Gideontoury翻譯理論學(xué)習(xí)教案

1、會計學(xué)1Gideontoury翻譯理論翻譯理論Life and workTranslation theory 2.1 Gideon Tourys theory of translational norms (first period 1972-1976) 2.2 Descriptive Translation Studies (second period ) 第1頁/共12頁Gideon Toury is Professor of Poetics, Comparative Literature and Translation Studies at Tel Aviv University, wh

2、ere he holds the M. Bernstein Chair of Translation Theory. He is the founder and General Editor of Target: International Journal of Translation Studies and for years General Editor of the important Benjamins Translation Library. He has published three books, a number of edited volumes and numerous a

3、rticles, in both English and Hebrew, in the fields of translation theory and comparative literature. His articles have also appeared in translation in many other languages, and he is himself an active translator too (with about 30 books and many articles to his credit). He is a member of the editori

4、al or advisory boards of a number of international journals. In 2000, he was awarded an honorary doctorate by Middlesex University, London.Life and work 第2頁/共12頁The theory of translational norms, formulated by the Israeli scholar Gedion Toury in 1980s, contributes a lot to the “cultural turn” of tra

5、nslation studies. This theory constructs a multi-dimensional framework, which includes the historical, social and cultural factors influencing the translation activity. The first period第3頁/共12頁What is Gideon Tourys normIn his definition, norm is the general criteria accepted by a community. But what

6、 is emphasized here is that norm is a sociological term, referring to a category applicable to all the aspects of the society, so is to translation, of course.In Tourys opinion, translation is a kind of activity which involves at least two languages and two cultural traditions. He considers that “tr

7、anslation is a norm-governed activity”. Hence, translation is a kind of personal behavior; however, it is not random of accidental at all. Instead, it can be traced and analyzed according to various kinds of norms governing it. 第4頁/共12頁6The Principles of Translational Norms第5頁/共12頁起始準則起始準則（initial n

8、orms): 譯者個人的傾向初級準則初級準則（preliminary norms): 決定譯文選擇的因素以及整個多元體系 中的翻譯策略運作準則運作準則 （operational norms): 實際翻譯過程中影響抉擇的準則第6頁/共12頁The application of the norms in the translation prologueFor us and for our tragedy,Here stooping to your clemency,We beg your hearing patiently.序詩序詩今天悲劇上演今天悲劇上演謬承謬承諸位賞臉諸位賞臉還求海量包涵還求海

9、量包涵耐性把戲聽完耐性把戲聽完-Matricial norms 第7頁/共12頁The second periodIn the second period, Toury devoted himself to the exploration and construction of descriptive translation studies, the most famous monograph Descriptive Translation Studies and Beyond was published in 1995.第8頁/共12頁Descriptive translation stud

10、ies believe that a translation will be any target language text which is presented or regarded as such in a target system, on whatever grounds.“翻譯就是在目的系統(tǒng)當中，表現(xiàn)為翻譯或者被認為是翻譯的任何一段目的的語文本，不管所根據(jù)的理由是什么”As Gideon Toury points out, “what constitutes the subject matter of a proper discipline of translation stud

11、ies are observable or reconstructable facts of real life rather than merely speculative entities resulting from preconceived hypotheses and theoretical models” (Toury 1995:1)第9頁/共12頁11Examples of the Descriptive Translation Studies 原文原文： Lumber and boat and junk yard. The bare behind of industry, its dirty underwear, so beautifully disguised by winter.譯文一譯文一 ： 還有木材，小船和廢物場。