2022年人教版新課標(biāo)高一英語(yǔ)Book3unit2Healthyeating情態(tài)動(dòng)詞歸納

1、精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載語(yǔ)法歸納之情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有 can could、 may might、 must、 have to、 shall should、 will would、 dare dared、 need needed、 ought to等； 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無(wú)人稱和數(shù)的變化；不能單獨(dú)使用,必需與其后的動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)；一. can、 could1) 表示才能（體力.學(xué)問(wèn).技能）；can you lift this heavy box.（ 體 力 ） mary can speak three language（s. 學(xué)問(wèn)） can you skate.（技能）此時(shí)可用 be able

2、 to代替； can 只有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去式；而be able to就有更多的時(shí)態(tài)；i ll not be able to come this afternoon.當(dāng)表示 “經(jīng)過(guò)努力才得以做勝利某事”時(shí)應(yīng)用 be able to,不能用 can；如： he was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.2) 表示懇求和答應(yīng)；-can i go now.- yes、 you can. / no、 you can t.此時(shí)可與 may 互換；在疑問(wèn)句中仍可用could、might 代替,不為過(guò)去

3、式,只為語(yǔ)氣更委婉,不能用于確定句和答語(yǔ)中；- could i come to see you tomorrow.- yes、 you can. no、 iafmraid not. 3) 表示客觀可能性（客觀緣由形成的才能）；they ve changed the timetable、 so we can go by bus instead. this hall can hold 500 people at least.4) 表示估量（驚奇.懷疑.不信任的態(tài)度）,用于疑問(wèn)句.否定句和感嘆句中；can this be true.this can t be done by him. how can

4、 this be true.二. may、 might1 表示懇求和答應(yīng)； might 比 may 語(yǔ)氣更委婉,而不為過(guò)去式；否定回答時(shí)可用can或tmustn,t表示 “不行以,禁止 ”；-might/ may i smoke in this room.- no、 you mustn t.- may/might i take this book out of the room.- yes、 you can. no、 you can t / mustn t. 用 may i. ？征徇對(duì)方許可時(shí)比較正式和客氣,而用can i.？在口語(yǔ)中更常見(jiàn)； 2）用于祈使句,表示希望；精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料

5、 - - - 歡迎下載may you succeed.3 表示估量.可能性（不用于疑問(wèn)句）；might 不為過(guò)去式,它所表示的可能性比may ??； 1he may /might be very busy now.2your mother may /might not know the truth.三. must、 have to1) 表示必需.必要；you must come in time.在回答引出的問(wèn)句時(shí),假如為否定的,不能用mustn（t禁止,不準(zhǔn)）,而用needn t、 don t have to（不必） .- must we hand in our exercise books t

6、oday.- yes、 you must.- no、 you don t have to / ynoeuedn t.2) must 為說(shuō)話人的主觀看法,而 have to 就強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要；must 只有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí), have to有更多的時(shí)態(tài)形式；1 he play isn t interesting、 i really must go now. 2 i had to work when i was your age.3) 表示估量.可能性（只用于確定的陳述句）1 you re tom s good friend、 so you must knwohwat he likes best. 2 y

7、our mother must be waiting for you now.四. dare、 need1) dare 作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用時(shí) 、 常用于疑問(wèn)句.否定句和條件從句中、 過(guò)去式形式為dared； 1 how dare you say i m unfair.2 he daren t speak english before such a crowd、 dare he.3 if we dared not go there that day, we couldn t get the beautiful flowers.2) need 作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用時(shí) 、 常用于疑問(wèn)句.否定句；在確定句中一般用m

8、ust、 have to、 ought to、should 代替；1you needn t come so early.2. - need i finish the work today.- yes、 you must. / no、 you needn .t3) dare 和 need作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用時(shí), 有人稱.時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)的變化；在確定句中, dare 后面常接帶 to 的不定式；在疑問(wèn)句和否定句中, dare 后面可接帶 to 或不帶 to 的不定式；而 need后面只能接帶 to 的不定式；1. i dare to swim across this river.2. he doesn t da

9、re to answer.3. he needs to finish his homework today.五. shall、 should1) shall 用于第一人稱,征求對(duì)方的看法；精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載what shall we do this evening.2) shall 用于其次.三人稱,表示說(shuō)話人給對(duì)方的命令.警告.承諾或威逼；1. you shall fail if you don t w警o告rkhard.2. he shall have the book when i finish it.承諾3. he shall be punished.威脅六

10、 . will、 would1) 表示懇求.建議等, would 更委婉；will / would you pass me the ball、 please.2) 表示意志.愿望和決心；1. i will never do that again.2. they asked him if he would go abroad.3) would 表示過(guò)去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或某種傾向；would 表示過(guò)去習(xí)慣時(shí)比used to正式,且沒(méi)有“現(xiàn)已無(wú)此習(xí)慣 ”的含義；1. during the vacation、 he would visit me every other day.2. the wound

11、would not heal.4) 表示估量和猜想；it would be about ten o clock when she left home.七. should、 ought to1) should、 ought to表示 “應(yīng)當(dāng)”,ought to 表示義務(wù)或責(zé)任,比should 語(yǔ)氣重；1. i should help her because she is in trouble.2. you ought to take care of the baby.2) 表示勸說(shuō).建議和命令；should、 ought to 可通用,但在疑問(wèn)句中常用should；1. you should /

12、 ought to go to class right away.2. should i open the window.3) 表示估量should 、 ought to 客觀估量 、must主觀估量 ；1. he must be home by now. 斷定他已到家 精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載2. he ought to/should be home by now.不3. this is where the oil must be.直爽太確定 精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載4. this is where the oil ought to/should

13、be.含蓄八. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 +不定式完成式 （ have done）1) can / could + have done在確定句中表示 “原來(lái)可以做而實(shí)際上能做某事”,為虛擬語(yǔ)氣； 在疑問(wèn)句或否定句中表示對(duì)過(guò)去行為的懷疑或不愿定、 表示估量；1. you could have done better、 but you didn t t（ry虛yo擬ur語(yǔ)b氣es）t.2. he can t have been to that t（ow推n.測(cè)）精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載3. can he have got the book（.估量）精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下

14、載2) may / might +不定式完成式（ have done）表示對(duì)過(guò)去行為的估量；不能用于疑問(wèn)句中,沒(méi)有虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法；might 所表示的可能性精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載比 may ?。?. he may not have finished the work .2. if we had taken the other road、 we might have arrived earlier.3） must +不定式完成式（ have done）用于確定句中,表示對(duì)過(guò)去行為的估量；意為“肯定.想必 ”；其疑問(wèn).否定形式用can,cant 代替；參看 1 can /

15、could + have done表示估量；1. you must have seen the film titanic.2. he must have been to shanghai.4） should +不定式完成式（ have done） 用于確定句中,表示對(duì)過(guò)去行為的估量；he should have finished the work by now；表示“本應(yīng)當(dāng)做而實(shí)際上沒(méi)有做某事”,其否定式表示某種行為本不該發(fā)生卻發(fā)生了；可以與 ought to +不定式完成式（ have done）互換；1. you ought to / should have helped him. but you didn t.2. she shouldn t have taken away my