2017屆高考英語重點詞匯、詞組辨析(共20頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上高中英語重點詞匯、詞組辨析1. above all, after all, at all, in allabove all表示“最重要，首先”，常置于句首或句中，作插入語，起強調(diào)作用。Above all, we have won the game.after all表示“畢竟，終究，終歸，到底”，在句中位置較靈活。Jessica has turned out to be a nice girl after all.at all表示“根本”。I dont like Mexican food at all.in all表示“總共”，既可放在句首，也可放在句末。We hav

2、e learned 2500 English words in all.2. accept, receiveaccept表示“接受”的意思，是有意識的。Ive received a gift from him, but Im not going to accept it.receive表示“收到”的意思，是無意識的。Did you receive any letters today?3. add, add to, add.to, add up toadd表示“增加，添加，計算總和，補充說”。If the water is too cold, add some more hot water.ad

3、d to表示“增添，增加，增進”。The heavy snow added to our difficulties.add.to表示“把加到”。Add ten to forty, and you will get fifty.add up to表示“合計達到”，該短語不用于被動語態(tài)。All his school education added up to no more than one year.4. admit sb./sth. to., admit of, admit toadmit sb./sth. to表示“允許某人或某物進入某處”。This visa will admit you

4、to that country.admit of表示“容許有，有可能，容有余地”。The facts admit of no other explanationadmit to表示“承認(rèn)”。She admitted to stealing the keys.5. agree on, agree to, agree with, agree thatagree on表示“就取得一致意見”。We couldnt agree on what to buy.agree to有兩層含義和用法：(1)to作為動詞不定式符號，其后面跟動詞原形，表示“同意做某事”。They agreed to meet on

5、Sunday.(2)to作為介詞，之后跟表示計劃、條件、建議等一類的名詞或代詞。The manager has agreed to our plan.agree with表示“同意某人意見”，其后可跟表示人的名詞或代詞。We didnt agree with what she said at the meeting.agree that表示“認(rèn)為”，其后跟賓語從句。We agreed that they would deliver the sofa in the morning.6. alone, lonelyalone = by oneself, without others表示“獨自一人”

6、，可作表語和賓補。He went to the separate island all alone.lonely表示“孤獨，寂寞”，主觀上渴望有伴。若指地方，則表示“人跡罕至的，荒涼的，偏僻的”，可作定語或表語。The old man was alone in the house on the top of the hill, but he didnt feel lonely.7. a number of, the number ofa number of表示“許多”，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。A number of visitors pay a visit to the museum every da

7、y.the number of表示“的數(shù)目”，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。The number of pandas is increasing.8. arrive, get, reacharrive表示“達到，抵達”，不及物動詞，后接in (大地點)，at (小地點)。When will you arrive in London, Mr. Wallace?get表示“到達，抵達”，不及物動詞，后接to。When we got to the airport, the flight had taken off.reach表示“到達，抵達”，及物動詞。His letter reached me this mor

8、ning.9. at the age of, by the age ofat the age of表示“在歲時”。She published a book at the age of ten.by the age of表示“到歲的時候，在歲以前”。By the age of sixteen, he had won ten gold metals.10. at the beginning, in the beginningat the beginning表示“在，在初開始的時候”，常與of連用。All of us should be careful with our work at the be

9、ginning of term.in the beginning表示“起初，首先”，相當(dāng)于at first。In the beginning, some of us took no interest in this game.11. ashamed, shamefulashamed表示“感到羞恥，覺得慚愧，不好意思”，指主觀認(rèn)為是可恥的。He was ashamed of losing his wifes necklace the other day.shameful表示“不可饒恕，可恥”，指事物本身的客觀性質(zhì)是可恥的。To steal money from a blind person is

10、 a shameful act.12. be anxious to, be anxious for, be anxious aboutbe anxious to表示“急于，渴望”，其中to是不定式符號，后面接動詞原形。We are anxious to know the result of the examination.be anxious for表示“渴望”，后面接名詞或代詞時，強調(diào)渴望得到某物或渴望了解某事。The young lady was anxious for a diamond necklace.be anxious about表示“對感到不安，為擔(dān)心，為憂慮”。She was

11、 anxious about her lost son.13. believe, believe inbelieve表示“相信(事物的真實性，人的誠實)”。I dont believe you.believe in表示“信奉，信仰，信任”。We believe in him.14. be made of, be made from, be made in, be made by, be made up ofbe made of表示“由制成”，指從原料到制成品，強調(diào)形狀變化，并無本質(zhì)變化(屬物理變化)。This table is made of wood.be made from表示“由制成”，

12、指從原料到制成品，強調(diào)質(zhì)的變化，并已無法復(fù)原(屬化學(xué)變化)。Paper is made from wood.be made in表示“某物何時制造的”或“何地產(chǎn)的”。This bike was made in Shanghai.be made by表示“由制做”，后面接指人的名詞或代詞，強調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行者。The kite was made by my brother.be made up of表示“由構(gòu)成(組成)”。The football team is made up of 12 members.15. be pleased with, be pleased at/about, be pl

13、eased tobe pleased with表示“對滿意，喜歡”，后面通常接指人的名詞或代詞。The president was pleased with all of his men in his company.be pleased at/about表示“對看到或聽到的事感到高興”，后面接指事的名詞或v-ing。I am pleased at seeing so many students present.be pleased to表示“很高興或很樂意做某事”，其中to是不定式符號，后面接動詞原形。My boss must be pleased to see you again in M

14、oscow.16. be tired of, be tired withbe tired of表示“對某事感到厭煩，厭倦”。Im tired of standing in the wind, doing nothing.be tired with表示“因為而累了”。She is tired with running a long time.17. besides, except, except forbesides表示“除了(包括在內(nèi))”。Besides chocolate and fruit juice, we need bread and eggs.except表示“除了(不包括在內(nèi))”。

15、Every one of us, except him, went to the theatre for The Twelfth Night.except for表示“整體除了某一點以外”。The essay is good except for a few mistakes.18. be sure to do, be sure of doingbe sure to do表示“一定的；必定的”，主語可為sb.或sth.。We are sure to benefit from the new production.be sure of doing表示“確信的；肯定的”，主語只能為sb.。He i

16、s sure of offering you his help.19. big, huge, large, vastbig表示“尺度、重量、容積等大”。Our room is bigger than theirs.huge表示“體積大(還可指超越一定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的大)”。That little boy was given a huge piece of cake.large表示“面積大，范圍大，數(shù)目大”。Police discovered a large quantity of drugs in the van.vast表示“范圍、地域大、巨大的”。(也可指數(shù)目巨大的)There are vast f

17、orest areas along the Amazon River.20. best, hit, strikebeat表示“連續(xù)性地?fù)舸颉薄?指無規(guī)律的擊打)The rain beat against the windows.hit表示“打中，對準(zhǔn)打”。He hit me with his hand.strike表示“重?fù)簟⒋蛞幌禄蛉舾上隆薄?指有規(guī)律的撞擊)The clock struck 12 when we arrived the church.21. blow down, blow off, blow outblow down表示“吹倒，刮倒”。The strong winds ye

18、sterday blew down thousands of trees.blow off表示“吹掉，炸掉，發(fā)泄”。A gust of wind blew off all the papers on the table.blow out表示“吹熄，使熄滅”。Emma blew out the candle.22. break away from, break down, break into, break out,break away from表示“脫離，擺脫”。Some members broke away to form a new political party.break down表示

19、“(機器等)出毛病、出故障”。My car broke down on the way to work yesterday.break into表示“破門而入”。The office has been broken into twice since Christmas.break out表示“(火災(zāi)、戰(zhàn)爭、疾病、打斗)突然爆發(fā)”。A fight broke out among the crowd.23. bring in, bring on, bring outbring in表示“引來，引進，吸收”。The new film has brought in millions of dollar

20、s.bring on表示“使發(fā)生，引起”。Headaches are often brought on by stress.bring out表示“取出，說出，闡明，出版, 推出、生產(chǎn)出”。They have just brought out a new, smaller phone.24. care, care about, care for, care tocare表示“在意，關(guān)心，顧慮，照顧，喜愛”，但其后通常接從句。I dont care where you have been.care about表示“關(guān)心，計較，在乎”，一般用于否定句。He cares deeply about t

21、he environment.care for表示“關(guān)心，照料，喜歡，愿意”，一般用于肯定句或疑問句。Who will care for your children when you are away?care to表示“愿意，欲望”，后接動詞原形。Would you care to join us for dinner?25. carry away, carry off, carry on, carry outcarry away表示“使傾倒，使激動得失去控制”。The music carried him away.carry off表示“叼走，奪走”。He carried off thre

22、e gold medals in the Olympics.carry on表示“繼續(xù)進行”。The doctors have warned him but he just carried on drinking.carry out表示“實施，遵守”。He carried out his promise to give up smoking.26. 與come相關(guān)的詞組辨析come about表示“發(fā)生”。How did it come about?come across表示“偶遇，碰到(=come upon)”。Weve just come across an old friend we h

23、avent seen for e along表示“進展，進步，進行”。Hows your work coming along?come around表示“拜訪，改變觀點，同意(原來反對的)觀點(或計劃)，發(fā)生、恢復(fù)知覺”。Im sure shell come around to our view e down表示“傳遞，傳給”。The song comes down to us from the 20th e into表示“開始，進入”。A small town came into sight as we turned the

24、last e out表示“(照片上)顯露，結(jié)果是”。The stars came out as soon as darkness e round表示“恢復(fù)知覺，蘇醒過來”。Leave him alone and hell soon come e to表示“涉及，談及”。When it comes to business I know e up表示“走進，接近，抬頭，上來，上升”。The issue of security came up at the meeting e up with表示“想

25、出(計劃、回答)，作出(反應(yīng))，產(chǎn)生”。He couldnt come up with a good scheme to make money.27. compare.to, compare.withcompare.to表示“把比作”，著重注意兩者間的相似點。This essay compares our country to a big pare.with表示“把與相比”，側(cè)重指兩者間的區(qū)別。Compare this story with that one, and you will find the differences between them.28. consid

26、er.as, consider doing, consider.to beconsider.as表示“把(某人)看作”。Today, Abraham Lincoln is considered as one of the greatest of all American presidents.consider doing表示“考慮做某事”。Have you considered having a jog in the morning?consider.to be表示“把看作是”。The people had considered him to be a great leader.29. cro

27、ss, across, crossingcross作動詞用時，表示“橫過”。They are crossing the river.across可作介詞或副詞，表示“橫穿，橫過”。The Bank of China is across the street.crossing表示“橫穿，交叉，十字路口，人行橫道”。Those children are standing at a crossing waiting for their school bus.30.cut down, cut in, cut off, cut up, cut throughcut down表示“砍倒，(疾病等)奪去生命

28、”。That old man has cut this tree down.cut in表示“插嘴，插入”。Dont cut in when they have a talk.cut off表示“切斷”。Many towns had their water supply cut off because there was no electricity.cut up表示“切割開來，切碎，使難過”。I am cutting the wood up.cut through表示“剪斷，鑿穿”。The army was called in to cut through fallen trees and

29、to help clear the roads and paths.31. damage, destroy, ruindamage表示“損壞，破壞”，毀壞的程度通常是可以修補的。The earthquake damaged several buildings.destroy表示“破壞，摧毀，消滅，毀滅”，毀壞的程度是不能修補的。The big fire destroyed the whole building.ruin表示“毀滅”，把某物損壞到了不能再使用的程度。The storm has ruined all the crops here.32. discover, find, find o

30、ut, invent,discover表示“發(fā)現(xiàn)”，指偶然或經(jīng)過努力發(fā)現(xiàn)原來客觀存在但不為人所知的事物。Columbus discovered America in 1492.find表示“找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)”，著重指找到的結(jié)果。They finally found a way to solve the problem.find out表示“找出，發(fā)現(xiàn)，查明(真相等)”，指經(jīng)過研究或詢問查明某事或真相。Please find out when the ship sails for Sydney.invent表示“發(fā)明”，指通過勞動運用聰明才智發(fā)明(創(chuàng)造)出以前從未存在過的新事物。Who invente

31、d the computer?33. decide, determinedecide表示經(jīng)過考慮或討論研究做出決定。Our boss decided not to go to Egypt by ship.determine表示決心已下，任何力量都動搖不了。I determined to give him a chance.34. die away, die down, die outdie away表示“(聲音，怒火等)漸漸消失”。His anger died away. (He was not angry.)die down表示“(聲音，怒火等)逐漸減小”。His anger died do

32、wn a little bit. (He was still angry.)die out表示“(物種等)滅絕，不復(fù)存在”。Many living things are facing the danger of dying out.35. everyday, every dayeveryday表示“日常的，通常的；每天的”，用作形容詞。Computers are now part of everyday life.every day表示“每天”，用作副詞。This problem we should face every day.36. fall down, fall into, fall o

33、ff, fall onto,fall down表示“(人)跌倒，摔倒，絆倒”，用作不及物動詞。The old lady fell down in the street and broke her leg.fall into表示“掉到里，陷入(困難)”。A car fell into the river while it is speeding on the bridge.fall off表示“從上落下，掉下，摔下”，用作及物動詞。The boy fell off a tree and broke the arm.fall onto表示“掉到上”。The books fell off the d

34、esk onto the ground.37. feed.on, feed.tofeed.on表示“用喂”，feed后接表示人或動物的詞。(強調(diào)以為主食)I feed the dog on meat.feed.to表示“將喂給”，feed后跟表示食物的詞(強調(diào)“提供”)。What did you feed to the baby just now?38. fear, frightenfear表示“害怕”。He was shaking with fear.frighten表示“使害怕，使吃驚”。Does the spider frighten you?39. finally, at last,

35、in the endfinally表示“最后”，指某一動作發(fā)生的順序是在最后。She finally agreed with me.at last表示“終于”，指經(jīng)過一番曲折或努力之后某事才發(fā)生，強調(diào)其結(jié)果。After a lot of difficulties, he succeeded at last.in the end表示“最后”，指經(jīng)過若干周折或努力而最后發(fā)生了某事。We did experiment after experiment, and in the end we succeed.40. feel ones way, fight ones way, find ones way

36、feel ones way表示“摸索著探路”。The blind man felt his way with the stick.fight ones way表示“掙扎著前進”。All of us fought our way out of the crowd.find ones way表示“找到路”。How did your dog find its way here?41. fit, be fit for, be fit tofit表示“適合，合身”，主要指大小適合。Your clothes fit well.be fit for表示“適合，能勝任”，for后面接名詞或-ing形式。You

37、 are fit for this position in our company.be fit to表示“適合，能勝任”，to為動詞不定式符號，因此后面只能接動詞原形。The food is not fit to eat.42. forbid doing sth., forbid sb.to do sth.forbid doing sth.表示“禁止，不許”，在無人稱賓語的情況下用動名詞作它的賓語。We forbid smoking here.forbid sb.to do sth.表示“禁止，不許”，在有人稱賓語的情況下用不定式短語作其補語。The snowstorm forbid us

38、to go out.43. forget, leaveforget表示“遺留”時，forget后只跟事物，不跟地點或場所。That old lady always forgets her key.leave表示“遺留”時，一定接地點場所。My boss left his key at home this morning.44. forget doing, forget to doforget doing表示“忘記做過某事”。He forgot turning the light off.forget to do表示“忘記要去做某事”。The light in the office is sti

39、ll on, he must have forgotten to turn it off.45. gather, collectgather表示“把分散的東西集中到一起”。Gather your toys up.collect表示“精心地、有選擇地進行收集”。He likes collecting coins and stamps.46. get in touch with, keep in touch withget in touch with表示“與取得聯(lián)絡(luò)”，表動作。I tried to get in touch with him in London, but failed.keep i

40、n touch with表示“和保持聯(lián)絡(luò)”，表狀態(tài)。Lets keep in touch with each other.47. 與get有關(guān)的詞組辨析get along with表示“與相處”。We get along very well with each other.get close to表示“接近”。Dont get close to that house.get down to表示“開始認(rèn)真做”。Once the reporters know what to write about, they get down to work.get off表示“脫下”。Jimmy got off

41、 his overcoat when he came in.get married表示“結(jié)婚”。The person getting married is a relative of my fathers.get through表示“通過，撥通(電話)”。I cant get through for the lines busy.get together表示“聚會，聯(lián)歡”。We must get together some other time for a chat.get into the habit of表示“染上習(xí)慣”。Nicotine is a drug that gets one i

42、nto the habit of smoking.48. give away, give in, give out, give up,give away表示“分發(fā)，泄露(秘密等)”。The principal gave away the prizes at the sports meet.give in表示“投降，屈服，讓步”。As neither of the two sides would give in, the agreement fell through.give out表示“用完，耗盡，體力不支”。After a long journey, the old mans strengt

43、h gave out and couldnt walk any farther.give up表示“放棄(念頭、希望等)，停止，拋棄，認(rèn)輸”。Never give up when you meet with some difficulties.49. go on to do sth., go on doing sth., go on with sth.go on to do sth.表示“接著做另一件事”，即接下去做與原來不同的一件事。After they had had their coffee, the students went on to do the exercises.go on

44、doing sth.表示“繼續(xù)不停地做某事或間斷后繼續(xù)做原來沒有做完的事”。The kids went on talking and laughing all the way.go on with sth.表示“間斷后繼續(xù)做原來沒有做完的事”，其后一般接代詞作賓語。通常情況下，go on doing sth.和go on with sth.可互換。After a rest, we went on with our lesson.(After a rest, we went on having our lesson.)50. happen, take placehappen表示“發(fā)生”，是無意識

45、的。When did the accident happen?take place表示“舉行”，是有意識的。When will the wedding take place?51. hand down, hand in, hand out, hand overhand down表示“把傳下來”。The story was handed down from one generation to another.hand in表示“把交上來，交給，遞交”。Time is up. Shall we go out for a dinner?hand out表示“散發(fā)”。The boy is handin

46、g out the paper now.hand over表示“轉(zhuǎn)交”或“移送”。Please hand over this apple to your brother.52. 與have有關(guān)的詞組辨析have a good trip表示“一路順風(fēng)”。Good luck. Have a good trip.have a talk with表示“與談話”。Alice is having a talk with her tutor about her course.have a seat表示“坐下”。Come in and have a seat please.have a word with表示

47、“和說句話”。Could I have a word with you?have.on表示“戴著，穿著”。Having a black hat on, Chaplin carried a stick, which he used to swing in the air.have sports表示“進行體育活動”。Do you often have sports at school?53. have sb. do sth., have sb./sth. doing sth., have sth. donehave sb. do sth.表示“使(讓、請)某人做某事”。The shopkeeper

48、 had the boy do this and that all the time.have sb./sth. doing sth.表示“讓某人(某事)一直做某事”。The two cheats had their lights burning all night long.have sth. done表示“(有意地)讓他人為自己做某事”。Adam will have a new suit made of this cloth.54. hear, hear from, hear ofhear表示“聽見，聽到”，后面接名詞、代詞或賓語從句。Can you hear some birds sin

49、ging?hear from表示“收到來信，收到來電”，后面接指人的名詞或代詞。She hasnt heard from her brother for a month.hear of表示“聽人說起，聽說過，側(cè)重于間接聽說。Ive never heard of him.55. help sb. do sth., help sb. to do sth.二者均表示“幫助某人做某事”。help sb. do sth.表示主語直接參與賓補的動作。He helped me clean the table.help sb. to do sth.表示不直接參與賓補的動作。The dictionary wil

50、l help you to learn English better.56. in place of, in the place ofin place of表示“代替”。He will come in place of me tomorrow.in the place of表示“在地方”。A new stadium is built in the place of the old one.57. in order to, in order thatin order to表示“為了”，既可放在句首又可放在句末未來引導(dǎo)不定式短語。In order to keep the insects out s

51、he shut the window.in order that表示“為了”，只能放在主句之后連接從句。She shut the window in order that she might keep the insects out.58. in charge of, in the charge ofin charge of表示“管理，負(fù)責(zé)照料”。Mr. Wallace is in charge of the company.in the charge of表示“由照料”。The firm is in the charge of her uncle.59. insist on, stick t

52、oinsist on表示“堅持要求”，后常接doing。The office boy insisted on his coming with us.stick to表示“堅持”，后常接sth.。He is the man who always sticks to his words.60. in surprise, to ones surprise, by surprisein surprise表示“驚奇地”。When he saw me, he was in surprise.to ones surprise表示“使某人吃驚的是”。To my surprise, Tom didnt pass

53、 his driving test.by surprise表示“使驚慌”。The question took him by surprise.61. just, just nowjust表示“剛，剛剛”，多與完成時態(tài)連用。Theyve just arrived at the airport.just now表示“剛才”，強調(diào)過去的動作，所以與一般過去時態(tài)連用。She ate a big apple just now.62. 與keep有關(guān)的詞組辨析keep back表示“阻止，阻擋”。The police tried to keep the crowd back from the accide

54、nt scene.keep off表示“避開，不接近”。Keep off the grass!keep on表示“繼續(xù)，保持”。He just kept on writing.keep in touch with表示“與保持聯(lián)系”。Although many families became separated, people still kept in touch with each other.keep out表示“關(guān)在門外，不準(zhǔn)入內(nèi)”。This coat keeps out the wind.keep out of表示“躲開，置身于之外”。Do you try to keep out of

55、 trouble!keep up表示“保持”。Keep up your spirits!63. keep doing sth., keep on doing sth.keep doing sth.強調(diào)繼續(xù)做某事。He kept swimming in the river when the others got on the bank.keep on doing sth.強調(diào)重復(fù)，一再做某事。They kept on doing things even though I told them not to do.64. knock at/on, knock down, o, kn

56、ock into, knock at/on表示“輕輕而有節(jié)奏地敲”。它常用來表示“敲門/窗”等。Who is knocking at the door?Dont knock on the window.knock down表示“撞倒，打倒”。Be careful with the standing fans. Dont knock them o表示“把插/撞/敲/打入中”。They knocked a stick into the earth.knock into表示“撞在上”。Look out! Dont knock into other cars.65. lately, recentlylately表示“最近”，