關系副詞和“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句教案

1、關系副詞和“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句適用學科英語適用年級高三適用區(qū)域全國課時時長（分鐘）60分鐘知識點關系副詞的基本用法；“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句教學目標能夠正確分析從句結(jié)構(gòu)；掌握關系副詞的基本用法教學重點掌握when, where, why的用法，能夠正確判斷從句所缺成分教學難點Where表示地點的模糊化；“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句教學過程一、 課堂導入給出定語從句，分析主句和從句：Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why (for which) he

2、 refused our offer?這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎？二、復習預習把兩個單句改成定語從句：The days are gone. During those days we used “foreign oil” The days when we used “foreign oil” are gone. I still remember the day. On that day the old scientist took us to the physics lab for the first time. I still remember the day when the old s

3、cientist took us to the physics lab for the first time.三、知識講解知識點1： 關系副詞的作用。關系副詞在從句中的成分所指代的先行詞省略when 狀語表時間的名詞不可省略where狀語表地點的名詞why狀語reason知識點2：when的用法：when表示時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語，其先行詞一般為表示時間的名詞。October 1st, 1949 was the day when the People's Republic of China was founded.1949年10月1日是中華人民共和國成立的日子。知識點3：wher

4、e的用法：1.【考查點】where表示地點，在定語從句中作地點狀語，其先行詞一般為表示地點的名詞。Is there a shop around where we can get fruit?附近有沒有我們能買到水果的地方？2.【考查點】where表示地點的模糊化高考試題中對于where的考查趨于復雜。在定語從句中對先行詞的考查從明顯的"地點"轉(zhuǎn)化為"地點模糊化",這無疑增加了考生的解題難度,所以有必要對where考點進行辨析。We are in a situation where everybody feels disappointedI have re

5、ached a point in my life _ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.    A. which            B. where            C. how         &#

6、160;  D. why   此題選B。本題考查定語從句，where在定語從句中作狀語，表示模糊地點，修飾先行詞a point。整個句子可分解為：I have reached a point in my life；At the point I am supposed to make decisions of my own.知識點4：why的用法：why表示原因，在定語從句中作原因狀語，其先行詞一般為reason。The reason why she told a lie is unknown.她為什么撒謊還不清楚。知識點5：.“介詞關系代詞”的用法1.【

7、考查點】用法 關系代詞whom，which在定語從句中作介詞的賓語時，可以跟介詞一起放在主句和從句之間；為了使關系代詞緊跟它所修飾的先行詞，也可以把介詞放在從句中有關動詞的后面。This is the room in which we lived last year.This is the room which we lived in last year.2.【考查點】注意事項 定語從句中“介詞關系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中的關系代詞是which(指物)，whom(指人)。掌握這個結(jié)構(gòu)的關鍵在于對介詞的正確選擇，要注意以下幾個問題：(1)介詞與定語從句中的動詞是一種習慣性搭配。This is the roo

8、m in which we lived last year.This is the room which we lived in last year.這就是我們?nèi)ツ曜∵^的房間。(2) 介詞與定語從句中的形容詞一起構(gòu)成一種習慣性搭配。The two things about which Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.The two things which Marx was not sure about were the grammar and some of the idioms of

9、English.馬克思在語法和英語的某些習慣用語這兩方面還是沒有把握。(3)介詞和定語從句的先行詞是一種習慣性搭配。The pen with which he was writing broke.The pen which he was writing with broke.他寫字用的那支鋼筆壞了。(4)表示“整體中的部分”或“所有關系”時，用介詞of。He has three uncles，all of whom are doctors.他有三個叔叔，他們?nèi)际谴蠓?。?)“介詞關系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中的關系代詞不能用that，但當把介詞放在從句有關動詞后面時，關系代詞可用that，也可省略。The

10、 room (that/which) she lives in is a large one.她住的是一個大房間。(6)含有介詞的短語動詞一般不拆開，介詞仍放在動詞的后面，因此不能使用“介詞關系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。Is this the watch which he was looking for？(不能說：Is this the watch for which he was looking？)這是他正在找的那塊手表嗎？3.【考查點】關系副詞與“介詞關系代詞”的轉(zhuǎn)化whenat/in/duringwhich；wherein/atwhich；whyfor which This was a time wh

11、en (during which) there were still slaves in the USA.那是一個美國還存在奴隸的時代。 Is this the house where(in which) he was born?這就是他出生時的那所房子嗎？ I don't know the reason why(for which)he said that.我不明白他說那事的原因。四、例題精析【例題1】Students should involve themselves in community activities _ they can gain experience for gr

12、owth.Awho Bwhen Cwhich Dwhere【答案】D 【解析】本題考查定語從句中關系副詞的使用。句意：學生應該使他們自己參與到團體活動中來，在這些活動中他們可以獲得成長經(jīng)驗。【例題2】 I am looking forward to the day _ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her. A. as B. why C. when D. where【答案】C【解析】本題考查定語從句中關系副詞的使用。句意：我一直期待著我的女兒能讀懂這本書，能明白我對她的感情的那一天?！纠}3】 The book

13、has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work _ a good impression is a must.Awhich Bwhen Cas Dwhere【答案】 D【解析】本題考查定語從句中關系副詞的使用。句意：這本書在我的日常交流方面給予了我很大幫助，尤其是在必須給別人留下一個好印象的工作中。五、課堂運用【基礎】1I didn't become a serious climber until the fifth grade，_ I went up to rescue a kite that wa

14、s stuck in the branches of a tree.Awhen Bwhere Cwhich Dwhy【答案】A【解析】本題考查定語從句中關系副詞的使用。句意：我直到五年級才成為一個真正的攀登者，那一年我爬上了樹枝去夠一只被卡的風箏。2Care of the soul is a gradual process _ even the small details of life should be considered.Awhat B. in what Cwhich Din which【答案】D 【解析】本題考查定語從句中介詞+關系代詞的使用。句意：靈魂的洗禮是一個漸進的過程，在這個

15、過程中，生活的每一個細節(jié)都要考慮到。3In our class there are 46 students, _half wear glasses.Ain whom Bin them Cof whom Dof them【答案】C【解析】本題考查定語從句中介詞+關系代詞的使用，表所屬，應用of?！眷柟獭?Sales director is a position _ communication ability is just as important as sales skills. A. which B. that C. when D. where【答案】D【解析】本題考查定語從句的關系詞辨析。

16、5. We live in an age _ more information is available with greater ease than ever before.Awhy BwhenCto whom Don which【答案】B【解析】本題考查定語從句的關系詞辨析。6. She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _had taken more than three years.A. for whichB. with whichC. of whichD. to which 【答案】C【解析】本題考查定語從

17、句中介詞+關系代詞的使用。【拔高】7Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _ the audience can buy ice-cream.A. when B. where C. that D. which【答案】A【解析】本題考查定語從句中關系副詞的使用。8A bank is the place _ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain. A. when B. that C. where D. there【答案】C【解析】本題考查定語從句中關系副詞的使用。9Its helpful to put children in a situation _ they can see themselves differently.      A. that            B. when