最新歷年專四完形填空及答案

1、精品文檔2000 年 一.The differenee between a liquid and a gas is obvious (26) the con diti ons of temperature and pressure com monly found at the surface of the Earth. A liquid can be kept in an ope n container and (27) it to the level of a free surface. A gas forms no free surface but (28) to diffuse thro

2、ughout the space available; it must (29) be kept in a closed container, as (30) a planet's atmosphere. The distinction was a prominent feature of early theories (31) the phases of matter. I n the nineteenth century, for example, one theory maintained that a liquid could be "dissolved"

3、in a vapor without losing its identity, and another theory held that the two phases are( 32 )differe nt kinds o f molecules( 分子).The theories now prevailing (33) a quit e different approach by emphasiz ing what liquids and gases have in com mon.They are both forms of matter that have no perma nent s

4、tructure and they both flow ea silly. They are fluids.The( 34 )similarly of liquids and gases becomes clearly appare nt whe n the temperature and pressure are raised somewhat.(35) A closed container partially filled with a liquid is heated. The liquid expa nds or (36) becomes less den se; some of it

5、 evaporates. (37), the vapor above the liquid surface becomes dense r as the evaporated molecules are added to it. The comb in atio n of temperature and d pressure (38) the den sities become equal is (39) the critical point. Above the critical point the liquid and the gas can no Ion ger be( 40 ); th

6、ere isa sin gle, un differe ntiated fluid phase of uniform den sity.26. A. in B. on27. A. fills B. be filled C. filli ng28. A. i nten ds B. tends C. inclines D. contends29. A. however B. n everthelessC. so D. therefore30. A. in the event of B. in the case of C. with a view to D. with reference to31.

7、8.39.40.A. hav ing describedB. described C. describ ingD. to have describedA. made up of B. consisted of C C0I1 stituted ofD. made fromA. apply B. adapt C. takeA. eleme ntaryB. crucialA. SupposeB. To suppose C Being supposed D. SupposedA. i n a word B. in the mean time C. i n othe

8、r wordsD. i n that caseA. Similarly B. I n con trastC. Furthermore D. InsteadA. on that B. on which C. at that D. at whichA. knownB. defi nedC. called D. referred toA. classified B. recognizedC. CcltegOTIZedD. distinguished2001The translatormust have an excellent,up-to-date knowledge of his sourceIa

9、nguages, full facility in the handling of his target Ianguage, which will be his mother ton gue or Ian guage of habitual ( 26 )and a kno wledge and understanding of the latest subject-matter in his field of specializati on.This is, as it were, his professional equipment.( 27 )this, it is desirable t

10、hat he should have an inq uiri ng mind, widein terests,a good memory andthe ability to grasp quickly the basic prin ciples of new developme nts.He should be willing to work ( 28 )is own, often at high speeds, but should be humble eno ugh to con sult others ( 29 )his own kno wledge not always prove a

11、dequate to the task in hand. He should be able to type fairly quickly and accurately and, if he is working mainly for publication,should havemore than a nodding ( 30 )with printingtechniques and proof-reading. Ifhe is work ing basically as an in formati on tran slator,let us say, for anin dustrial f

12、irm, he shouldhave the flexibilityof mind to en able him to(31 )rapidly from one source Ian guage to ano ther, as well as from one subject-matterto ano ther, si nee this ability is freque ntly( 32 )of him insuch work. Bearing in mind the nature of the translator' s worksite. Theprocess ing of th

13、e writte n word, it is, strictly speak ing, ( 33 )that he should be able to speak the Ianguage he is dealing with. If he does speak them, it is an advantage (34) a hindrance, but this skill is in many ways a luxury that he can (35) with. It is, (36), desirable that he should have an approximate idea

14、 about the pronunciation of his source Ianguages even if this is restricted to ( 37 )how proper n ames and place n ames are pronoun ced. The same ( 38 )to an ability to write his source Ian guages.If he can, well and good; if he cannot, it does not ( 39 ). There are many other skills and ( 40 )that

15、are desirable in a tran slator.26. A. applicati on B. useC. utility D. usage27. A. More tha n B Except fo C.Because of Dn additi on to28. A. of B. byC. for D. on29. A. should B. whe nC. because D. if30. A. familiariy B. acqua intanceC. kno wledge D. skill31. A. cha nge B. tran sformC. tur n D. switc

16、h32. A. lacked B. requiredC. faced D. confron ted33. A. esse ntialB. unn ecessary C. adva ntageous D. useless34. A. over B. despiteC. rather tha n D. i nstead35. A. deal B. concernC. work D. do away36. A. however B. accordi nglyC. con seque ntly D. thus37. A. knowing B. hav ing knownC. know D. have

17、known38. A. refers B. comesC. applies D. amounts39. A. matter B. mindC. harm D. work40. A. characteristics B. qualitiesC. dist in cti ons D. features2002 年P(guān)eople thi nki ng about the origi n of Ian guage for the first time usually arrive at the conclusion that it developed gradually as a system of g

18、runts, hisses and cries and ( 26 ) a very simple affair in the beg innin g.(27 ),whe n we observe the Ian guage behaviour of ( 28 )we regard as primitive cultures,we find it ( 29 )complicated. It was believed that an Eskimo musthave the tip of his ton gue a vocabulary of more tha n 10,000 words ( 30

19、 ) to get along reas on ably well, much larger tha n the active vocabulary of an average bus in essma n who speaks En glish.( 31 ), these Eskimo words are far more highly infleeted( 詞尾變化的)than ( 32 ) of any of the well -known Europea n Ian guages,for a( 33 )noun can be spoke n or writte n in ( 34 )

20、hundred different forms, each ( 35 )a precise meaning different from that of any other.The forms of the verbs are eve n more( 36 ). The Eskimo Ian guage is,therefore,one of the most difficult in the world to learn,( 37 ) the result that almost no traders or explorers have( 38 )tried to lear n it.Con

21、 seque ntly , there has grow n up, in com muni cati on betwee n Eskimos and whites, a jarg on ( 39 )to the pidg in En glish used in Old Chi na, with a vocabulary of from 300 to 600 uninflectedwords. Most of them are derivedfrom Eskimo but some are derived from En glish, Dani sh,Spa ni sh, Hawaiia n

22、and other Ianguages. It is this jargon that is usually( 40 ) by travellers as “ the Eskimo Ianguage ” .26. A. must be B. must have bee nC. ought to beD. should be27. A. However28. A. whose29. A. con spicuouslyB. Therefore C. Probably D. U ndoubtedlyB. that C.which D.whatB. usually C. surpris in gly

23、D. sufficie ntly精品文檔30. A. so asB. so that C. as suchD. as well as31. A. However32. A. the othersB. Moreover C. ThoughD. ThereforeB. all othersC. theseD. those33. A. si ngle34. A. some35. A. gett ingB. sin gularC. pluralB. several C. variousD. compo undD. variedB. caus ing C. hav ingD. owning36. A.

24、en dless37. A. with38. A. still39. A. alikeB. multiple C. uncoun tableB. for C. owi ng toD.asB. i ndeedC. justD. eve nB. similarC. relatedD. nu merousD. releva nt40. A. referred toB. talked about C. spoke nD. told2003 年During McDonald ' s early years French fries were made from scratch every day

25、.Russet Burbank potatoes were (26), cut into shoestrings, and fried in itskitche ns. (27)the cha in expa nded n ati on wide, in the mid-1960s, it sought tocut labour costs, reduce the nu mber of suppliers, and (28) that its friestastedthe same at every resta urant. McDon ald 1966 and few customers n

26、o ticed the differe nee.s bega n (29)to froze n French fries in had aprofo und effect on the n ati ons agriculture and diet. A familiar food hadbee ntran sformed into a highly processed in dustrial (31).McDonald' s fries nowcome from huge manufacturing plants (32) can process two million poundso

27、fpotatoes a day. The expa nsion (33)McDonald ' s and the popularity of itslow-cost, mass-produced fries cha nged the way America ns eat.The taste of McDonald' s French fries played a crucial role in the chain'ssuccess fries are much more profitable tha n hamburgers and was (34)praised by

28、 customers, competitors, and even food critics. Their (35) tastedoes not stem from the kind of p otatoes that McDon ald' s (3he tech no logythat processes them, or the restaura nt equipme nt that fries them: othercha ins useRusset Burba nk, buy their French fries from the (37) largeprocess ingco

29、mpa ni es, and have similar (38) in their restaura nt kitche ns. Thetaste of a French fry is (39)determ ined by the cook ing oil. For decadesMcDon ald ' s cooked its French fries in a mixture of about 7 per cent cott on seedoil and 93 per cent beef fat. The mixture gave the fries their unique (4

30、0).26. A.scaled B.stripped C.peeled D.sliced27. A.As B.Due to C.Owi ng to D.With28. A.e nsueB.e nsureC.en rich D.enable29. A.switchi ng B.diverti ng C.modifying D.altering30. A.Still B.Anyway C.Besides D.Nevertheless31. A.bra ndB.stuff C.commodity .produce32. A.thisB.thatC./ D.what33. A.i ntoB.fromC

31、.inD.of34. A.lo ngB.o nlyC.firstD.lo nely35. A.disti nctiveB.distinct C.distinguished D.disti nguishable36. A.possesses B.buys C.acquires D.grows37. A.exactB.ide nticalC.same D.alike38. A.woks B.pots C.boilers39. A.adequateely B.massively C.ple ntifullyD.largely40. A.flavourB.fragra neeC.smell D.per

32、fume2004The normal human daily cycle of activity is of some 7-8 hours ' sleepalternation with some 16-17 hours ' wakefulness and that the sl eepnormally coincides(26)the hours of darkness. Our present concern is withhow easily and to what extent this(27)：c' be Ifiod' I Uil,The questi

33、on is no mere academic one. The ease with which people can change from working in the day to working at night is a(28)of growing importanee in industry where automation(29) round-the-clockworking of machines. Itnorma|y(30) f-pii門門訐uM for j ;：iy-OTi to l.CL.pT Td <i.(31)routine of sleep and wakefu

34、lness, sleeping during the day and working at night. (32) it is often the case in industry that shifts are changed every week. This means that no sooner has he got used to one rout in e(33)he hasto change to another, (34)much of his time is spent neither working nor sleep ing very(35)丨One an swer wo

35、uld seem to be(36) periods on each shift, a mon th, or eve n three mon ths. (37), rece nt research has show n that people on such systems will revert to go back to their(38) habits of sleep and wakefulness duringthe week-e nd and that this is quite eno ugh to destroy any (39) to night work built up

36、duri ng the week. The only real soluti on appears to be to hand over the night shift to those permanent night workers whose(40) maypersist through all week-e nds and holidays.26. A. in27. A.cycle28. A.problem29. A.asks30. A.takes31. A.formerB.withB.periodB.difficulty B.i nvitesB.spe ndsB.returnedC.o

37、fC.circleC.troubleC.calls forC.demands |), jsksC.reversed I), regular32. A.ThereforeB.U nfortu natelyC.In a word33. A.asB.whe nC.thenD.ln comparis on34. A.thoughB.so that C.while35. A.efficie ntlyB.good C.easily36. A. shorterB.betterC.lo nger37. A.SoB.In short C.Similarly38. A .newB.no rmal C.tempor

38、ary39. A.cha ngeB.return C.adaptati on11 asD. happi' yD+nicerU HoweverD+favourito tendency40.A.wakef uln essB.sleepC.prefere neeD.habit2005A person s home is as much a reflection of his personality as the clothes he wears, the food he eats and the friends with whom he spe nds his time.But inDepe

39、nding on personality, most have in mind a(n)“(31)home ”gen eral, and especially for the stude nt or new wage earn ers, there are practical(32) of cash and locati on on achiev ing that idea.Cash (33) , in fact, often means that the only way of (34)whe n you leave school is to stay at home fora while

40、un til things (35)finan cially. There are obvious (36) of living athome pers on al la undry is usually (37)done along with the family wash;meals are provided and there will be a well-established circle of friends to (38).And there is (39) the resp on sibility for pay ing bills, rates, etc.On the oth

41、er hand, (40)depe nds on how a family gets on. Do your pare ntslike your frien ds? You may love your family (41) do you like them? Are youprepared to be (42) whe n your pare nts ask where you are going in the evening and what time you expect to be back? If you find that you cannot man age a(n) (43)

42、, and that you fin ally have the money to leave, how do you (44)findingsomewhere else to live?lf you plan to stay in your home area, the possibilities are (45) well-k nown to you already. Frie nds and the local paper are always (46).If you are going to work in a (47)area, aga in there are the papers

43、 and theaccommodati on age ncies, (48) these should be approached with (49).Agencies are allowed to charge a fee, usually the (50)of the first week' s rent,you take accommodati on they have found for you.31. A. idealB. perfectC. imagi naryD. satisfactory32. A. deficie nciesB. weak nesses C. in s

44、ufficie nciesD. limitati ons33. A. cut B. shortage C. lack D. drain34. A. getting over B. getting inC. getting backD. getting along35. A. improve B. enhance C. developD. proceed36. A. concernsb. issuesC. advantagesD. problems37. A. still B. always C. habitually D. consequently38. A. call in B. call

45、overC. call uponD. call out39. A. alwaysB. rarelyC. little D. sometimes40. A. littleB. enoughC. many D. much41. A. and B. but C. still D. or42. A. tolerant B. hostile C. indifferent D. good-tempered43. A. agreement B. consensusC. compromiseD. deal44. A. go aboutB. go overC. go in forD. go through45.

46、 A. seldom B. less C. probablyD. certainly46. A. dependent47. A. familiarB. a good source of informationC. of great valueD.reliableB. cold C. humidD. new48.A. thoughB. while C. sinceD. as49.A. enthusiasmB. hesitationC. cautionD. concern50. A. same B. equivalent C. equal D. simiarity2006 年七 There are

47、 many superstitions in Britain, but one of the most ( 31 ) held is that it is unlucky to walk under a ladder even if it means (32) the pavement into a busy street! (33) you must pass under a ladder you can (34) bad luck by crossing your fingers and (35) them crossed until you have seen a dog. (36) ,

48、 you may lick your finger and (37) a cross on the toe of your shoe, and not look again at the shoe until the (38) has dried.Another common (39) is that it is unlucky to open an umbrella in the house-it will either bring (40) to the person who opened it or to the whole (41). Anyone opening an umbrell

49、a in fine weather is (42), as it inevitably brings rain! The number 13 is said to be unlucky for some, and when the 13th day of the month (43) on a Friday, anyone wishing to avoid a bad event had better stay (44). the worst misfortune that can happen to a person is caused by breaking a mirror, (45)

50、it brings seven years of bad luck! The superstition is supposed to (46) in ancient times, when mirrors were considered to be tools of the gods. Black cats are generally considered lucky in Britain, even though they are (47) witchcraft. it is (48) lucky if a black cat crosses your path-although in Am

51、erica the exact opposite belief prevails.Finally, a commonly held superstition is that of touching wood (49) luck. This measure is most often taken if you think you have said something that is tempting fate, suchas “ my car has never (50) , touch wood?31. A broadly B widely C quickly D speedily32. A

52、 running from B jumping off C stepping offD keeping from33. A IfB As C Though D Unless34. A eraseB removeC avoidD ease35. A keepB keeping C kept36. A ConsequentlyB However37. A makeB printC perform38. A labelB symbol C mark39. A argumentB superstitionD to keepC ComparativelyD produceD cutC opinionD

53、ideaD Alternatively40. A loss B difficulty C tragedyD misfortune41. A houseB household C home D circle42. A unwise B unintelligent C unpopular43. A falls B arrives C drops D happens44. A away B outdoors C indoors D far45. A when B as C if D thoughD unfortunate46. A have originated B be originating C

54、 be originated D originate47. A concerned about B related with C associated with D connected in48. A especially B specially C frequently D rarely49. A as B for C in D of50. A broken up B broken off C broken away D broken down2008 年Salt, shells or metals are still used as money in out-of-the-way part

55、s of the world today.Salt may seem rather a strange (31) to use as money, (32)in countries where the food of the people is mainly vegetable, it is often an (33) necessity. Cakes of salt, stamped to show their (34), were used as money in some countries until recent (35), and cakes of salt (36) buy go

56、ods in Borneo and parts of Africa.Sea shells (37) as money at some time(38) another over the greater part of the Old World. These were (39) mainly from the beaches of the Maldives Islands in the Indian Ocean, and were traded to India and China. In Africa, shells were traded right across the (40)from

57、 East to West.Metal, valued by weight, (41) coins in many parts of the world. Iron, in lumps, bars or rings, is still used in many countries(42) paper money. It can either be exchanged(43) goods, or made into tools, weapons, or ornaments. The early money of China, apart from shells, was of bronze, (44)in flat, round pieces with a hole in the middle, called