2019-2020學(xué)年高中英語階段綜合測評4(含解析)9

1、學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精1 階段綜合測評 ( 四）（時間： 100分鐘；滿分： 120分) . 閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題 2分，滿分 30分)aplants are flowering faster than scientists predicted（預(yù)測）in reaction to climate change, which could have long damaging effects on food chains and ecosystems。global warming is having a great effect on hundreds of plant and ani

2、mal species around the world，changing some living patterns，scientists say.increased carbon dioxide （co2)in the air from burning coal and oil can have an effect on how plants produce oxygen，while higher temperatures and changeable rainfall patterns can change their patterns of growth.“predicting spec

3、ies reaction to climate change is a major challenge in ecology, ” said the researchers of several us。 universities 。 they said plants had been the key object of study because their reaction to climate change could have an effect on food chains and ecosystem services.the study ，published on the natur

4、e website ，uses the findings from 學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精2 plant life cycle studies and experiments across four continents and 1，634 species. it found that some experiments had underestimated （低估 ) the speed of flowering by 8 。5 times and leafing by 4 times.“across all species ， the experiments under 。predict

5、ed the speed of the advance for both leafing and flowering that results from temperature increases， the study said 。the design of future experiments may need to be improved to better predict how plants will react to climate change, it said。plants are necessary for life on the earth. they are the bas

6、e of the food chain， using photosynthesis （光合作用） to produce sugar from carbon dioxide and water 。 they let out oxygen which is needed by nearly every organism on the planet.scientists believe the worlds average temperature has risen by about 0。8 since 1900, and nearly 0.2 every ten years since 1979。

7、so far，efforts to cut emissions（排放)of planet.warming greenhouse gases are not seen as enough to prevent the earth heating up beyond 2 this centurya point scientists say will bring the danger of a changeable climate in which weather extremes are common, leading to drought, floods, 學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精3 crop

8、 failures and rising sea levels?！菊Z篇解讀】本文為科普類文章 .文章論述了全球變暖的氣候環(huán)境會讓植物提前開花，進而影響整個食物鏈及生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。1what is the key information the author wants to give in paragraph 1？aplants reaction to weather could have damaging effects on ecosystems 。b the increa sing speed of flowering is beyond scientists expectation 。ccl

9、imate change leads to the change of food production patterns.dfood chains have been seriously damaged because of weather.【解析】細節(jié)理解題。第一段話給讀者傳達的主要信息存在于主句，而不是which 所引導(dǎo)的定語從句上。根據(jù)“plants are flowering faster than scientists predicted（預(yù)測） 可知,作者是要告知讀者植物開花的增速超出了科學(xué)家的預(yù)測。故選b。a 為次要信息?！敬鸢浮縝2we can learn from the s

10、tudy published on the naturewebsite that 學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精4 aplants flowering is 8 。5 times faster than leafingbthere are 1,634 plant species on the fourcontinentscscientists should improve the design of theexperimentsdthe experiments failed to predict how plants react to climate change【 解 析 】細 節(jié) 理 解 題

11、.根 據(jù) 第 五 段 “ it found that some experiments had underestimated（低估） the speed of flowering by 8。5 times and leafing by 4 times.”可知暗示讀者：對于植物所設(shè)計的實驗應(yīng)該有所改進，故答案選c。【答案】c3 scientists pay special attention to the study of plants because athey can prove the climate change clearlybthey are very important in th

12、e food chainscthey play a leading role in reducing global warmingdthey are growing and flowering much faster than before學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精5 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“they said plants had been the key object of study because their reaction to climate change could have an effect on food chains and ecosystem services

13、。 ”可知植物對氣候變化的反應(yīng)對整個食物鏈和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)都至關(guān)重要。故答案選b?！敬鸢浮縝4what can be inferred from the last two paragraphs about the world s temperature?ait has risen nearly 0.2 since 1979 。bits change will lead to weather extremes。c it is 0.8 higher in 1979 than that of 1900.dit needs to be controlled within 2 in this century.

14、【解析】推理判斷題。從倒數(shù)第二段“。.。has risen by about 0.8 since 1900 ，and nearly 0.2 every ten years since 1979。 ” 可知 a、c 項錯誤 ;從最后一段敘述可知，如果本世紀地球變暖超過2,便會出現(xiàn) weather extremes 。暗示我們這個世紀地球溫度的上升需要控制在 2的范圍之內(nèi)。故答案選d。【答案】db學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精6 the production of coffee beans is a huge， profitable business, but ，unfortunately，full-

15、sun production is taking over the industry and bringing about a lot of damage. the change in how coffee is grown from shade 。grown production to full.sun production endangers the very existence of certain animals and birds, and even disturbs the worlds ecological balance.on a local level ， the damag

16、e of the forest required by full-sun fields affects the areas birds and animals。the shade of the forest trees provides a home for birds and other species （物種 ) that depend on the trees flowers and fruits. full 。sun coffee growers destroy this forest home. as a result，many species are quickly dying o

17、ut.on a more global level ， the destruction of the rainforest for full.sun coffee fields also threatens ( 威脅） human life。 medical research often makes use of the forest s plant and animal life，and the destruction of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures for certain diseases.in ad

18、dition， new coffee.growing techniques are poisoning the water locally ，and eventually the worlds groundwater。both locally and globally ， the continued spread of full.sun coffee plantations ( 種植園 ) could mean the destruction of the rainforest ecology. 學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精7 the loss of shade trees is already

19、 causing a slight change in the world s climate ， and studies show that the loss of oxygen。 giving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming. moreover, the new growing techniques are contributing to acidic ( 酸性的） soil conditions。it is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many

20、 aspects of life, from the local environment to the global ecology。 but consumers do have a choice。 they can purchase shade 。grown coffee whenever possible ， although at a higher cost. the future health of the planet and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee?！菊Z篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文?？?/p>

21、啡豆的新的種植技術(shù)帶來了很大的利潤，但與此同時也給我們帶來了很多危害，影響我們生活的各個層面，因此我們要做出正確的選擇。5what can we learn about full 。sun coffee production from paragraph 4 ？ait limits the spread of new growing techniques.bit leads to air pollution and global warming 。cit slows down the loss of shade trees.dit improves local soil conditions.

22、學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精8 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段中的“。.the loss of oxygen 。giving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming?！笨芍?b 項正確。由第四段第一句可知，是擴大了而不是限制了新種植技術(shù)的傳播， 故 a 項錯誤 ;它破壞了雨林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)， 而不是減慢了這些樹的喪失速度，故 c 項錯誤;由第四段最后一句可知 ,這種新的種植技術(shù)導(dǎo)致了酸性土壤狀況而不是改進了土壤狀況，故d 項錯誤?！敬鸢浮縝6the purpose of the text is to aentertain badver

23、tisecinstruct dpersuade【解析】觀點態(tài)度題。通讀全文可知，本文向大家介紹咖啡豆的新的種植技術(shù)所帶來的不良影響，旨在說服大家做出正確的選擇， 故選 d 項 persuade（說服).entertain娛樂， advertise做廣告，instruct指導(dǎo)，均不合適?！敬鸢浮縟7where does this text probably come from?aan agricultural magazine 。ba medical journal.學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精9 can engineering textbook.da tourist guide ?！窘馕觥客评砼?/p>

24、斷題 .本文向大家介紹咖啡豆的新的種植技術(shù)所帶來的不良影響，這屬于農(nóng)學(xué)的范疇，因此最有可能出自一本農(nóng)學(xué)雜志，故選 a 項。b 項 a medical journal( 一本醫(yī)學(xué)雜志），c 項 an engineering textbook( 一本工程教科書） ,d 項 a tourist guide(一本旅行指南)，均不正確 .【答案】a8which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?(p:paragraph)【解析】文章結(jié)構(gòu)題 .通讀全文可知，文章第一段從整體上介紹咖啡豆的新的種植技術(shù)帶來的危害,中間第二、三、四段詳

25、細介紹了具體的危害，最后一段介紹這種新的種植技術(shù)影響我們生活的各學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精10 個層面，消費者要做出正確的選擇。因此，整篇文章屬于“總分總結(jié)構(gòu),故選 a 項。【答案】acwhat theresa loe is doing proves that a large farm isnt a prerequisite for a modern grow-your-own lifestyle.on a mere 1/10 of an acre in los angeles ，loe and her family grow ，can（裝罐 )and preserve much of the

26、 food they consume 。loe is a master food preserver， gardener and canning expert。 she also operates a website ，where she shares her tips and recipes,with the goal of demonstrating that everyone has the ability to control whats on their plate.loe initially went to school to become an engineer ，but she

27、 quickly learned that her enthusiasm was mainly about growing and preparing her own food。 “i got into cooking my own food and started growing my own herbs (香草)and foods for that fresh flavor， ”she said 。engineer by day,loe learned cooking at night school.she ultimately purchased a small piece of lan

28、d with her husband and began growing their own foods?！?i teach peop le how to live farm 。fresh without a farm ， ”loe said 。學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精11 through her website loe emphasizes that“ anybody can do this anywhere. ”got an apartment with a balcony（陽臺 )？ plant some herbs 。a window? perfect spot for growin

29、g.start with herbs,she recommends,because “theyre very forgiving。 ”just a little of the herbs “ can take your regular cooking to a whole new level，she added. “i think its a great place to start.” then？ try growing something from a seed， she said ，like a tomato or some tea.canning is a natural extens

30、ion of the planting she does.with every planted food，loe noted，theres a moment when it s bursting with its absolute peak flavor 。 “i try and keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar， ”loe said ?！癱anning for me is about knowing whats in your food， knowing where it comes from. ”in addition to being

31、more in touch with the food shes eating ，another joy comes from passing this knowledge and this desire for good food to her children ： “ influencing them and telling them your opinion on not only being careful what we eat but understanding the bigger picture,”she said, “that if we dont take care of

32、the earth ，no one will.”【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文 .theresa loe 是一個熱愛生活學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精12 的人，她用自己的方式帶領(lǐng)全家在現(xiàn)代生活中找到一條特有的自給自足的生活方式 .不僅如此，她還想用這種方式來教育自己的孩子們從小就要樹立保護地球的意識。9 the underlined word“ prerequisite” (para 。1） is closest in meaning to “”arecipe bsubstitutecrequirement dchallenge【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段第一句中的a large farm和第二

33、句可知，很多人都以為要做到自給自足就要有一個大農(nóng)場，但是在 loe 看來，大農(nóng)場并不是這種生活方式的必要條件，只要另辟蹊徑，就能找到解決問題的方法.由此可知畫線的單詞與requirement意思最接近，所以選擇c 項?！敬鸢浮縞10why does loe suggest starting with herbs？athey are used daily。bthey are easy to grow.cthey can grow very tall 。dthey can be eaten uncooked.學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精13 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)第四段中的because “ t

34、hey re very forgiving。可知， loe 建議從種植香草開始，是因為這種植物對你的要求不苛刻 ,很容易成活，所以選擇 b 項.而根據(jù)下一句話可知把香草作為調(diào)料會讓你做的飯味道大大改善,但是不能由此推斷出這種調(diào)料每天都被使用，所以不能選擇a 項。c 項和 d 項在文中沒有提及?！敬鸢浮縝11according to loe,what is the benefit of canning her planted foods？ait can preserve their best flavor 。bit can promote her online sales 。cit can be

35、tter her cooking skills.dit can improve their nutrition?！窘馕觥客评砼袛囝} .根據(jù)第五段中的“it s bursting with its absolute peak flavor 和“ keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar”可知，loe 這樣做是為了最大限度地保存食物最好的味道，與a 項中的preserve their best flavor 吻合.由此可以排除 b、c、d 三項. 【答案】a學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精14 dwhen a leafy plant is under atta

36、ck,it doesn t sit quietly.back in 1983,two scientists,jack schultz and ian baldwin,reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get 。these chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm 。what the plants

37、pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds，vocs for short.scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out vocs when being attacked 。its a plants way of crying out.but is anyone listening？apparently。because we can watch the neighbors react.some plants p

38、ump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away.but others do double duty。they pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers 。once they arrive， the tables are turned the attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch。in study after study ，it appears that

39、 these chemical conversations help the neighbors 。the damage is usually more serious on the first plant，but 學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精15 the neighbors ，relatively speaking ，stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.does this mean that plants talk to each other？scientists dont know.maybe the fir

40、st plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches,and so，in effect,was talking to itself.perhaps the neighbors just happened to “ overhear” the cry.so information was exchanged ，but it wasnt a true，intentional back and forth 。charles darwin,over 150 years ago，imagined a w

41、orld far busier，noisier and more intimate( 親密的 )than the world we can see and hear 。our senses are weak。 there s a whole lot going on?！菊Z篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了植物受到襲擊時會釋放出某種化學(xué)物質(zhì)來保護自己并“告知”附近的植物。12what does a plant do when it is under attack？ait makes noises.bit gets help from other plants 。cit stands qui

42、etly 。dit sends out certain chemicals。【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“。 .reported that young 學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精16 maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get 。these chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm. 可知，植物受到襲擊時會散發(fā)出一種特殊的氣味， 而

43、這種特殊的氣味就是某些化學(xué)物質(zhì)，故選 d 項。a、b 兩項無中生有， 文章并沒有提及制造聲響和從其他植物那兒獲取幫助的信息;c 項曲解文意,第一段中的“. 。it doesnt sit quietly.不等于“it stands quietly?！薄！敬鸢浮縟13 what does the author mean by “ the tables are turned in paragraph 3?athe attackers get attacked。bthe insects gather under the table.cthe plants get ready to fight back

44、.dthe perfumes attract natural enemies?！?解析】句意猜測題.根據(jù)第三段中的“ they pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.( 它們散發(fā)出氣味意在吸引不同的昆蟲,這些昆蟲是襲擊者的天敵) ”，以及畫線部分后的“ the attacker who was lunching now 學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精17 becomes lunch.（正在吃午餐的襲擊者現(xiàn)在就變成了午餐)可知，畫線部分的意思是襲

45、擊者受到了它的天敵的襲擊,故選 a 項。b、c 兩項無中生有，文中未提及b 項“昆蟲聚集在桌子下 、c 項“植物們準備還擊”； d 項“氣味吸引了天敵 ，文中確實提到此事，但它提到的是吸引了襲擊者的天敵?！敬鸢浮縜14scientists find from their studies that plants can apredict natural disastersbprotect themselves against insectsctalk to one another intentionallydhelp their neighbors when necessary【解析】推理判斷題

46、。根據(jù)第三段中的“some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away. ”和“ they pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers ?！笨芍?，植物能保護自己免受昆蟲的傷害，故選b 項。a 項無中生有，文中并未提及a 項“預(yù)測自然災(zāi)害”； c 項曲解文意，根據(jù)第五段最后一句可知， “植物不是在彼此故意交談;d項中的 when necessary 與文意不符。學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專

47、精18 【答案】b15what can we infer from the last paragraph？athe world is changing faster than ever。bpeople have stronger senses than before.cthe world is more complex than it seems.dpeople in darwin s time were more imaginative ?！窘馕觥客评砼袛囝}。根據(jù)最后一段可知，達爾文設(shè)想了一個遠比現(xiàn)實世界更繁忙、更喧囂和更親密的世界，而我們的感官卻非常弱,我們還有很長的路要走。 由此可知 ,

48、世界似乎比它看上去的樣子更復(fù)雜，故選 c 項。a 項無中生有，最后一段并沒有提及世界變化快慢的信息;b 項顛倒是非，最后一段說人們的感官很弱，而b 項“人們有比以前更強的感官” ,兩者正好相反； d 項偷換概念 ,文章只是說“達爾文設(shè)想” ,并沒有說達爾文時期的人們想象力更加豐富.【答案】c.閱讀七選五 (共 5小題；每小題 2 分，滿分 10分）how to make someone feel good about bad gradesacknowledge that the subject might have been difficult for them。學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精19

49、 16 sometimes it s also good to slightly point out a different area or subject that you have trouble with, just to assure them that they arent the only ones struggling with something.17 help them on any questions they are confused with, and if they still don t get it, talk it over with them ！ ask th

50、em if they would like some extra help with that specific part。getting extra help is a good idea if they are struggling with something others in the class are understanding。encourage them to communicate 。18 encourage the student to talk to their teacher about what the teacher isnt doing well or what

51、they could do to do better.be supportive.nobody likes getting bad grades，especially if they felt that they honestly did work really hard。19 let them know that it isnt the end for them. they still have a lot of opportunities to achieve。give them words of courage and express the importance of attitude

52、。20 you should let them know that if they want to succeed they will need to hang on to their patience and determination。patience and determination should not conflict with each other。 most of successful 學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精20 people were driven by the determination to succeed in their soul。akeep track of y

53、our grades.beverybody has strengths and weaknesses。csometimes, teachers have no idea whether or not a teaching method is successful 。dbad grades wont bring you a bad future， but a bad attitude will do。e ask them what specific part of the course or test they have trouble on.fthis will improve your br

54、ainpower and you will be able to memorize more information at school.glet them know that you re there to help them if they need it and that youre su re they ll do better next time.【答案】1620 becgd。完形填空（共20小題；每小題 1.5分，滿分 30分)hidden passengers traveling in ships，trains，or even cars can be a terrible tro

55、ubleespecially when they are insects 。as for this,there is a great 21 between human beings and insects.the former 22 學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精21 every possible effort to avoid being discovered ， while the latter quickly 23 attention to themselves 。we can only show mercy to the 24 man who had to stop his car soo

56、n after 25 from a country village to drive to london.hearing a strange noise from the 26 of the car，he naturally got out to 27 the wheels carefully ，but he found nothing wrong，so he 28 his way.again the noise began 29 and became even louder。quickly 30 his head ，the man saw what appeared to be a grea

57、t 31 cloud following the car.when he stopped at a village further on，he was told that a queen bee must be hidden in his car as there were thousands of bees 32 on learning this ， the man drove away as quickly as possible。 after an hours 33 driving，he arrived safely in london ，where he parked his car

58、outside a 34 and went in.it was not long 35 a customer who had seen him arrive 36 in to inform him that his car was 37 with bees.the poor driver was 38 that the best way should be to call a 39 in a short time the man arrived 。he found the unwelcome passenger 學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精22 hidden near the wheels at

59、 the back of the car。very thankful to the driver for this 40 gift,the bee.keeper took the queen and her thousands of followers home in a large box.【語篇解讀】旅途中的船、火車甚至是汽車上的藏匿者會是個大麻煩，尤其是昆蟲的時候.本文講了一個從鄉(xiāng)村驅(qū)車去往倫敦的人，車上藏了一只蜂王繼而被一群蜜蜂追隨一路，到達倫敦后找到一位養(yǎng)蜂人才解決了這一問題。21a。connection bdifferenceccommunication dsimilarity【解

60、析】后文的語境告訴我們，這里應(yīng)該選difference, 因為人會盡力躲藏 ,以免被人發(fā)現(xiàn)，而昆蟲卻恰恰相反?！敬鸢浮縝22a.do btakecmake dtry【解析】make every possible effort 是固定短語， 意思是“盡一切努力”，相當于try ones best ?！敬鸢浮縞23a.give bkeep學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精23 cpay ddraw【解析】draw attention to sb. 是一個常見的搭配，意思是“引起某人注意”.former意思是“前者”， latter意思是“后者”?！敬鸢浮縟24a.unfortunate bcareless