2016年高考全國2卷英語試題(解析版)

1、總評：2016年全國卷ii穩(wěn)中有變，難度適中，全面科學的考查了學生對基礎知識的掌握和語言運用的能力。 閱讀理解從文體上來看，與前幾年的出題思路一致：一篇廣告，一篇說明文，兩篇記敘文；考查內容全面，其中以細節(jié)理解的考查為主，但是推理判斷題比重有所增加，主旨大意題、詞義猜測題也均有涉及。 七選五重在考查上下文銜接識別。如何識別正確的生活知識，給出一些建議，這樣的話題考生得心應手，因此七選五的常規(guī)選項篩選和辨析技巧都能派上用場，良好的時間分配定能攻克此題。完形填空 全文邏輯清晰，上下文線索明了，做題過程比較符合考生所謂“順”的預期。偏向詞匯辨析考查的明顯減少。我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，在整體故事情節(jié)比較通暢的情

2、況下，語意辨析的難度會降低，而純粹的詞匯辨析又居于少數(shù)，因此今年該題重在考查的就是對于語篇的細致理解，并沒有在故事情感線索處及近義詞辨析方面過多挖坑增加區(qū)分度。全文線索清晰，詞匯考查重在語篇理解，詞組搭配考查多用基礎詞匯。本篇完形填空重在考查語篇理解能力，且不在情節(jié)上、詞匯考查上大做文章的趨勢還是愈發(fā)明顯的。語法填空與短文改錯      與去年的試題難度基本一致。突出了高考對于重點考點的重點考查，應該說大部分同學都能在這兩個部分取得一個不錯的分數(shù)，動詞的時態(tài)語態(tài)、非謂語動詞、名詞的單數(shù)復數(shù)以及不同詞性之間的詞形轉換仍然是我們考查的重點。 最后，

3、從書面表達部分來看，仍然是忙碌的李華，是一篇書信作文中的邀請類作文，應該說也是未來出題的一種趨勢，那就是回歸到高考題的經典考法上來。  第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第1節(jié) (共15題：每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(a、b、c和d)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。awhats on?electric underground7.30pm1.00am free at the cyclops theatredo you know whos playing in your area? were bringing you an eve

4、ning of live rock and pop music from the best local bands. are you interested in becoming a musician and getting a recording contract(合同)? if so, come early to the talk at 7.30pm by jules skye, a successful record producer. hes going to talk about how you can find the right person to produce you mus

5、ic.gee whizz8.30pm-10.30pm comedy at kaleidoscopecome and see gee whizz perform. hes the funniest stand-up comedian on the comedy scene. this joyful show will please everyone, from the youngest to the oldest. gee whizz really knows how to make you laugh! our bar is open from 7.00pm for drinks and sn

6、acks(快餐).simons workshop5.00pm-7.30pm wednesdays at victoria stagethis is a good chance for anyone who wants to learn how to do comedy. the workshop looks at every kind of comedy, and practices many different ways of making people laugh. simon is a comedian and actor who has 10 years experience of t

7、eaching comedy. his workshops are exciting and fun. an evening with simon will give you the confidence to be funny.charlotte stone8.00pm-11.00pm pizza worldfine food with beautiful jazz music; this is a great evening out. charlotte stone will perform songs from her new best-selling cd, with james pi

8、ckering on the piano. the menu is italian, with excellent meat and fresh fish, pizzas and pasta(面食). book early to get a table. our bar is open all day, and serves cocktails, coffee, beer, and white wine.1. who can help you if you want to have your music produced? a. jules skye. b. gee whizz.c. char

9、lotte stone. d. james pickering.2. at which place can people of different ages enjoy a good laugh? a. the cyclops theatre b. kaleidoscopec. victoria stage d. pizza world3. what do we know about simons workshop? a. it requires membership status. b. it lasts three hours each time. c. it is run by a co

10、medy club. d. it is held every wednesday.4. when will charlotte stone perform her songs? a. 5.00pm-7.30pm. b. 7.30pm1.00am. c. 8.00pm-11.00pm. d. 8.30pm-10.30pm.【答案】1.a 2. b 3. d 4. c 【解析】2.b 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二則廣告第三句this joyful show will please everyone, from the youngest to the oldest可知這場表演能夠讓所有年齡段的人都很開心。表

11、演的場所在kaleidoscope。故b正確。3.d 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三則廣告第二行中“5.00 pm- 7.30pm wednesdays at victoria stage”可知simon's workshop的表演是在每周三下午5點至7點30之間進行。故d項正確。4.c 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四則廣告第二行“8.00pm-11.00pm pizza world”可知charlotte stone將在晚上8.00至11點之間表演她最受歡迎的歌曲。故c項正確?！久麕燑c睛】 本文屬于廣告類短文，所考查四題均為細節(jié)題中的直接理解題。細節(jié)事實理解題主要考查考生對文章中某一些特定細節(jié)或文章的重

12、要實事的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解題和語義理解題兩種。直接理解題的答案與原文直接掛鉤，從閱讀材料中可以找到。這種題難度低，只要學生讀懂文章，就能得分，屬于低層次題。 在閱讀中可以使用定位法與跳讀法解決直接理解題。定位法即根據(jù)題干和選項所提供的信息直接從原文中找到相應的句子(即定位)，然后進行比較和分析(尤其要注意一些同義轉換)，從而找出正確答案。跳讀法即根據(jù)題干和選項所提供的信息跳讀原文，并找到相關的句子(有時可能是幾個句子)或段落，然后進行分析和推理等，從而找出正確答案。 以本文為例，我們根據(jù)題干中“people of different ages enjoy a good laugh”所

13、有年齡段的人都能夠從中獲得笑聲，直接定位第二則廣告第三句this joyful show will please everyone, from the youngest to the oldest可知這場表演能夠讓所有年齡段的人都很開心，故選擇b項?？键c：考查廣告類閱讀b five years ago, when i taught art at a school in seattle, i used tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out something about my students. i put a s

14、mall set of tinkertoys in front of each student, and said:”make something out of the tinkertoys. you have 45 minutes today - and 45minutes each day for the rest of the week.” a few students hesitated to start. they waited to see the rest of the class would do. several others checked the instructions

15、 and made something according to one of the model plans provided. another group built something out of their own imaginations. once i had a boy who worked experimentally with tinkertoys in his free time. his constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home. i

16、was delighted at the presence of such a student. here was an exceptionally creative mind at work. his presence meant that i had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect(感染) other students. encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. i ran the risk of losing those

17、 students who had a different style of thinking. without fail one would declare, ”but im just not creative.” “do you dream at night when youre asleep?” “oh, sure.” “so tell me one of your most interesting dreams.” the student would tell something wildly imaginative. flying in the sky or in a time ma

18、chine or growing three heads. “thats pretty creative. who does that for you?” “nobody. i do it.” “really-at night, when youre asleep?” “sure.” “try doing it in the daytime, in class, okay?”5. the teacher used tinkertoys in class in order to _?a. know more about the students b. make the lessons more

19、exciting c. raise the students interest in art d. teach the students about toy design6. what do we know about the boy mentioned in paragraph 3?a. he liked to help his teacher. b. he preferred to study alone. c. he was active in class. d. he was imaginative.7. what does the underlined word “downside”

20、 in paragraph 4 probably mean?a. mistake. b. drawback. c. difficulty. d. burden.8. why did the teacher ask the students to talk about their dreams? a. to help them to see their creativity. b. to find out about their sleeping habits. c. to help them to improve their memory. d. to find out about their

21、 ways of thinking.【答案】5. a 6. d 7. b 8. a 6.d 推理判斷題。文章第三段第一句中提到的這個男孩在空閑時間拼裝這些玩具，而且他的作品堆滿了藝術教室的架子，家里的臥室里也有很多。第三段倒數(shù)第三句“here was an exceptionally creative mind at work”說明他是一個很有想象力和創(chuàng)造性的人。故d項正確。7.b 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞后一句“i ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking.”可知我冒著失去那些有不同

22、思維方式的學生的危險。說明我的這種教育方法也有不足之處。故劃線詞意為“drawback缺點”。故b正確。8.a 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后七段中的對話內容可知作者鼓勵孩子們說出最有趣的、有創(chuàng)造性和想象力的夢，并鼓勵他們在白天的課堂里把夢的內容做出來。作者這樣做的目的就是為了讓他們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的創(chuàng)造性和想象力。故a正確。【名師點睛】本文屬于詞義猜測題。我們可以根據(jù)后句“i ran the risk . thinking.”中的“risk”說明我的教育方法也有不足之處，故劃線詞意為“drawback缺點，不足”。本題屬于典型的理由上下文語境推測。近幾年高考閱讀中猜測詞義考查方法多樣化，其中根據(jù)上下文語境

23、推測將會越來越多。根據(jù)上下文語境作出判斷：有時短文中出現(xiàn)一個需猜測其意義的詞或短語，下面接著出現(xiàn)其定義域解釋或例子，這就是判斷該詞或短語意義的主要依據(jù)。請看下例：      shanghai bashi tourism car rental centre offers a wide variety ofchoicesdeluxe sedans, minivans, station wagons,&

24、#160;coaches, santana sedans are the big favorite.     從前面的car rental center可知出租車公司提供的只能是cars for rent(出租汽車)，也就是說劃線的詞都是出租汽車的名稱。 除此之外，我們還可以根據(jù)轉折或對比關系進行判斷：根據(jù)上下句的連接詞，如but，however，otherwise等就可以看到前后句在意義上的差別，從而依據(jù)某一句的含義，來確定另一句的含義。另外，

25、分號(；)也可以表示轉折、對比或不相干的意義。 還可以根據(jù)因果關系進行判斷：俗話說，“有因必有果，有果必有因”。根據(jù)原因可以預測結果，根據(jù)結果也可以找出原因。例如biggest power failure in the city's historyall of our icecream and frozen foods melted 根據(jù)因果關系，停電只能導致冰淇淋和冷凍食品“融化”，也就是melted?？键c：考查記敘文閱讀creading can be a

26、 social activity. think of the people who belong to book groups. they choose books to read and then meet to discuss them. now, the website bookc turns the page on the traditional idea of a book group.members go on the site and register the books they own and would like to share. bookcrossing provide

27、s an identification number to stick inside the book. then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it. bruce pederson, the managing director of bookcrossing, says, “the two things that change your life

28、are the people you meet and books you read. bookcrossing combines both.” members leave books on park benches and buses, in train stations and coffee shops. whoever finds their book will go to the site and record where they found it. people who find a book can also leave a journal entry describing wh

29、at they thought of it. e-mails are then sent to the bookcrossing to keep them updated about where their books have been found. bruce peterson says the idea is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home. bookcrossing is part of a trend among people who want to ge

30、t back to the “real” and not the virtual(虛擬). the site now has more than one million members in more than one hundred thirty-five countries.9. why does the author mention book groups in the first paragraph? a. to explain what they are. b.to introduce bookcrossing.c. to stress the importance of readi

31、ng. d. to encourage readers to share their ideas.10. what does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2refer to? a. the book. b.an adventure. c.a public place. d. the identification number.11. what will a bookcrosser do with a book after reading it? a. meet other readers to discuss it. b.keep it safe

32、 in his bookcase. c. pass it on to another reader. d. mail it back to its owner.12. what is the best title for the text? a. online reading: a virtual tour b. electronic books: a new trend c. a book group brings tradition back d. a website links people through books【答案】9. b 10. a11. c 12. d 10.a 代詞指代

33、題。根據(jù)本句“.hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it”那些留下書的人希望自己的書能夠隨著找到它的人走得更遠?？芍渲械膇t指代前半句提到的同一事物“the book”。故a正確。11.c 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段最后一句“.the idea is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home”讓書蒙上塵土是一種很自

34、私的行為，網(wǎng)站bookc的目的正是鼓勵人們與別人分享圖書，所以拿到書的人最可能繼續(xù)把書傳遞下去。故c項正確。12.d 標題概括題。根據(jù)文章第三段可知bookc把人生命中最重要的兩個事物：人和書聯(lián)系在一起。d項內容能夠涵蓋文章的中心思想?！久麕燑c睛】本文考查了代詞指代題。根據(jù)本句“.hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it”留下書的人希望自己的書能夠隨著找到它的人走得更遠?？芍渲械膇t指代前半句提到的同一事物“the book”。&#

35、160;    首先，it指上句中的the question，而the question又指上一段中“月球人”所提的問題，所以要經過兩次查找才能選出答案。考點：考查說明文閱讀da new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful antarctic voyage back to life.frank hurleys pictures would be outstanding-undoubtedly first-rate photo-journalism-if they had been m

36、ade last week. in fact, they were shot from 1914 through 1916, most of them after a disastrous shipwreck(海灘), by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival. many of the images were stored in an ice chest, under freezing water, in the damaged wooden ship. the ship was the endurance, a

37、small, tight, norwegian-built three-master that was intended to take sir ernest shackleton and a small crew of seamen and scientists, 27 men in all, to the southernmost shore of antarcticas weddell sea. from that point shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled(雪橇) across the continent. the jo

38、urney was intended to achieve more than what captain robert falcon scott had done. captain scott had reached the south pole early in 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back. as writer caroline alexander makes clear in her forceful and well-researched story the endurance, adventu

39、ring was even then a thoroughly commercial effort. scotts last journey, completed as be lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger, caught the worlds imagination, and a film made in his honor drew crowds. shackleton, a onetime british merchant-navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the south po

40、le in 1908, started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography. frank hurley, a confident and gifted australian photographer who knew the antarctic, was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been published.13. what do we know about the photos

41、 taken by hurley? a. they were made last week b. they showed undersea sceneries c. they were found by a cameraman d. they recorded a disastrous adventure14. who reached the south pole first according to the text? a. frank hurley b. ernest shackleton c. robert falcon scott d. caroline alexander15. wh

42、at does alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage? a. artistic creation b. scientific research c. money making d. treasure hunting【答案】13. d 14. c 15. c 35.c 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二句“shackleton, a onetime british merchant-navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the south pole in 1908, started

43、 a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography.”可知alexander認為他的這次航行就是為了掙錢。故c項正確。【名師點睛】 本文三題均考查了細節(jié)題。在完成細節(jié)題時，要特別注意排除干擾項。如中的a項“they were made last week”屬于“顛倒黑白”類干擾項，根據(jù)第二段第一句“frank hurleys pictures.undoubtedly first-rate photo-journalism-if they had been made last week

44、.”可知“如果這些照片是上周所拍，那么就會是一流的?！睂嶋H上這些照片是1914年左右拍攝的。說明a項明顯錯誤。干擾項的設置方法除了“顛倒黑白”之外，通常還有以下幾種方式： 1. 張冠李戴。命題者把文章作者的觀點與他人的觀點混淆起來，題干問的是作者的觀點，選項中出現(xiàn)的卻是他人的觀點；或者題干問的是他人的觀點，卻把作者的觀點放到選項中去。 2. 偷梁換柱。干擾項用了與原文相似的句型結構和大部分相似的詞匯，卻在不易引人注意的地方換了幾個詞匯，造成句意的改變。 3. 無中生有。干擾項往往是生活的基本常識和普遍接受的觀點，但在原文中并無相關的信

45、息支持點，這種選項的設置往往與問題的設問毫不相干。 4. 以偏概全。考生在做猜測文章中心思想、給文章添加標題或判斷推理題時，往往會犯以偏概全的錯誤。產生這類錯誤的原因是考生受思維定勢的影響或考慮不周，以局部代替整體。其具體表現(xiàn)為合理關聯(lián)與不合理關聯(lián)、準確概括與不準確概括之間的錯位。不合理關聯(lián)就是表層理解與深層理解相混淆。表層理解是對文章中客觀事實的感知和記憶，往往是文章直接表述的結論；深層理解則是對文章中的客觀事實進行邏輯推理、總結或概括后得出的結論。不準確概括是指不能準確地按題目要求概括或提取文中的表層或深層信息?？键c：考查記敘文閱讀第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10

46、分）根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。a garden thats just right for youhave you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(總和) of its parts? 16 . but it doesnt happen by accident. it starts with looking inside you

47、rself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process._17 some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer

48、 fertilizers(肥料). 18 . however, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. one of them comes from our earliest years.recall(回憶)your childhood memories our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. grandmas rose garden and dads vegetable garden

49、 might be good or bad, but thats not whats important. 19 -how being in those gardens made us feel. if youd like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth. 20 then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into y

50、our grown-up garden. have fun.a. know why you gardenb. find a good place for your own gardenc. its our experience of the garden that mattersd. its delightful to see so many beautiful flowerse. still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plantsf. you can produce that kind of magical qua

51、lity in your own garden, toog. for each of those gardens, writer down the strongest memory you have 【答案】16. f 17. a 18. e 19. c 20. g18.e 本段前兩句提出有些人認為花園只是一些花花草草，有些人關心少用水少用廢料。本句仍然在說明人們對園藝的不同看法。故e項“還有其他人只是喜歡在戶外接觸植物”與上下文一致，也是人們對于園藝的觀點。19.c 根據(jù)前句“.那些都不重要”可知劃線句強調的是在園藝中對我們來說真正重要的是什么。故c項“重要的是我們搞園藝的經歷”符合上下文串

52、聯(lián)。20.g 本部分介紹如果我們自己建一個花園，要回憶一下年輕的時候所看到的那些花園，并把這些花園的優(yōu)點寫下來，然后制定計劃并把自己的計劃變成美麗的花園。故g項與上下文一致?！久麕燑c睛】 本文屬于七選五閱讀中最常見的設空在段首的方法，通常是段落主題句。認真閱讀后文內容，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找同義詞或其他相關的詞，推斷出主題句。本題我們根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二句“however, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.”可知我們首先要知道為什么要搞園藝。故a項為本段主題句。 當七選五閱讀設

53、空在句首時，還可能存在以下兩種情況： 1. 屬于段落間的過渡句。這時要前瞻后望找啟示，即閱讀上一段結尾部分，通常正確答案與上一段結尾有機地銜接起來，并結合下一段內容，看所選的答案是否將兩段內容連貫起來。 2. 與后文是并列、轉折、因果關系等。著重閱讀后文第一兩句，鎖定線索信號詞，然后在選項中查找相關特征詞。通常正確答案的最后一句與空白后的第一句在意思上是緊密銜接的，因此這兩句間會有   某種的銜接手段，尤其當選項是幾句話時。比如，如果選項中出現(xiàn)時間年代時，往往要注意與原文中年代的前后對應關系。 考點：考查說明文閱讀第二部分：英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45

54、分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（a、b、c和d）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。 hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device(裝置)on your desk. and theyve never actually 21 you. everything they know about you 22 through this device, sometimes from hundreds of m

55、iles away. 23 they feel they can know you 24 from the sound of your voice. thats how powerful the 25 is. powerful, yes, but not always 26 . for years i dealt with my travel agent only by phone. rani, my faceless agent whom id never met 27 , got me rock-bottom prices on airfares, cars, and hotels. bu

56、t her cold voice really 28 me. i sometimes wished to 29 another agent. one morning, i had to 30 an immediate flight home for a family emergency. i ran into ranis office 31 . the woman sitting at the desk, 32 my madness, sympathetically jumped up. she gave me a 33 smile, nodded while listening patien

57、tly, and then printed out the 34 immediately. “what a wonderful lady!” i thought. rushing out 35 i called out over my shoulder, “by the way, whats your name?” “im rani,” she said. i turned around and saw a 36 woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip. i was 37 ! why had i thought she was cold? rani was, well, so 38 . sitting back in the car on the way to the airport, i figured it all out. ranis 39 -her warm smile, her nods, her im here for you 40 -were all silent signals that didnt travel through wires.21.