2022年2022年初中現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)講解及練習(xí)

1、精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載初三語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法小結(jié)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成：助動(dòng)詞have（has） +過(guò)去分詞, 1表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果；例如： i have just cleaned my clothes. 我剛洗過(guò)衣服；（“洗衣服”為發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作,對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果為“衣服潔凈了”）現(xiàn)在完成經(jīng)常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：already （”已經(jīng)”用于確定句的中間和末尾處）never“從不”用于中間處 ever （”曾經(jīng)”用于疑問(wèn)句和確定句的中間處）just“剛剛”用于中間處 yet“已經(jīng)”用于疑問(wèn)句的末尾處/“仍”用于否定句的末尾處 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去

2、時(shí)的用法比較現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作始終連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在甚至?xí)B續(xù)下去或表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響；一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間在過(guò)去；試比較：the plane has arrived . 飛機(jī)已經(jīng)來(lái)了；（說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在的情形：飛機(jī)在這兒）the plane arrived a quarter ago.飛機(jī)為一刻中以前來(lái)的；（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間在過(guò)去）i have taught here for fifteen years. 我在這兒已經(jīng)教了十五年； （表示十五年前的動(dòng)作始終連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,仍可能會(huì)連續(xù)； ）i taught here for a year. 我過(guò)去在這兒教過(guò)一年； （表示“我“現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)

3、不在這兒任教了）練習(xí)：i翻譯以下句子：1精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載1.你曾經(jīng)吃過(guò)魚(yú)和薯?xiàng)l嗎？2.我剛剛丟了我的化學(xué)書(shū)；3.我以前從來(lái)沒(méi)去過(guò)那個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)；4.他已經(jīng)吃過(guò)午飯了；5.你已經(jīng)看過(guò)這部電影了嗎？6.我哥哥仍沒(méi)回來(lái)；7.我上星期看過(guò)這部電影；8.在 1992 年他住在這里；ii 用過(guò)去時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)填空：1. “ you have lunch .“ yes.” “ whenyouhaveit.” “ ihaveitat12:00.”2. “ you write a letter to your aunt yet.” “ yes、 i . i write one last

4、week.”3. “ he finish his homework.“ not ye”t. ”4. “ they ever be abroad.“ yes、”ju st once.”5. your father just finish his work.6. your father finish his work just now.7. last term i learn many english words.8. they not read the interesting books yet.9. he never go to the science museum.10. you ever

5、drink coke.11. “ you buy a dictionary.“ yes、 i “ .”“ where you buy it. “ i _” buy it in a精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載bookstore.”“ when you buy it.“ y”e sterday.”精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載2精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載since 和 for的用法表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)頭連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：for、since、 how long、 so far、 these days等；since+過(guò)去點(diǎn)的時(shí)間,

6、for+ 一段時(shí)間（數(shù)詞 +量詞）,此劃線部分用how long 提問(wèn)；一.since 短語(yǔ)或從句表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作連續(xù)至今,since 之后的時(shí)間為一點(diǎn)；如： mr. smith has worked here since 1984. 1984年以來(lái),史密斯先生始終在這工作；精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載hes learned about 5、000 english words since he went to college他.上高校以來(lái)大約精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載學(xué)了五千個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞；二.for 短語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作連續(xù)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間,for 的賓語(yǔ)為時(shí)間段；如： we

7、 have known each other for twenty years.我們熟悉有二十年了；i haven t seen her for a long time. 我好久沒(méi)有見(jiàn)到她了；練習(xí)：用 since 和 for 填空1 two years2 two years ago3 last month4 19995 yesterday6 4 o clock7 4 hours8 an hour ago9 we were children10 lunch time11 she left here1. he has lived in nanjing the year before last.2.

8、 ikvneown him we were children.3. our teacher has studied japanese three years.4. she has been away from the city about ten years.5. it s about ten years she left the city.2.短暫性轉(zhuǎn)換連續(xù)性arrive at/in sw. get to/reach sw. come/go/move to sw. be in sw./at school/at home/on the farm/be here/be there3精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精

9、選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載1) he got to beijing five minutes ago.he beijing for .2) i moved to the usa last year.i the usa since .3) i went home yesterday.i home for .4) they came here last week.they here since .come/go back、 return be backcome/go out be out1) he came out two years ago.he for .2) we return to

10、fuzhou yesterday.we to fuzhou since .become be1) i became a teacher in 2000.i a teacher for .2) the river became dirty last year.the river dirty for .close be closedopen be open1) the shop closed two hours ago.the shop for .2) the door opened at six in the morning.the door for six hours.get up be up

11、die be dead leave sw. be away from sw.fall asleep/get tot sleep be asleep4精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載finish/end be overmarry be married1) i got up two hours ago.i since .2) he left fuzhou just now.he fuzhou for five minutes.3) my grandpa died in 2002.my grandpa for .4) the meeting finished at six.the me

12、eting for six hours.5) i got to sleep two hours ago.i since .6) they married in 1990.they since .start/begin to do sth. do sth.begin be on1) i began to teach at this school in 1995.i at this school since .2) the film began two minutes ago.the film for .borrow keeplose not havebuy haveput on wearcatc

13、h/get a cold have a coldget to know know1) they borrowed it last week.they it since .2) i bought a pen two hours ago.i a pen for .3) i got to know him last year.5精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載i him since .4) i put on my glasses three years ago.i my glasses for .have/has gone to have been in1he has gone to

14、beijing.he beijing for two days.join the league/the party/the army be a league/a party member/a soldier be a member of the league/the party be in the league/the party/the army1) he joined the league in 2002.he a for two years.he a the for two years. he the league for two years.2) my brother joined t

15、he army two years ago.my brother a for . my brother in for two years.3.漢譯英1）這本字典我已買(mǎi)了三年了；2）他離開(kāi)中國(guó)三年了；3）我熟悉他們五年了；4）他們已去了美國(guó)五年了；5）自從他搬到福州,他就住這兒了；6）他們已經(jīng)結(jié)婚10 年；7）我妹妹成為一個(gè)高校生已經(jīng)三年；6精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載8）這會(huì)已開(kāi)了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了？9）這門(mén)已經(jīng)關(guān)了兩天了；10）我入團(tuán) 2 年了；i two years ago.i a for two years.i a of for two years.i the for two

16、years.11）自從 1999 年以來(lái)他們就熟悉；12）我來(lái)到農(nóng)場(chǎng)已5 年了；4.劃線提問(wèn)1) i have been there for two days. you .2) my father has lived here since 2000. your father .3) he left here yesterday. he .4) they bought a book two hours ago. they a book.have been in、 have been to與 have gone to 的用法一.havehas been in 表示“在某地呆多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間” ,常與表示一

17、段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用, 如： since、 for、 how long 等；例如：mr. brown has been in shanghai for three days.布朗先生來(lái)上海已經(jīng)有三天了；此外仍有這些搭配：have beenhere there /at home school /on the farm7精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載have beenhere there / abroad二.havehasbeen to表示“曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地”,現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那里了；可與just、 ever、never 等連用,例如：i have just been to the post

18、office. 我剛才去郵局了； mary has never been to the great wall.瑪麗從未去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城；have you ever been to hangzhou.你曾經(jīng)去過(guò)杭州嗎？havehas been to后面可接次數(shù),表示去過(guò)某地幾次；例如： i have been to beijing three times. 我去過(guò)北京三次；they have been to that village several times.他們?nèi)ミ^(guò)那個(gè)村莊好幾次了；三.havehas gone to 意為“到某地去了” ,表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中；總之,說(shuō)話時(shí)該人不在現(xiàn)場(chǎng),一

19、般不用第一.其次人稱代詞作句子的主語(yǔ)；例如： -where is tom.-he has gone to the bookshop. 湯姆在哪里？他到書(shū)店去了；jack johnson has gone to london.杰克.約翰遜到倫敦去了；練習(xí)：i. 用 havehas been或 havehas gone 填空；a: where li fei .b: he to hainan island.a: how long he there. b: he there for three days.a: when will he come back 、 do you know.b: i m af

20、raid he won t come bac.k recently a: could you tell me the way to hainan island.8精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載b: sorry、 i never there.a: how many times li fei to that place. b: he there only once.ii. 用 have/has been to/in、 have gone to及 go 的各種形式填空；1) where is jack. he his country.2) david the park just no

21、w.3) john england since he came back.4) how long have this village.5) the smiths beijing for years.6) you ever america.- yes、 i there many times.7) i this school since three years ago.8) where is jim. he the farm.9) when he . he an hour ago.10) would you like to the zoo with me.-yes、 but i there bef

22、ore.11) where you now.- i the zoo.12) he often swimming.13) you there last year.14) they often skating in winter.iii. 翻譯以下句子：1. 他已經(jīng)來(lái)中國(guó)三年多了；2. 他們出國(guó)兩個(gè)月了；3. 我從來(lái)沒(méi)去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城；9精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載4. 你曾經(jīng)出過(guò)國(guó)嗎？5. 他已經(jīng)去圖書(shū)館了；6. 他來(lái)這兒五年了；7. 昨天他去了公園；8. “你要去哪里？”“我要去學(xué)校；”9. 他經(jīng)常去游泳；綜合練習(xí) :i. 用 never、 ever、 already、 yet、 f

23、or、 since填空1. i have seen him before、 so i have no idea about him.2. jack has finished his homework an hour ago.3. mr. wang has taught in this school ten years.4. “ have you seen the film.“ n”o、 i have seen it.”5. “ has the bus left .“ y”es 、 it has left.”ii. 翻譯以下句子：1. 他們已經(jīng)打掃了教室嗎？2. 我們已經(jīng)熟悉有二十年了；10精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載3. 打那以后,她始終住在這；4. “你曾經(jīng)到過(guò)那里嗎？”“不,我從來(lái)沒(méi)到過(guò)那里； ”iii. 用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)填空：1.she s live here ever since she was ten. 2.both of them be in hongkong for ten days.3. both of them come