學位英語復習資料1

1、學位英語 復習指導 必過第一部分補充資料(詞組短語)1詞匯的測試重點1） 近義詞和近形詞A近義詞：指意義相近，考生容易混淆的詞。著重考查考生對詞義的切理解。B近形詞：指雖然詞義不同但是在詞的拼寫、讀音等詞形方面有一定的相似之處。這類試題著重考查考生對詞匯記憶的準確與熟練程度。2） 動詞短語這一類考題包括及物動詞的副詞，及物動詞和介詞構成的短語。它既考查考生對這些短語的構成和意義和掌握，而且考查它們的用法。3） 介詞短語這類考題在考查考生對介詞意義和掌握的同時，考查考生對不同介詞與其賓語的固定搭配及用法的掌握情況。例如：介詞帶名詞、動名詞、從句、疑問句及不定式等各形式的賓語；介詞短語做定語、表語

2、、狀語、賓語補足語等等。4） 習慣搭配這類試題考查名詞、形容詞、動詞、介詞的各種其他固定用法，包括一些習語與成語的構成及意義，在測試中占有相當大的比例。2語法的測試重點1） 謂語動詞主要測試英語中的各種時態(tài)、語態(tài)以及主謂一致等。2） 虛擬語氣主要測試各種虛擬語氣用法，其中關鍵是主句的進態(tài)和與之相應的條件狀語從句中的時態(tài)。3） 連詞的用法 主要測試不同類型連詞的用法及其引導的各種狀語從句4） 非謂語動詞主要測試動詞不定式、動名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、和過去分詞各自的用法。其中重點是測試非謂語動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。5） 各種從句主要測試定語從句和名詞性從句。6） It句型主要測試“It”的不同用法，重點測試“I

3、t”作為形式主語、形式賓語、和用于強調結構的用法。動詞和短語1. Abide by遵守，承擔11. approve 贊成,批準19. beat(in)戰(zhàn)勝2. account for解釋,說明可作及物動詞win 贏得 為某事負責,共計達approve of 贊成3. accuse sb. of指控某人做某事12. argue20. be absorbed in 專心于charge with指控argue about 論爭immersed in 沉浸于blame for指責argue against/for 贊成/反對indulged in 沉溺于Sentence判決argue into doi

4、ng 說服某人做某事interested in 感興趣于4. act13. arise from 由引起21. be acquainted with 熟悉act as充當result from 由引起22. be ashamed of 為羞愧act on按行事derive from 起源于23. be bound to 一定act14. askbe destined to 注定act for 代理ask about sb. 問候某人be doomed to 注定5. adaptto 適應ask for 請求見到be determined to 決心要 adjust to 調整ask after

5、 sb. 問候某人be apt to 易于 be accustomed to 習慣于15.associtewith 聯(lián)想到一起be inclined to 傾向于 be used to 習慣于connect 聯(lián)結起來24. be build up of 由制成6. addjoin 參與 be made up of 由組成 add to 增加link 聯(lián)結 consist of/in 構成/在于 add up to 總計為16. attach to 使附屬于25.be supposed to 本應該7. adhere to 堅持17. attend 到場,出席26. bear in mind 牢

6、記8. allowattend on sb. 服侍27. back up 支持 allow for 把某事考慮進來attend to 照顧,辦理28. believe in 相信 allow of 允許(多用于否定)18. attribute to 歸因于29. benefit from 獲益于9. appealowe to 歸因于30.blow away 刮走appeal to 呼吁,請求ascribe to 歸因于 blow down 吹倒 appeal for 請求支援contribute to 貢獻于 blow off 吹掉10. apply blow out 吹滅apply for

7、申請 blow up 爆炸 applyto 將用于 blow over 平息風暴,爭吵31. break away with 脫離,逃跑35.call at停放，拜訪某地 break oneself of sth. 改掉本人的 call for, call for Mary要求，需要 break the news to 泄露消息給 call forth引起 break into tears 突然大哭 call in來訪 break into a quarrel 突然大吵 call off取消 break into qieces 摔得粉碎 call on拜訪 break into sbs hou

8、se 闖入某人家 call up打電話 break off/break out 斷絕關系,結束/爆發(fā)36. care about看重某事，介意 break through 突破 care for喜歡，照顧，關心 break up 打碎,散會,終止 care to do sth喜歡，要32. bring about實現(xiàn)，使發(fā)生 37.carry away拿走 bring it along with sb隨身攜帶 carry forward推進，發(fā)揚 bring down降價，使（政治團體）失敗 carry on繼續(xù) bring in生產出，帶入，提出 carry through執(zhí)行，貫徹指示 b

9、ring forth使產生38.cast light on闡明 bring back帶回來，使恢復 cast a glance at瞥一眼 bring out說明，表現(xiàn)出，出版39. catch at 抓?。ㄒ桓K子/機會） bring up撫養(yǎng)，提出，嘔吐 catch hold of抓住33.burn down燒毀 catch a glimpse of瞥見了 burn up燒毀 catch sight of看到了34. buy in大批買進某物 catch onto理解，明白 buy out買下全部股份 catch ones breath歇口氣 buy sth. for cash現(xiàn)金購買 c

10、atch up with追趕上 buy sth. on credit賒購 come up with提出 keep up with保持 put up with容忍40. change改變48.cover up掩蓋，掩飾change ones mind改變主意49. cut across抄近路穿過，對直通過change sth with sb與某人交換某物cut back削減，急忙返回change sht for sth. 用某物換某物cut down削減，減少change into用某物換某物cut in插嘴，打斷，超車41. charge轉變成了，換上衣服cut off切斷，阻斷charge

11、sb for充電，指控cut out割去，刪去He will charge himself with that50. deal with對付，處理，論述42.check in/out /up入住/離店/核對51. devote to致力于43. cheer up高興起來dedicate to獻給clear away清掃干凈，天放晴52. die down變弱，逐漸消失44. clear打掃die out消失，滅絕clear away 清除掉die of死于clear up清掃干凈53. dispose of去掉，銷毀，處理clear out 清除出去，走開54. do away with廢除，

12、去掉45. come do without沒有也行，將就come about清除出去，走開have nothing to do with與沒有關系come across偶然碰到do good/harm to對有利/有害come around /round醒轉過來do ones best盡最大努力come into effect/operation生效/開始運行55.draw in（火車、汽車）進站come off發(fā)生，舉行，脫落 draw on臨近，運用，利用come on到來，快點兒，進步draw up起草，制訂，使停住come out出現(xiàn)，顯露，出版，發(fā)表，結果56. drop by/in

13、順便訪問come through活下來，成功 drop off讓下車，睡著，下降come to 蘇醒，總計為 drop out退出，退學，離開come up to 比得上，符合57. be engaged in從事于46. convince sb of 使某人確信 be engaged to和訂婚47. count on/count up指望/總計58. enjoy oneself玩得快樂59. experiment on 做實驗70. give away贈送，泄露60. expose sth to 將某物暴露于 give back送還61. face up to正視，面對 give in認輸

14、，放出，分發(fā)，用完62. fail in在某方面失敗 give off 散發(fā)出（氣體） fail to do未能做某事 give out 發(fā)出，放出，分發(fā)，用完63. fall落下，跌倒，下降，減弱 give rise to導致，引起 fall back on求助于，轉而依靠 give up放棄 fall behind落后give way to讓路給，讓位于，被替代 fall in with與一致，符合，支持71. go after追求，設法得到 fall through失敗，落空 go ahead開始，進行 fall out with與反目 go along with贊同，支持64. fee

15、l for摸索，尋找 go around/round流傳，足夠分配 feel like意欲，想要 go by 時間過去，遵守65. figure out算出，推測出 go down 下降，減少，被接受 work out算出，制訂出，解出 go for 支拿，襲擊，目的在于 make out分辨出 go in for喜歡，致力于，從事66. full in out 填寫表格 go into 詳述,調查,研究,從事67.find out 查明,發(fā)現(xiàn) go off 不再喜歡,爆炸,成功進行68. gain access to 獲得 go out 熄滅,停止運轉,過時69. get/put acros

16、s 解釋清楚 go over 仔細查看,檢查 get along(with) 與相處 to through 檢查,經歷,遭遇 get at 到達,知道,領會,意思指 go up 上升,被炸毀 get away 走開,離開,逃脫 go without 不享受,沒有也無妨 get by 通過,過得去,過活 go wrong 出毛病 get down 從下來,寫下72. hand get down to sth. 開始,著手做 hand down 偉下來,偉給 get in 進入,參加,收獲,收回,插嘴 hand in 上交 get by heart 記住,背誦 hand out 分發(fā) get of

17、f 下車,動身離開 hand over 移交,交付給 get out of 逃避,改掉73. hang about/around 閑蕩,逗留 get over 克服掉 hang on 等待片刻,抓緊不放 get rid of 擺脫 hang up 掛起來,掛斷電話 get the best of 從中得到最大益處74. head for 向走去,駛向 get the better of 占據(jù)上風,勝過75. help oneself to 自取所需 get through 通過,完成,接通電話,花光錢76. hold back 阻止前進,忍住,抑制 get to 到達,觸及 hold on 所

18、至住不放,等一會兒 hold onto 緊緊抓住 hold out 伸出,堅持要求,不屈 hold up 舉起,耽擱77. impose on 強人所難,欺騙84. lie in 在于78. keep an eye on 留意照看85. line up 使排成行,排隊 keep back 隱瞞,保留,阻止86. live keep down 限制,控制,降低 live on (靠某人 某事)生活 keep off 使不接近,避開 live through 度過,經受過 keep on 繼續(xù),反復地做 live up to 遵守,不辜負期望 keep to 遵守,信守,堅持87. look af

19、ter 照料,管理,關心 stick to 堅持 look at 看 adhere to 堅持 look back 回顧,回頭看79. knock down 打倒,擊倒 look down upon 看不起 knock out 打昏,擊昏 look for 尋找80. lay 置放,鋪,設置,布置 look forward to 期待著 lay aside 放在一邊,儲蓄 look in 順道訪問 set aside 儲蓄 look into 調查,觀察 put aside 儲蓄 look on 參觀 lay down 放下,規(guī)定,制訂 look out 注意,留神 lay out 安排,布置

20、,設計 look over 把看一遍,溫習,查看 lay off 下崗,辭退 look through 游覽,通讀81. leave look up to 尊敬,敬仰 leave alone 聽其自然,別管88. lose heart 失去信心 leave behind 忘了帶,留下lose ones head 不知所措 leave for 動身前往lose ones temper 發(fā)脾氣 leave off 停止,中斷l(xiāng)ose ones way 迷路 leave out sth. 漏掉lose the track of 失去對的聯(lián)系82. lend itself to 有助于,適合于89.

21、major in 主修83. let90. make for 走向,導致,促成 let alone 別碰,別打擾,更不要說 make sense 講得通,有意義 let down 讓失望 make up(for ) 補償,彌補 let in 容許進入,漏水,反衣服弄窄 make way for 開路,讓路 let loose 放松,釋放 make from 由制成 let off拜謝,放過,寬恕91. mix up 混合,搞混 let out 放走,釋放,發(fā)出,泄露92. object to 反對,不贊成94. pass away 逝世93. occur to sb. 使某人想起 pass o

22、ut 失去知覺102. remind sb of sth. 使某人想起95. pay back 償還,回報,報復103. resort to 訴諸于 pay off 還清,得到好結果,取得成功104. result in 導致后果 pay up 全部還清 result from 由于會么而造成96. pick out 挑選,選擇,采摘105. ring off 掛斷電話 pick up 揀起,中途搭人,學會 ring up 打電話給某人97. play a joke on 和某人開玩笑106. run away with(感情等)戰(zhàn)勝,不受約束 play a part in 扮演角色,發(fā)揮作用

23、 run down 貶低,減少,精疲力竭 play with a toy 玩弄,擺弄 run into 偶然碰見98. pull down 拆毀,拉倒,拉下,降低 run out of 用完,耗盡 pull in (車船)進站 run over 碾過,很快看一遍 pull off 脫衣等,實現(xiàn) run through 貫穿,濟覽,花光 pull on 穿 戴107. scale down 按比例縮小 pull out 拔出,(車船)駛出 scale up 按比例放大 pull up 使停下108. see about 辦理,安排99. put across 解釋清楚 see off 給送行 p

24、ut away 放好,收好,儲蓄 see through 看破,識破 put down 記下,寫下,鎮(zhèn)壓 see to it that 務必做到 put forward 提出計劃 要求等109. send for 派人去請,召喚 put in 花費,付出時間,正式提出 send in 遞送,提交 put off 推遲 send off 郵寄,發(fā)送 put on 穿上,增加體重110. serve as 作為,用作 put out 熄滅,公布,發(fā)布,生產出 serve sb right 活該,罪有應得 put up 建造,搭起,提供膳宿,張貼100. refer to 提及,參考101. reg

25、ardless of 不顧,不管111. set118. step in 齊步,合拍 set about 開始著手做某事 step up 加速 set aside 留出,儲蓄119. stick to 堅持 set back 推遲,阻礙 stick out 突出,堅持到底 set down 記下,寫下,放下120. subject to 使遭受,使服從 set apart 使分離,使 分開,拔出121. take after (外貌)相像 set fire to 放為燒 take apart 拆卸,拆開 set forth 陳述,闡明 take away 減去 set off 出發(fā),啟程,激起

26、 take down 拆卸,寫下,記下 set out to do sth. 打算做某事 take for 把誤認為 set up 建立,創(chuàng)立,架起 take/do in 欺騙112. show in 領進 take off 起飛,匆匆離開,脫下 show off 賣弄 take on 承擔,呈現(xiàn),開始雇傭 show/turn up 出席 take over 接收,接管113. shrink from 退縮 take to 喜歡,開始從事114. sit up 熬夜 take up 開始從事,著手處理,占去115. slow sown 減速122.tell sth. from 區(qū)別開116.

27、speek up 加速123. think better of 改變主意，重新考慮117. stand by 做好準備,袖手旁觀,支持 think of 想到，想起 stand for 代表 think over 仔細考慮 stand our 引人注目,清晰地顯示124. throw away 擁掉，浪費金錢 stand up to 經得起 throw up嘔吐 stand up for 支持,維護125. try on 試穿 try out試用，試驗126. turn down 拒絕,關小,調低129. watch out for密切注意 turn in 上交,上床睡覺130. wind u

28、p結束，停止 turn off 拐彎,關上,厭惡131.wipe out徹底摧毀，消滅 turn on 打開,開動,攻擊132. work at/on從事于turn out 結果是，生產，驅逐turn over 仔細考慮，交付turn to 轉向，求助于133. write off 取消，注銷，勾消turn up出面，出席 134.yield to屈服，服從，讓步127. wait for等候wait on服侍形容詞 1. able to do能夠做11.busy with忙于21.confident of /in有信心2. about to do打算做12. capable of doing

29、有能力做22. dependent on靠于3.absent from缺席13. certain of有把握23. different from不同4. abundant in充足14. characteristic of 特征是24. doubtful about /of懷疑5. angry with/at /for生氣15. competent in勝任的25. eager for/to do急于做6. anxious for/about焦慮16.consistant with一致的26. enthusiastic about /for對有熱 7. applicable to適用的17.

30、conscious of /that意識到27. equal to 等同于8. apt to do易于18.contrary to與相反28. equivalent to相當于9. aware of意識到19.convenient to便于29. essential to重要的10. bored with厭倦20. critical of 對挑剔30. excited about /at為某事而激動補充：amazed at驚嘆于 ashamed of31.faithful to忠實于41. harmful to對有害51. negligent of對馬虎的32.familiar to /wit

31、h熟悉42. helpful to of對有幫助52. opposite to與相對立的33.famous for因 著名43. hostile to對的敵意的53. proud of為驕傲的34. fit for/to適用于44. ignorant of不了解54. patient with對耐心的35. fond of喜愛45. innocent of無罪的55. preferable to比更可取36. free from免于46. jealous of妒忌的56. previous to在之前37. friendly to對友好47. keen on熱衷于57. prior to在之前

32、，優(yōu)先于38. guilty of有罪48. lacking in缺乏58. proper to特有的，專為的39. good at /in善于49. likely to do可能做59. proportional to與成比例的 Good for對有益60. ready for為做好準備的 Good to對友好40. happy about為而高興 50. loyal to信守的61.regardless of不顧71. similar to與相似62. relative to與有關，相對于72. sorry about/for為感到遺憾的63. representative of抵制的73

33、. strict with對嚴格要求的64. resistance to對負責的74. suitable for/to對合適的65. responsible for/to響應的75. subordinate to從屬于，下級的66. responsive to對滿意的76. superior to優(yōu)越于67. satisfied with與分開的77. thirsty for對渴望的68. separate from對敏感的78. typical of有典型性的69. sensitive to對厭倦的79. worthy of值得的70. sick of80. popular with受到歡迎

34、的名詞性詞組1. by accident偶然的11. in association with與相聯(lián)系21. in charge of負責2. in accordance with與一致12. on the average平均數(shù)22. around the clock晝夜不停地3. on account of因為13. on the basis of在基礎上23. in common共同的；共有的4. in addition(to)除了14. on behalf of代表24. by comparison with與相比較5. in advance提前15. on board在船、飛機上25.

35、in conclusion最后，總之6. take advantage of利用條下下16. (run)out of breath跑得喘不過氣來26. in conclusion如果，在7. in agreement with與一致17. on business因公27. in connection with/to關于8. answer to對的回答的緣故18. in case(of)萬一28. in consequence of由于，因為9. an appetite for對的愛好19. in any case無論如何29. on the contrary相反10. on arrival一到

36、達同，形成對20. by chance偶然，碰巧30. in contrast with/to與截然不31. out of control失去控制38.in the distance在遠處51. in favor of支持，有利于32. in the course of在過程中39. at sbs disposal受到某人的擺布52. on fire在燃燒33. at the cost of以為代價40. off duty下班53. in force有效，在實施中34. out of date過時41. on earth究竟54. in the future未來 out of danger脫離

37、危險42. in effect事實上，實際上55. on the grounds of以為理由 out of fashion過時，不再時興43. in the end最終，終于56. on guards警惕，防范 out of work失去工作44. at all events無論如何57. hand in hand手拉手 out of order失去控制45. in the event of萬一58. at hand在附近，即將到來 out of practice荒疏46. in essence本質上59. at heart內心里 out of question毫不疑問47. with th

38、e exception除了情況60.in honor of 為了，以的名義35. in debt負債48.in excess過度，超過61. in a hurry匆忙的36.under discus sion處于討論之中49. to an extent到達程度62. at intervals間歇性地37. in detail詳細地50. face to face面對面地63. at length詳細的64. in the light of 依據(jù)，根據(jù)71.at the mercy of在的支配下81.on purpose故意地65.at a loss不知所措地72. the moment一就8

39、2.at random隨機地，無目地性的66. as a matter of fact事實上73. in nature本質上83.beyond question毫無疑問，確定無疑67.by means of通過手段74. on occasions不時地84. at any rate無論如何68. by no means絕不75. in person親自地85. at the rate of以的速度69.in memory of為了紀念76. in place of代替，取代，交換86. by reason of由于70.by mistake錯誤地77. at present目前87. as r

40、egards關于，至于78.for the present目前，暫時88.with regards to關于79. in public公開地89. in relation to有關，關于80.for the purpose o f為了90.as a result of作為的結果91.in return for100.at first sight乍一看110.on the top of在之上92.as a rule101.in sight可看到的111.in truth實際上93. for the sake of102.out of sight看不到的112.by turns輪流地94. on

41、sale103. in terms of根據(jù)113.in turn反過來95. on a large scale104.on second thoughts又一想，轉念一想114.by virtue of由于96. in the long run105.at a time/at one time一次/一次，曾經115. by the way順便提一下97. on schedule106.for the time being暫時116. in the way妨礙98.in secret107.from time to time常常地117. in a way在某種程度上99. in sequen

42、ce108.in time及時地118.word for word逐字逐句地100.in shape109.on time準時地119.at work在工作，忙于語法部分重要單詞1 虛擬語氣賓語從句 order, demand, require, request, direct, command, urge, rule, suggest, advise, vote, propose move, recommend, prefer, decide, insist, desire, decree主語從句vital, important, essential, imperative, obligat

43、ory, necessary, unnecessary, impossible, sad, strange, natural, advisable, fitting, proper, appropriate, desirable2不定式1)通常只接動詞不定式作賓語的?？紕釉~：agree, attempt, claim, decide demand, ask, hesitate, beg ,fail, care, consent, promise, desire, hope, intend, learn, offer, plan, refuse, prepare, pretend, strive

44、, require, appear, arrange, expect,manage, tend, afford, wish, want, seem ,struggle, swear, threaten, wait, undertake, venture, seek ,resolve, aim, determine, endeavor, apply, claim, pledge, pretend, profess, refuse, volunteer, vow, happen ,guarantee, neglect, proceed, prove, condescend, consent, tr

45、ouble, bother(negative), care(negative), choose, fail etc2)用于動詞+賓語+不定式結構的?？紕釉~：force, hire, tell, require, teach, warn ,allow, ask, inform, beg, convince, expect, invite, order, permit, promise, instruct, prepare, urge, remind, want, advise, persuade, dare, forbid, like, challenge, request, get, need

46、 ,oblige, encourage, enable, compel, recommend, declare, prove, command, encourage, enable, lead, press, etc3)用于be+形容詞+不定式結構的?？夹稳菰~anxious, boring, dangerous, pleased, hard, eager, easy, fortunate, strange, good, ready, usual, prepared, surprised, common, useless, asked, lucky, difficult, likely sati

47、sfied, careful, sure, glad, bored, certain, etc4)用于名詞+不定式結構的?？济~：failure, offer, plan, ability, decision, desire, chance, permission, occasion, fun, honor, capacity, wish, pleasure, opportunity, demand, way ,refusal, responsibility, freedom, promise, etc.5)后面跟省去“to”的不定式作賓補的常考動詞：see watch, notice, ob

48、serve, hear, listen to, feel ,get, make, have, let ,help, bid, know, look at ,smell ,etc.動名詞1)通常只接動名詞作賓語的動詞：admit, appreciate, avoid, delay, deny, enjoy, finish, miss, postpone, put off, practice, quit, resent, suggest, keep, complete, anticipate, discuss, mention, tolerate, understand, favor, escap

49、e, forgive, consider, prohibit, mind, dislike, cant help, risk, involve, imagine, fancy, defer, acknowledge, deny, look forward to, evade, favor, detest, dread, risk, advocate, cant resist, cant stand, consider, contemplate, ensure, excuse ,pardon, facilitate, give up, include, keep on, report, sugg

50、est ,involve ,etc.2）常跟動名詞作賓語的動詞短語：(dis)approve of ,insist on, think about, persist in spend in ,engage in ,depend on ,keep on ,rely on ,worry about, succeed in, count on ,give up, calculate on ,lead to ,contribute to ,devote to ,object to ,look forward to ,dedicate to ,confess to concentrate on focu

51、s on ,etc.3)用于“名詞+介詞+動名詞”結構的名詞：pleasure in , chance of ,opportunity of ,advise on ,choice of ,method for, excuse for ,intention of ,probability of ,concern about, difficulty in ,trouble in ,shortage of ,harm in ,point in, comment on ,report in ,importance of necessity of ,approach to ,etc.4)用于“be+形容

52、詞+介詞+動名詞”結構的形容詞accustomed to , afraid of ,fond of, successful in ,capable of ,tired of ,interested in ,intent on ,keep on ,used to ,quick at ,good at ,particular about, bent on ,engaged in ,involved in ,addicted to ,devoted to ,etc.5)動詞后可跟原形動詞和動名詞discover ,feel ,find ,force ,get, imagine etc +do/doing6)v. + sb. into doing cheat ,trick, deceive, fool, trap