()初中語法連詞講解

1、(完整版)初中語法連詞講解連詞一、并列連詞：（一）連詞的概念：連詞是一種虛詞，不能擔(dān)任一個(gè)句子成分。連詞在句中主要起連接詞與詞、短語與短語及句子和句子的作用。它主要是包括并列連詞和從屬連詞。（二）并列連詞的分類： 表示意思轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞but, yet, however，still,while表示因果關(guān)系的連詞for, so, therefore,since 表選擇的連詞or, eitheror, neithernor，otherwise表示并列的連詞and， not onlybut also, bothand, as well as例句：slow but sure.  要慢而穩(wěn)。 sh

2、ell be back either this week or next week.  她將在這周或下周回來。 i went and she went also.  我去了，她也去了。（三）并列連詞的用法：1、 并列連詞and和or：and 和or 是用得最多的并列連詞，可以連接：a. 兩個(gè)并列的動(dòng)詞： we were singing and dancing all evening.  整個(gè)晚上我們都在唱歌跳舞。b. 名詞、形容詞等：this apple is big and red. would you like fish or beef?  c. 兩

3、個(gè)并列的分句（句子）： i said it and i meant it.  我說話算數(shù)。and 可連接兩個(gè)分句，表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。 give him an inch and he will take a mile.  他會(huì)得寸進(jìn)尺。or可連接分句，表示“否則”：dont drive so fast or youll have an accident.  別開這么快，不然你會(huì)出車禍。2、 表示意思轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞：but, yet:but和yet的用法： the weather will be sunny but cold.  天氣會(huì)晴朗但很冷。 it is st

4、range, yet true. 這很奇怪，卻是真的。however, still 等為副詞，但可起連接作用，表示意思的轉(zhuǎn)折-“但是”或“然而”。a. however:    his first response was to say no. later, however, he changed his mind.他的第一反應(yīng)是不行，但后來他改變了主意。b. still: its raining; still id like to go.   天在下雨，但我還是要去。詞組all the same:she is naughty, all the

5、same we have to laugh at her jokes.  她很調(diào)皮，但對(duì)她的惡作劇我們還是要發(fā)笑。3、表示因果的連詞： for可以表示“因?yàn)椤?，但引?dǎo)的不是從句，而是并列分句，對(duì)前面情況加以解釋，常用逗號(hào)把它和前面的分句分開，這在書面語中比較多見。 the days were short, for it was now december.  白天很短，因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在已經(jīng)是十二月。 she must have gone out early, for she had not come for breakfast.她肯定一早出去了，因?yàn)樗龥]來吃早飯。 so 表示結(jié)果，可

6、譯為“因此”、“所以”。our cases were heavy, so we took a taxi. 我們的箱子很重，因此我們坐了出租車 therefore 為副詞，也表示同樣的意思-“因此”，可放句前：he had gone; she therefore gave the money to me.他走了，于是她把錢給了我。 4、both. and 的用法 a man should have both courage and perseverance.一個(gè)人既要有勇氣又要有毅力。 【難點(diǎn)】5、就近原則： 1）neithernor neither lucy nor lily is a lea

7、gue member. 2）not onlybut also not only you but also he likes football. 3）eitheror either jim or peter is right. 4）notbut not jim but peter broke the cup. 6、as well as的用法: i have read one of his novels as well as a few of his plays. 我讀過他的一本小說和幾個(gè)劇本。 【基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)】（一）根據(jù)句意選用and, but, or, so, while, for填空。1. th

8、e ground is wet, _ it rained last night.2. it's a fine day today, _ everyone is busy.3. this is our first lesson, _ i don't know all your names.4. take an umbrella with you, _ you'll get wet.5. do you understand what i said _ do you want me to explain it again?6. we have classes in the m

9、orning, _ we don't have classes in the afternoon.7. she is a doctor _ i am a teacher.8. use your head, _ you'll find a way.9. they went to the zoo yesterday, _ they didn't see any animals.10. i must go now, _ it's getting dark.11. be careful, _ you will fall off the tree.12.excuse me

10、. do you have a table for two? i'm sorry, _ there aren't any seats now. would you mind waiting for a while?13. never give up, _ you'll make it.14. she was very thirsty, _ she drank some water from the river.15. you must work hard, _ you'll fall behind。一. 選擇最佳答案： ( ) 1 my aunt asks wh

11、ether i like a woolen sweater _ a cotton one. a. but b. or c. and d. not ( ) 2 either mary _ lucy told him to come to see us. a. or b. and c. with d. nor ( ) 3 hurry up, _ we'll be late for the film. a. and b. but c. so d. or ( ) 4 be quick, _ we'll be late. a. and b. or c. but d. so ( ) 5 w

12、e ran to the trees, _ we couldn't see any more monkeys. a. but b. so c. and d. for ( ) 6 _ li ping _ wu fang _ league members. a. neither; nor; are b. either; nor; is c. both; and; are d. neither; or; is ( ) 7 you can _ stay at home _ go out to play. a. either; or b. so; that c. neither; and d.

13、both; and ( ) 8 _ wei hua _ ann_ very busy. a. both; and; is b. so; and; is c. either; or; is d. so; that; are ( ) 9 _ monday_ tuesday is ok, i will be free then. a. either; or b. neither; nor c. so; that d. both; and ( ) 10 _ my brother_ sister are doctors. a. not; but b. neither; nor c. both; and

14、d. either; or二、從屬連詞：1分類： 從句種類主要從屬連詞 時(shí)間從句 when, while, as, before, after, until, till, whenever 條件從句 if, unless 目的從句 in order that, so that 結(jié)果從句 sothat, suchthat, so that, so 原因從句 because, as, since 讓步從句 although, though, even though(if), while 方式從句 as if, as though 地點(diǎn)從句 where, wherever 比較從句 than, as

15、說明that, whether, if 等從屬連詞可引導(dǎo)名詞從句，在句中擔(dān)任主語、賓語等。2引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的連詞(重點(diǎn))：when: dont get excited when you talk.  講話時(shí)別激動(dòng)。while: we must strike while the iron is hot.  我們要趁熱打鐵。as: he smiled as he passed.  他經(jīng)過時(shí)笑了笑。before: it will be five years before we meet again.  要五年后咱們才能再相見。after: ill tell

16、them after you leave.  我將在你走后告訴他們。until, till: i propose waiting till the police get here.  我建議等警察來了再說。since: how long is it since you came to london?  你到倫敦有多久了？whenever: whenever it is possible, they play outside. 一有機(jī)會(huì)他們就到外面玩耍。3引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的連詞(重點(diǎn))：1）條件狀語從句主要由if, unless, supposing(su

17、ppose)引導(dǎo)： if: if it rains tomorrow , we will have to stay at home. unless: i wont write unless he writes first.  我不寫信，除非他先給我寫。2）條件狀語從句還有其他形式：(難點(diǎn))you will always have a home as long as i have anything. 只要我有家產(chǎn)，你就永遠(yuǎn)會(huì)有一個(gè)家。i will call you as soon as he comes back. 他一回來我就給你打電話。4引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的連詞：（重點(diǎn)）in ord

18、er that: i lent him 500 yuan in order that he can go for a holiday. 我借給他50英鎊，使他能去度假。so that: ask her to hurry up with the letters so that i can sign them.讓她快點(diǎn)把信打好，以便我能簽字。5引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的連詞：1）結(jié)果狀語從句主要由sothat和suchthat 引導(dǎo)： sothat: he was so fat that he couldnt get though the door.  他胖得連門都過不去了。 suchthat:

19、 jim made such a noise that his sister told him to be quiet. 吉姆吵成那樣，他姐姐讓他安靜點(diǎn)。 he shut the window with such force that the glass broke.6引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的連詞： because: because it rained he took a taxi.  由于下雨他叫了一輛出租車。 as: as youre sorry, ill forgive you.  既然你悔悟了，我就原諒你。since: since you will go there, i

20、 will go too. 既然你要去，那我也去。7讓步狀語從句的連詞：although / though: though / although it is not large, the room was light .  房間雖然不大，采光卻很好。 even if: theyll stand by you even if you dont succeed. 即使你不成功，他們也會(huì)支持你。8引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句的連詞as: you ought to do as i tell you. 你應(yīng)當(dāng)照我說的做。like: she cant draw like her sister can. 她不

21、能像她姐姐那樣畫畫。as if / as though: he looked about as if looking for something. 他四處看了看，仿佛在找什么似的。9引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句的連詞：（難點(diǎn)）where: ill drive you where youre going.  你到哪兒我都可以開車送你去。wherever: well go wherever you say.  你說哪里我們就到哪里。everywhere: everywhere he went, he was introduced as the current us champion. 不管

22、他到哪里，人們都介紹他是當(dāng)前的美國冠軍。no matter where: keep your mobile phone with you no matter where you are. 不管在哪里你都要帶著手機(jī)。10引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句的連詞：than: you sing better than i do.  你的歌唱的比我好。as: thats not so simple as it sounds.  那事并不像聽起來那么簡(jiǎn)單。11 引導(dǎo)其他從句的連詞：1）引導(dǎo)主語從句和賓語的連詞有that和whether, if 可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句： that: she always co

23、mplains that he is down on her.  她老是抱怨他看不起她。 whether: i dont know whether you like flowers.  我不知道你喜不喜歡花。2）that和whether 還可以引導(dǎo)表語從句：that: the fact is that he doesnt really try.  事實(shí)是他沒有真正去努力。whether: the point is whether we ought to recommend him.  問題是我們是否應(yīng)當(dāng)推薦他?！净A(chǔ)練習(xí)】（一）選擇所給的連詞填空：whe

24、n, because, but, before, if, so.that, as.as, notuntil, and, after, or, since1. hurry up, please! _youll be late for school.2. she _go to bed _ her mother came back.3. yesterday jim didnt go to see the film, _he must go over his lessons.4. the students were talking about the sports meeting _ the teac

25、her came in.5. i was _tired _i couldnt walk any more.6. this building is _ tall _ that one.7. tom was ill yesterday, _he still went to school as usual.8. he asked me _i would go there with him.9. we have studied here _ 1994. 10. the child had studied english for two years _he went to middle school.

26、11. _the boy finished his homework, he went to bed. 12. study hard on your subjects, _youll do well in the exam.（二）選擇最佳答案：( )1. liu ming told us _ his class were excited by the news. a. when b. how c. that d. before( )2. my father didnt come back _ he finished all the work. a. until b. while c. if d. as soon as( )3. more people came _ i had expected. a. as if b. so that c. since d. than( )4. he cant decide which to choose _ theres no difference between them. a. but b. so c. because d. and( )5. life today is easier _ it was hundreds of years ago. a. than . as c. what d. when【中等題】（一）