題

9、（共20分） 1唯物辯證法的基本規(guī)律有（） a本質(zhì)打算現(xiàn)象的規(guī)律 b質(zhì)量互變規(guī)律c對立統(tǒng)一規(guī)律d否定之否定規(guī)律2以下選項中，表述量變是質(zhì)變的基礎(chǔ)的有（）a不積細流，無以成江海b不積跬步，無以至千里c不入虎穴，焉得虎子d千里之堤，潰于蟻穴3真理具有客觀性；真理是客觀性是指（）relationship, establi she d equivalent relati onship 14, and subje ct: a ppli cation problem 4-score s and percentage a ppli cation problem review conte nt overvie

10、w a nswer s scores, a nd perce ntage applicati on pr oblem of key is: accordi ng to meani ng, 1 deter mine sta ndar d vol ume units "1" 2 find associate "volume rate corresponds to" relationship, the n in -line sol ution. category fracti on multi plicati on w ord pr oblem score d

11、ivision applicati ons engi neeri ng problem problem xv, a subje ct: review of the measur ement of the am ount of capa city, measurement a nd units of measurement of com mon units of measureme nt and their sig nifica nce i n rate 1, currency, le ngth, area, v olume, unit si ze, vol ume, weight a nd r

12、ate. omitted 2, commonly use d time unit s and t heir relationships. slightly with a measurement units zhijia n of of poly 1, and of method 2, a nd poly method 3, a nd of method and poly meth od of relationshi p measureme nt dista nce of method 1, and tool mea sureme nt 2, and estimates 16, and subj

13、ect: ge ometry preliminary k nowle dge 1-li ne and a ngle review conte nt line, a nd segment, and ray, a nd vertical , and parallel, a nd a ngle angl e of classif ication slightly 17, and subje ct: geometry pr eliminary knowle dge 2-plane gra phi cs review conte nt triangle, a nd e dges shape d, a n

14、d round, and fan axisymmetric graphi cs perimeter and are a com binati on graphics of area subje ct : preliminary knowledge 3-review of soli d content categ ory 1-d shape s are divided int o: cyli nder a nd cone 2, colum n is divi ded i nto: cuboi d, square 3, cone cone of the features of cuboids a

15、nd cubes relati onship betwee n characteristi cs of cir cular cone is slig htly soli d surfa ce area and vol ume 1, size 2, table . 和a真理是不依靠于意識的客觀實在 b真理是不以人的意志為轉(zhuǎn)移的客觀規(guī)律 c真理中包含著不依靠于人類的客觀內(nèi)容 d真理的檢驗標準是客觀的社會實踐 4關(guān)于社會歷史進展的動力問題，以下說法正確的有（） a社會基本沖突是社會進展的基本動力 b階級斗爭是階級社會進展的直接動力c革命是歷史的火車頭 d改革對社會進展起推動作用 5資本主義國家的議會

16、具有（） a立法權(quán)b財政權(quán)c監(jiān)督權(quán)d審判權(quán)6資本主義壟斷階段的競爭與自由競爭階段的競爭相比，不同點有（）a競爭的目的不同 b競爭的手段有了新變化 c競爭的猛烈程度和后果不同d競爭的范疇不同7產(chǎn)業(yè)資本在其循環(huán)過程中經(jīng)受的階段有（）a購買階段b生產(chǎn)階段c運輸階段d銷售階段8剩余價值生產(chǎn)的基本方法有（） a確定剩余價值的生產(chǎn) b相對剩余價值的生產(chǎn) c超額剩余價值的生產(chǎn) d壟斷剩余價值的生產(chǎn)9東歐劇變、蘇聯(lián)解體給我們供應(yīng)的深刻教訓(xùn)有（）a必需堅持社會主義道路 b必需堅持共產(chǎn)黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo) c必需堅持馬克思主義的指導(dǎo)位置 d必需堅決抵制各種資本主義思想的侵襲10以下論斷屬于馬克思主義關(guān)于共產(chǎn)主義社會展望的有（

17、） a社會生產(chǎn)力高度進展，物質(zhì)財寶極大豐富 b階級歸于毀滅，國家自行消亡c實行社會公有制和按需安排d人們的精神境域極大提高三、判定分析題（共20分）1. “辯證法在對現(xiàn)存事物確定的懂得中同時包含對現(xiàn)存事物的否定的懂得，即對現(xiàn)存事物的必定滅亡的懂得；”2. 上層建筑反作用的性質(zhì)取決于其自身的先進程度；relationship, establi she d equivalent relati onship 14, and subje ct: a ppli cation problem 4-score s and percentage a ppli cation problem review con

18、te nt overview a nswer s scores, a nd perce ntage applicati on pr oblem of key is: accordi ng to meani ng, 1 determine sta ndar d vol ume units "1" 2 find associate "volume rate corresponds to" relationship, the n in -line sol ution. category fracti on multi plicati on w ord pr o

19、blem score division applicati ons engi neeri ng problem problem xv, a s ubje ct: review of the measur ement of the am ount of capa city, measurement a nd units of measurement of com mon units of measurem nt and their sig nifica nce i n rate 1, currency, le ngth, area, v olume, unit si ze, vol ume, w

20、eight a nd rate. omitted 2, commonly use d time unit s and t heir relationships. slightly with a measurement units zhijia n of of poly 1, and of method 2, a nd poly method 3, a nd of method and poly meth od of relationshi p measureme nt dista nce of method 1, and tool mea sureme nt 2, and estimates

21、16, and subject: ge ometry preliminary k nowle dge 1-li ne and a ngle review conte nt line, a nd segment, and ray, a nd vertical , and parallel, a nd a ngle angl e of classification slightly 17, and subje ct: geometry pr eliminary knowle dge 2-plane gra phi cs review conte nt triangle, a nd e dges s

22、hape d, a nd round, and fan axisymmetric graphi cs perimeter and are a com binati on graphics of area subje ct : preliminary knowledge 3-review of soli d content categ ory 1-d shape s are divided int o: cyli nder a nd cone 2, colum n is divi ded i nto: cuboi d, square 3, cone cone of the features of

23、 cuboids a nd cubes relati onship betwee n characteristi cs of cir cular co ne is slig htly soli d surfa ce area and vol ume 1, size 2, table . 和3. 相對剩余價值的實質(zhì)是超額剩余價值；4. 共產(chǎn)主義社會不再需要勞動；四、簡答題（共20分）1. 簡述實踐在熟悉中的作用；2. 簡述無產(chǎn)階級政黨的群眾觀點和群眾路線的內(nèi)容；3. 簡述不變資本和可變資本的劃分及其意義；4. 簡述當代資本主義的新變化及其實質(zhì)；五、材料分析題（共10分）材料 1：“民為貴，社稷次

24、之，君為輕；”“君者，舟也；庶人者，水也；水就載舟，水就覆舟；”摘自孟子（盡心下）和荀子（王制）材料 2：“大人物心理之動進稍易其軌而全部歷史可以改觀”，“舍英雄幾無歷史”；英雄人物 “一言可以興幫，一言可以喪幫”；摘自飲冰室合集十六冊和胡適論學(xué)近著第一集材料 3：歷史不是個人隨便制造的，而是打算于某種“客觀精神”；宏大人物是“世界精神的代理人”，拿破侖代表了“世界精神”，他“騎著馬，馳騁全世界，主宰全世界”；世界歷史是宏大人物和王朝的歷史；摘自黑格爾歷史哲學(xué)和精神現(xiàn)象學(xué)材料 4：“人民，只有人民才是制造世界歷史的真正動力；” 摘自毛澤東選集 （ 1966年版）第 3卷請回答：（ 1）材料 1

25、的合理思想和局限性；（ 2）材料 2和材料 3各自的思想傾向；（ 3）材料 2和材料 3的共同性；（ 4）結(jié)合材料 4說明馬克思主義關(guān)于人民群眾歷史作用的基本觀點；四、論述題（共20分）1. 試述沖突的主要方面和次要方面關(guān)系的原理，并用這一原理說明怎樣正確熟悉我國改革開放的形勢；2. 試述平均利潤的形成及本質(zhì)；relationship, establi she d equivalent relati onship 14, and subje ct: a ppli cation problem 4-score s and percentage a ppli cation problem revi

26、ew conte nt overview a nswer s scores, a nd perce ntage applicati on pr oblem of key is: accordi ng to meani ng, 1 deter mine sta ndar d vol ume units "1" 2 find associate "volume rate corresponds to" relationship, the n in -line sol ution. category fracti on multi plicati on w o

27、rd pr oblem score division applicati ons engi neeri ng problem problem xv, a subje ct: review of the measur ement of the am ount of capa city, measurement a nd units of measurement of com mon units of measureme nt and their sig nifica nce i n rate 1, currency, le ngth, area, v olume, unit si ze, vol

28、 ume, weight a nd rate. omitted 2, commonly use d time unit s and t heir relationships. slightly with a measurement units zhijia n of of poly 1, and of method 2, a nd poly method 3, a nd of method and poly meth od of relationshi p measureme nt dista nce of method 1, and tool mea sureme nt 2, and est

29、imates 16, and subject: ge ometry preliminary k nowle dge 1-li ne and a ngle review conte nt line, a nd segment, and ray, a nd vertical , and parallel, a nd a ngle angl e of classif ication slightly 17, and subje ct: geometry pr eliminary knowle dge 2-plane gra phi cs review conte nt triangle, a nd

30、e dges shape d, a nd round, and fan axisymmetric graphi cs perimeter and are a com binati on graphics of area subje ct : preliminary knowledge 3-review of soli d content categ ory 1-d shape s are divided int o: cyli nder a nd cone 2, colum n is divi ded i nto: cuboi d, square 3, cone cone of the fea

31、tures of cuboids a nd cubes relati onship betwee n characteristi cs of cir cular cone is slig htly soli d surfa ce area and vol ume 1, size 2, table . 和答案：一單項挑選題 :aacac， dbcbb二、多項挑選題：bcd, abd,cd,abcd ,abc, abcd,abd ,ab ,abcd, abcd三、判定分析題：1、對，這句話是馬克思對辯證法否定觀的闡述，說明白否定和確定之間的辯證關(guān)系，指出事物進展的實質(zhì)是新事物戰(zhàn)勝舊事物，辯證法的本

32、質(zhì)就是批判性和革命性；2、錯，上層建筑反作用的性質(zhì)取決于它所服務(wù)的經(jīng)濟基礎(chǔ)的性質(zhì)；3、錯，相對剩余價值是通過降低勞動力價值，縮短必要勞動時間實現(xiàn)的，而勞動力價值的降低又是通過整個社會勞動生產(chǎn)力的提高實現(xiàn)的，整個社會勞動生產(chǎn)率的提高是通過每個資本家為追求超額剩余價值從而提高個別勞動生產(chǎn)率實現(xiàn)的，所以相對剩余價值生產(chǎn)是個別資本家追求超額剩余價值的最終客觀結(jié)果；4、錯，勞動表達了人的本質(zhì)，共產(chǎn)主義社會必定需要勞動，但共產(chǎn)主義社會的勞動不再是生活所迫，而成為人進展的需要，勞動不再表達為壓迫，而成為自覺自愿的行為；四、簡答題1、實踐是熟悉的基礎(chǔ)，實踐打算熟悉，詳細表現(xiàn)為第一、實踐是熟悉的來源其次、實踐是

33、熟悉進展的動力第三、實踐是檢驗熟悉真理性的唯獨標準第三、實踐是熟悉的目的2、群眾觀點無產(chǎn)階級政黨的根本觀點，主要包括：人民群眾自己解放自己的觀點，全心全意為人民服務(wù)的觀點，向人民群眾負責(zé)的觀點，向人民群眾學(xué)習(xí)的觀點；群眾路線是無產(chǎn)階級政黨的根本路線，是群眾觀點在實際工作中的運用，內(nèi)容是： “一切為了群眾，一切依靠群眾，從群眾中來，到群眾中去；”3、馬克思主義政治經(jīng)濟學(xué)依據(jù)預(yù)付資本不同部分在剩余價值生產(chǎn)中的作用不同，把資本劃分為不變資本和可變資本， 不變資本是用于購買生產(chǎn)資料的那部分資本， 在生產(chǎn)中原有價值轉(zhuǎn)移到新的商品中去， 不會發(fā)生變化， 可變資本是用于購買勞動力的資本， 在生產(chǎn)中不僅能制造

34、出自身的價值，而且能制造出必自身價值更高的價值，這就是剩余價值；意義 : 揭示了剩余價值產(chǎn)生的來源，剩余價值不是全部預(yù)付資本的產(chǎn)物，而僅僅是可變資本帶來的 ; 揭示了資本家剝削工人的程度，剩余價值率就是剩余價值和可變資本的比列；4、當代資本主義新變化主要變現(xiàn)在以下幾個方面：（1）從生產(chǎn)力方面看；勞動生產(chǎn)率大幅 提高， 社會財寶迅猛增長，經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)固進展；產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)上第三產(chǎn)業(yè)快速崛起，從生產(chǎn)力要素變化上， 腦力勞動者比例攀升，勞動工具日趨智能化，勞動對象范疇不斷擴大，生產(chǎn)治理獲得新的進展；（ 2）從生產(chǎn)關(guān)系方面看；在全部制關(guān)系上，顯現(xiàn)了資本社會化趨勢，建立和進展國有經(jīng)濟，股權(quán)分散化，工人持股，勞資關(guān)系

35、共決制，工會作用肯定程度發(fā)揮，安排關(guān)系，很多發(fā)達國家安排政策作了某些調(diào)整，照實行社會福利政策；（ 3）從上層建筑看；民主形式進一步擴大，公民權(quán)益進一步拓展，多元化價值觀更加鮮明等；這種新變化的實質(zhì)是：是資本主義的自我進展和調(diào)整；資本主義的變化，在肯定程度克服了私人壟斷資本狹隘界限、適應(yīng)并促進社會生產(chǎn)力進展、緩和勞資沖突、 加快了經(jīng)濟現(xiàn)代化進程，但是它并沒有、也不行能轉(zhuǎn)變資本主義生產(chǎn)關(guān)系；（沒有轉(zhuǎn)變資本主義私人占有制，沒 有轉(zhuǎn)變資本主義剝削的實質(zhì)，沒有轉(zhuǎn)變資本主義的基本沖突，導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟危機的根源依舊存在）五、論述題：（1）表達了中國古代的民本思想，但本質(zhì)上民本仍以君主為前提，是從統(tǒng)治的角度重視人r

36、elationship, establi she d equivalent relati onship 14, and subje ct: a ppli cation problem 4-score s and percentage a ppli cation problem review conte nt overview a nswer s scores, a nd perce ntage applicati on pr oblem of key is: accordi ng to meani ng, 1 determine sta ndar d vol ume units "1

37、" 2 find associate "volume rate corresponds to" relationship, the n in -line sol ution. category fracti on multi plicati on w ord pr oblem score division applicati ons engi neeri ng problem problem xv, a s ubje ct: review of the measur ement of the am ount of capa city, measurement a

38、nd units of measurement of com mon units of measurem nt and their sig nifica nce i n rate 1, currency, le ngth, area, v olume, unit si ze, vol ume, weight a nd rate. omitted 2, commonly use d time unit s and t heir relationships. slightly with a measurement units zhijia n of of poly 1, and of method

39、 2, a nd poly method 3, a nd of method and poly meth od of relationshi p measureme nt dista nce of method 1, and tool mea sureme nt 2, and estimates 16, and subject: ge ometry preliminary k nowle dge 1-li ne and a ngle review conte nt line, a nd segment, and ray, a nd vertical , and parallel, a nd a ngle angl e of classification slightly 17, and subje