三年來(lái)高考新增詞匯

1、08年高考新增詞匯A absence n, absent adj. abuse v. accommodation n. ache v&n acid n&adj acre , n.adjust v. afterwards adv. airplane n. alarm, n&v, album, n, ambassador n, amusement n, angle n, ankle n, annual adj, ant n, appointment n, arithmetic n, arrow n, ashamed adj, aside adv, astronomy n,

2、atom n, automatic adj, avenue n B balloon, n, bamboo, n, banana, n, barbecue, n, barrier, n, bat, n, bathe, v&n, bathtub, n, beast, n, blouse, n, bonus, n, boot, n, brake, n&v, brand, n, bride, n, bridegroom, n, broken, adj, broom, n, bunch, n&v C cage n., camel n, canteen n., carpenter

3、n., carriage n., carrot n., cartoon n., cell n.,centigrade adj, chalk n, chef n, chemist n, chess n, circus n, claw n, cloudy n, collar n, comedy n, commit v, commitment n, concept n, consideration n, constitution n, construct v, cookie n, cosy adj, counter n, courtyard n, crew n, cyclist n D decora

4、tion n, delighted adj, dentist n, dessert n, dial n dictation n, disappointed adj,dismiss v, divorce n&v, doll n, dot n&v, drawer n, drill n&v, drum n, drunk adj. duck n,dustbin n, dusty adj. E eagle n. Easter n, edge n, eggplant n, elegant adj, embassy n, enjoyable adj, exit n F fade n&

5、amp;v, fare n, file n, finance n, flashlight n, flexible adj, fog n, frost n.G garlic n, giraffe n, golf n, graduation n, gram n, grape n, grateful adj, greengrocer n, grocery n, guarantee n&v, guitar n H ham n, hamburger n, harbour n&v, hen n, highway n, homeland n I icecream n, idom n, ins

6、ert v J jaw, n ,jazz n, jeep n K kangaroo n, kettle n L lamb n, leak n, lemon n, lemonade n, lid n, literary adj, litter n, lung n M mat n, mess n, millimeter n, mist n, moral adj, moustache n, multiply v N needle n, nursery n O occupation n, okay interj, opera n, oral adj, outcome n, outgoing n, ox

7、 n P parcel n&v, parking n, pavement n, pea n, pepper n, postcode n, postman n, prayer n, preference n, preserve v&n, pub n, purple adj Q qualification n R rail n, receipt n, reception n, recorder n, religious adj, revision n, revolution n, rid v, roast v S salad n, salesman n, salty adj, sa

8、usage n, scholar n, schoolboy n, security n, sew v, shopping n, shortly adv, sightseeing n, simplify v, sleeve n, spy n&v, steady adj, steak n, steep adj, straw n, strawberry n, string n, super adj, survival n, swear v, sweat n&v, swell v, swing v&n, sword n T television n, tension n, th

9、roat n, thread n, thunder n&v, timetable n, toothbrush n, tough adj, towel n&v, transform v, T-shirt n U uncomfortable adj, unwilling adj, user n V vase n, vehicle n, vest n, vital adj W wander v, warmth n, watermelon n, weekday n, whichever pron, whistle n&v, windy adj, winner n, worm n

10、 X X-ray n&v Y yard n, yoghurt n,2009年高考英語(yǔ)部分新增詞匯（附詳解例句與考題）absence n.1. C,U缺席；不在場(chǎng)：I soon noticed his absence from the lecture. 我很快便察覺(jué)到他缺課。2.U缺乏；沒(méi)有：the absence of definite proof 缺乏確鑿的證據(jù)【用法】1.通常為不可數(shù)名詞，但表示缺席或離開(kāi)的次數(shù)或時(shí)間時(shí)，為可數(shù)名詞：after an absence of three months 在離開(kāi)3個(gè)月后 2.表示做某事缺席，其后通常接介詞 from：His absence

11、from school was caused by illness. 他缺課是因?yàn)樯　?.比較后接介詞from和in的區(qū)別：Nothing happened during his absence from America. 在他離開(kāi)美國(guó)期間，沒(méi)有發(fā)生什么。/ Nothing happened during his absence in America. 當(dāng)他不在此地而在美國(guó)的期間，沒(méi)有發(fā)生什么。w。w。w.k。s。5。u.c。o。mabsent adj.1.缺席的；不在場(chǎng)的：How many students are absent (from class) today? 今天有多少學(xué)生缺席？

12、 2.漫不經(jīng)心的；心不在焉的；茫然的：an absent stare 心不在焉的呆視 【用法】1. 用作形容詞，可表示“缺席的”；要表示“做某事缺席”，其后常接介詞 from：Several students were absent from 高考資源網(wǎng)class today. 今天有幾個(gè)學(xué)生上課缺席。有時(shí)根據(jù)不同的語(yǔ)境，也可能使用不同的介詞：Hes absent in Beijing. 他外出了，現(xiàn)在北京。2. 用作形容詞，有時(shí)表示“心不在焉，茫然的”等，通常只用作定語(yǔ)：She had an absent look on her face. 她臉上露出茫然的神色?！究键c(diǎn)】So many di

13、rectors _, the board meeting had to be put off.   A. were absentB. been absentC. had been absentD. being absent  答案為 D。句意為：因?yàn)橛性S多董事缺席，董事會(huì)議只好推遲。填空處為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。全句謂語(yǔ)為had to be put off，由于逗號(hào)前后兩部分之間沒(méi)有連接詞，所以逗號(hào)前面的結(jié)構(gòu)不能用完整謂語(yǔ)，而要用非謂語(yǔ)形式。abusevt.1.濫用：Its important not to abuse your position. 重要的是不要濫用你的地位。2.

14、虐待：to abuse a horse 虐待一匹馬 n. C,U濫用：an abuse of authority 職權(quán)的濫用【考點(diǎn)】It has been revealed that some government leaders _ their authority and position to get illegal profits for themselves. w。w。w.k。s。5。u.c。o。m    A. employ B. take C. abuse D. overlook   答案為C。句意為：據(jù)透露，一些政府領(lǐng)導(dǎo)濫用職權(quán)，非

15、法謀利。比較：employ 雇用；take 拿，帶；abuse 濫用；overlook 俯瞰，遠(yuǎn)眺。accommodation n.1.U住處，辦公處，停留處，招待設(shè)備：The price of your holiday includes your hotel accommodation. 你度假的價(jià)格包括了你的旅館住宿費(fèi)用。2.C, pl.住處，膳宿：He has several overnight accommodations. 他有好幾處過(guò)夜的住處?！居梅ā吭谟?guó)英語(yǔ)中不可數(shù)，在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中通常用復(fù)數(shù)，但不能與不定冠詞連用。acheeIk vi.1.疼痛：His legs ached af

16、ter playing football for two hours. 踢了兩個(gè)小時(shí)足球后，他感到腿痛。2. 渴望：She is aching to go abroad. 她一直渴望到各國(guó)外去。n.C,U痛，疼痛：He has an ache in the back. 他的背痛。w。w。w.k。s。5。u.c。o。m【辨析】ache與pain：1. ache 主要指肉體局部持續(xù)的疼痛或隱痛：My back aches terribly. 我背痛得厲害。而 pain 是一般用語(yǔ)，可指輕微的痛或劇烈的痛，可指局部的痛或全身的痛，可指持續(xù)的痛或突發(fā)的痛等：The death of his fathe

17、r gave him much pain. 他父親的死使他很悲痛。2. 由于 ache 常用于指局部的持續(xù)性疼痛，所以它常與某些表示身體部位的詞構(gòu)成合成詞，表示身體的某處疼痛(此時(shí)通常不用 pain)：headache(頭痛)，toothache(牙痛)等。acid adj.酸的，酸味的，刻薄的：Is an apple an acid fruit? 蘋(píng)果是酸味水果嗎？ / Her remarks were rather acid. 她的話有些尖酸刻薄。n.U,C酸，含有酸味的東西acre n.1.C英畝，田地：The playground has an area of about five a

18、cres. 這操場(chǎng)的面積約為五英畝。2.C復(fù)土地，地產(chǎn)：The rolling acres of farm land are very beautiful. 這些起伏不平的廣闊田地真美。afterwards5B:ftEwEdz adv.后來(lái)，然后：Lets eat first and go to the theater afterwards. 咱們先去吃飯，然后再去看戲。airplanen. C(美)飛機(jī)：The airplane took off on time. 飛機(jī)準(zhǔn)時(shí)起飛。alarm n.1. C警報(bào)；警報(bào)裝置：give the alarm 發(fā)出警報(bào) / He sounded the

19、alarm. 他鳴警報(bào)。2. C鬧鐘(= alarm clock)：What time shall I set the alarm for? 我該把鬧鐘撥到幾點(diǎn)種響？3. U驚恐，驚慌：She was struck with alarm. 她飽受驚慌。vt.使驚慌，使不安：I was quite alarmed last night at the cry of “fire”. 昨天夜里聽(tīng)到“失火了”的喊聲時(shí)，我十分驚慌。a false alarm 假警報(bào) / raise (sound) the alarm發(fā)出警報(bào)album n.C粘貼簿(如相冊(cè)、集郵簿、簽名冊(cè)、紀(jì)念冊(cè)等)，唱片集：This i

20、s my stamp album. 這是我的集郵簿。w。w。w.k。s。5。u.c。o。mambassador n.C大使，使節(jié)，派駐國(guó)際組織的代表：The ambassador made forceful representations to the White House. 該大使向白宮提出了強(qiáng)烈抗議?！居梅ā勘硎抉v某國(guó)大使，其后通常接介詞to：He has been appointed an ambassador to Peru. 他被任命為駐秘魯大使。若指駐某地大使，則用介詞in或at：the British ambassador in at Washington 英國(guó)駐華盛頓大使 w

21、。w。w.k。s。5。u.c。o。m【聯(lián)想】embassy 大使館 / ambassadress 女大使amusement n.1.U開(kāi)心，愉快：I listened in amusement. 我聽(tīng)得十分開(kāi)心。2.C娛樂(lè)(活動(dòng))，消遣(方式)：There were a lot of amusements in big cities. 大城市有許多娛樂(lè)(活動(dòng))。annual adj.每年的，年度的，一年生的：What is your annual income? 你的全年收入有多少？appointmen n. 1.C,U約會(huì)，約定：make (fix) an appointment with

22、sb 與某人約會(huì) / Im afraid I wont be able to keep our appointment on Monday. 對(duì)不起，星期一我不能赴約了。2.C職位，職務(wù)：get a good appointment 獲得一個(gè)好職位 3. C,U委任，選派：The following appointments have been made at the Ministry of National Defense. 國(guó)防部作出如下任命。arithmeticn.U算術(shù)，計(jì)算：business arithmetic 商業(yè)算術(shù) / He is good at arithmetic. 他擅

23、長(zhǎng)算術(shù)?！韭?lián)想】geometrydVI5CmItrI 幾何 / algebra5AldVIbrE 代數(shù) / function5fQNkFn 函數(shù) / calculous5kAlkjJlEs 微積分(學(xué))arrow n.1. C箭：Time flies like an arrow. 光陰似箭。2. C箭頭：direction arrows 方向箭頭ashamed adj.慚愧；害臊：Are you ashamed for having lied? 你為撒了謊感到害臊嗎? / I am ashamed for you. 我替你感到羞愧。/ You should be ashamed of your

24、 behavior. 你應(yīng)該為你的行為感到羞愧?！颈嫖觥縜shamed與shameful：ashamed 意為“感到羞恥的”，shameful 意為“可恥的”、“丟臉的”：You should be ashamed of doing that. 你應(yīng)該為自己做那樣的事感到羞恥。It was shameful of them to surrender. 他們的投降是可恥的。高.考.資.源.風(fēng)aside adv.在旁邊；向旁邊：Stand aside and let these people pass. 靠邊站，讓這些人過(guò)去。n.C(戲劇中的)旁白；獨(dú)白aside from (1)除之外(別無(wú))：

25、Nobody, aside from him, could answer this question. 除他外，沒(méi)人能回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題。(2)除之外(尚有)：Aside from being fun and good exercise, swimming is a very useful skill. 除了是樂(lè)趣和有益的鍛煉外，游泳還是一種很有用的技能。(3)除外，如果不考慮：Aside from the rainy weather, our vacation was fun. 除了天氣陰雨外，我們的假期還是玩得很高興的?！菊f(shuō)明】aside from為美國(guó)英語(yǔ)，在英國(guó)英語(yǔ)中用apart from代

26、之。astronomy n. U天文學(xué)：Im very interested in astronomy. 我對(duì)天文學(xué)很感興趣。atom n.1.C原子：Water is made up of atoms of hydrogen and oxygen. 水是氫和氧的原子構(gòu)成的。/ Everything on the earth is made up of atoms. 地球上的每一種東西都是由原子構(gòu)成的。2.C微粒，微量：There is not an atom of truth in what he said. 他所說(shuō)的話沒(méi)有絲毫真實(shí)性。/ There is not an atom of tr

27、uth in the rumour. 這謠言一點(diǎn)也不真實(shí)。高.考.資.源.風(fēng)atomicE5tCmIk a.原子的，原子能的，原子武器的 automatic a.1.自動(dòng)的，機(jī)械的：an automatic washing-machine 自動(dòng)洗衣機(jī) / automatic alarm 自動(dòng)報(bào)警 / The heating system in the hotel has an automatic temperature control. 旅館里的取暖系統(tǒng)是自動(dòng)調(diào)溫的。2.不假思索的，無(wú)意識(shí)的：She knew the lesson so well that her answers were a

28、utomatic. 她對(duì)這一課極為熟悉，可不假思索地隨口回答問(wèn)題。/ Most of our movements are automatic. 我們?nèi)梭w的大部分動(dòng)作都是無(wú)意識(shí)的。3.必然的，自然的：A fine for this offence is automatic. 對(duì)于這種過(guò)失，罰款是必然的。avenue n.1. C(城市的)林陰路，大街：an avenue of poplars 白楊樹(shù)的林陰大道2.C方法；途徑：Several avenues are open to us. 我們面前有幾條可行之路。高考英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力各情景常用參考詞匯：購(gòu)物： red, yellow, blue, bla

29、ck, gray, brown, green, pink, silver, white(顏色) suit, coat, dress, shirt, tie, jacket, shoes, brand（貨物）,goods wood, wool, silk（材料） size, macth(n./v.), discount, brand, deal large, small, expensive, dear, cheap （形容詞） try on, look good on sb., sell out, fit sb.well, complain, complaint, receipt(收據(jù))cos

30、t, how many, how much shop, supermarket, grocery store, cart, bakery price, money, cash, check, dollar, yuan, pound, penney天氣： sun, sunny, wind, windy, snow, snowy, rain, rainy, cloud, cloudy, sky, weather forcast fine, nice, beautiful, good, clear, bad, terrible, blue, dark spring, summer, actumn/f

31、all, winter, warm, cool, hot, cold, freezing, wet, dry, drought, flood, storm, thunder, hurricane, lightening就餐：order, meal, food, drink, dish, plate, cup, bowl, apppetite, eat, taste, tasty, delicious, terrible, hungry, starve, full, stuffed, coffee, tea(milk, sugar), restaurant, cafe, bar, bill br

32、eakfast, lunch, supper, dinner, brunch(早中餐) 就醫(yī)：hospital, ambulance, clinic, doctor, nurse, temprature, appetite, medicine, headache, stomachache, teethache, cough, flu, cold, high fever, back, stomach, leg, foot pain, ache, injure, hurt, cut, ease(減輕) , feel sick, feel well look at, examine, have a

33、look at, take temprature, have a good rest, stay in bed, drink more water人物身份及關(guān)系：doctor, nurse, patient interviewer, interviewee waiter, waitress, customer teacher, student classmate, schoolmate husband, wife, couple frends, strangers, boss, manager, employer, secretary, employee, parent, children,k

34、id colleagues, salesman, saleswoman, sales manager, shop assistant, neighbor/ neighbour baker, tailor, butcher, babysitter, robber, murderer旅游和交通：travel, travel agency, travel agent, holiday, business, hotel, book, relax, ride, drive, fly, board pack, package, delay, put off, postpone, call off, fli

35、ght, by air, by airplane, by train, by bus, by car, by water, by boat ticket, passport, visa, luggage/baggage, transaction, transit, transfer, , boarding pass, drivers licence其他： world record, timetable, brake, alarm clock, scholarship, deposit, household appliances section, ferry, handbag, major, a

36、ccount, credit, card, form, composition, thesis, essay, paper, article, diaper(尿布) Concert, band, film, movie, once, twice, hundred, thousand, million, billionrent, rob, input, output, review, quit, apply for, lay off, downsize, register, purchase, buy, dismiss, fire, draft,brilliant, fatal, urgent,

37、 professional, average(平庸的，一般的)，overtime, overweight, physical, mental, psychological, on a diet, lose weight 時(shí)間的表達(dá)方式： early morning, dawn, noon, aternoon, late evening, night year, month, week day, date yearly, monthly, weekly, daily（以10：30， 10：45， 10：55，11：00，11：05，11：15， 11：30 為例） It is thirty mi

38、nutes to ten. 30 minutes= half an hour It is fifteen minutes to eleven. 15 minutes= a quarter of an hour It is five minutes to eleven. It is eleven oclock/ sharp(準(zhǔn)時(shí)地，adv.) It is five minutes pass eleven. It is fifteen/ a quarter past eleven. It is eleven thirty. . 辨析詞匯補(bǔ)充：1.family, house, home home 家

39、，包括住處和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成員. My family is a happy one. 2. sound, voice, noise sound自然界各種各樣的聲音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside. 3. vocabulary, word vocabulary詞匯，一個(gè)人擁有的單詞量，word具體的單詞He has a large vocabulary.4. road, street, path, way road具體的公路，馬路，street街道，path小路，小徑，way道路，途徑5. exercis

40、e, exercises, practice exercise運(yùn)動(dòng)，鍛煉（不可數(shù)），exercises練習(xí)（可數(shù)），practice（反復(fù)做的）練習(xí) Practice makes perfect.6. speech, talk, lecture speech指在公共場(chǎng)所所做的經(jīng)過(guò)準(zhǔn)備的較正式的演說(shuō)，talk日常生活中的一般的談話，講話，lecture學(xué)術(shù)性的演講，講課 a series of lecture on7. work, job 二者均指工作。work不可數(shù)，job可數(shù) a good job8. country, nation, state, land country側(cè)重指版圖，疆域，

41、nation指人民，國(guó)民，民族，state側(cè)重指政府，政體，land國(guó)土，國(guó)家 The whole nation was sad at the news. 9. problem, question problem常和困難連系，前面的動(dòng)詞常為think about, solve, raise，question常和疑問(wèn)連系，多和ask, answer連用10. trip, journey, travel, voyage travel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍長(zhǎng)的旅途，voyage指海上航行 a three-day trip11. other, another other后

42、接名詞復(fù)數(shù)，another后接名詞單數(shù) other students, another student 12. not a little, not a bit not a little非常，not a bit一點(diǎn)也不 I'm not a bit tired. 我一點(diǎn)兒也不累。13. no, not no=not a/any no friend=not a/any friend no water=not any water14. fast, quickly fast側(cè)重于指人或物體具有運(yùn)動(dòng)速度快的特點(diǎn)，quickly側(cè)重指某事完成或發(fā)生的快 run fast, answer the qu

43、estion quickly 15. photo, picture, drawing photo用照相機(jī)拍攝的照片，picture可指相片，圖片，電影片，drawing畫(huà)的畫(huà) Let's go and see a good picture. 16. most, mostly most用于表感受的肯定句中，相當(dāng)于very，當(dāng)大部分，大多數(shù)解時(shí)是形容詞或名詞，mostly大部分,是副詞 most people, the people are mostly 17. just, very just表強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)是副詞，作狀語(yǔ)，very表強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)是形容詞，用作定語(yǔ) the very man, just

44、the man 18. real, true real真的，真實(shí)的，指的是事實(shí)上存在而不是想象的，true真的，真正的，指的是事實(shí)和實(shí)際情況相符合 real gold, a true story19. . pleasant, pleased, pleasing pleasant常用作定語(yǔ)，pleased, pleasing常用作表語(yǔ)，pleased主語(yǔ)常為人，pleasing主語(yǔ)常為物 a pleasant trip The trip is pleasing.20. close, closely close接近，靠近，closely緊緊地，緊密地 closely connected, stan

45、d close 21. high, highly high具體的高，highly抽象的高，高度的 think highly of22. deep, deeply deep具體的深，deeply抽象的深，深深地 deeply moved, dig deep 23. wide, widely wide, 具體的寬， widely, 抽象的寬， 廣泛地 widely used24. ill, sick ill做表語(yǔ)，sick定，表均可 a sick boy 25. good, well good形容詞，well副詞，但指身體狀況是形容詞 He is well again. 26. quiet, si

46、lent, still quiet安靜的，可以發(fā)出小的聲音，silent不發(fā)出聲音，但可以動(dòng)，still完全不動(dòng)，完全無(wú)聲響 He stand there still. 他站在那兒，一動(dòng)不動(dòng)，也不說(shuō)話。 27. hard, hardly hard努力，hardly幾乎不 work hard I can hardly believe it.28. almost, nearly 二者均為"幾乎,差不多" 和否定詞連用用almost almost nobody 29. late, lately late遲，晚，lately最近，近來(lái) I haven't seen him

47、lately. 30. living, alive, live, lively living, alive, live均為活著的，living定表均可，alive定表均可，定語(yǔ)后置，live只能做定語(yǔ)，lively意為活波的 all the living people=all the people alive 31. bad, badly bad形容詞，badly副詞，不好，但與need, want, require連用為"很，非常" go bad I need the book badly.32. raise, rise raise及物動(dòng)詞，rise不及物動(dòng)詞 The s

48、un rises in the east. 33. bring, take, carry, fetch bring拿來(lái)，take帶走，carry隨身攜帶，fetch去回這一往返動(dòng)作 fetch a box of chalk 34. spend, take, pay, cost spend人做主語(yǔ)，花錢，花時(shí)間; spendon sth./in doing sth; take物做主語(yǔ)，花時(shí)間; pay人做主語(yǔ)，花錢，pay for; cost物做主語(yǔ)，花錢35. join, join in, take part in join加入某個(gè)組織，并成為其中的一員；join in參加小型的活動(dòng), join sb. in；take part in 參加大型的活動(dòng) He joined the army five years ago. 36. learn, study learn學(xué)習(xí)，側(cè)重學(xué)習(xí)的結(jié)果，study學(xué)習(xí)