2020福建高考英語一輪復(fù)習(北師全國卷1)課時規(guī)范練24Unit12(B)

1、課時規(guī)范練 24 Unit 12 （B） （35 分鐘） _課時規(guī)范練第 48 頁 I 閱讀理解 The meaning of sile nee varies among cultural groups.Sile nces may be thoughtful,or they may be empty whe n a pers on has nothing to say.A sile nee in a con versati on may also show stubbor nn ess, un eas in ess,or worry.Sile nee may be viewed by some

2、 cultural groups as extremely un comfortable;therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap （ 間隙）with con versati on .Pers ons in other cultural groups value silenee and view it as necessary for understanding a person s needs. Many Native America ns value sile nce and feel it is a basic part of co

3、m muni cat ing among people,just as some traditi onal Chin ese and Thai pers ons do.Therefore,whe n a pers on from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops,what may be implied （暗示） is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.ln these cultures,si

4、lence is a call for reflection. Other cultures may use sile nce in other ways,particularly whe n deali ng with con flicts among people or in relati on ships of people with differe nt amounts of power.For example,Russia n,Fren ch,a nd Spanish pers ons may use sile nce to show agreeme nt betwee n part

5、ies about the topic un der discussi on.H owever,Mexica ns may use sile nce whe n in struct ions are give n by a pers on in authority rather than be rude to that pers on by arguing with him or hern still ano ther use,pers ons in Asia n cultures may view sile nce as a sig n of respect,particularly to

6、an elder or a pers on in authority. Nurses and other care-givers n eed to be aware of the possible meanings of sile nce whe n they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing.Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural con struct ion of sile nce so that a patie nt

7、 s sile nce is not in terrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily.A nurse who understands the healing （治愈）value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patie nts from their own and from other cultures. 【解題導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要說明沉默的含義由于文化的不同而不同 ，并具體說明在 不同的國家沉默的含義和作用。 1 .What

8、 does the author say about sile nce in con versati ons? A. I t implies an ger. B. It promotes friendship. C. It is culture-specific. D. It is content-based. 答案 :C 解析 :推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句內(nèi)容可推斷出 ,在談話過程中的沉默通常與文化密切相關(guān) 有文化特異性。 2. Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought

9、? A. The Chinese. B. The French. C. The Mexicans. D. The Russians. 答案:A 解析 :細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知 ,中國人與很多美國人一樣 ,認為沉默是交流過程中的基本構(gòu) 成部分 ,談話中出現(xiàn)沉默通常暗示聽者需要仔細考慮。 3. What does the author advise nurses to do about silence? A. Let it continue as the patient pleases. B. Break it while treating patients. C. Evaluate it

10、s harm to patients. D. Make use of its healing effects. 答案 :D 解析 :細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句內(nèi)容可知 ,作者建議護士們充分利用沉默的治愈價值來幫 助護理病人。 4. What may be the best title for the text? A. Sound and Silence ,具 B. What It Means to Be Silent C. Sile nee to Native America ns D. Speech Is Silver;Sile nee Is Gold 答案:B 解析:主旨大意題。通讀

11、全文內(nèi)容可知 ，文章主要說明沉默具有文化特異性 ，在不同的文化中，沉默表 達的含義和作用各不相同。因此 B 項最具概括性。 n .完形填空 The cultures of the East and the West really dist in guish from each other a lot.This is because the culture systems are two separate systems 1 . The origin of the eastern cultures is mainly from two countries:China and India.Both

12、 of the two cultures are gestated（孕育 ）by 2 n China,the mother river is the Yellow River 3 the Indian one is the Hindu River.These two cultures were 4 for several thousa nd years and formed their own styles.Then in the Tang Dynasty of China,the Chinese culture 5 went overseas to Japan, 6 into the Jap

13、anese society and 7 the Japanese culture nowadays.Though a bit different from the Chinese one,it _ 8_ to the same system. When the two mother rivers gave birth to the easter n culture,a no ther famous culture was 9 on the Mesopotamian Plain（美索不達米亞平原 ）the Mesopotamian Civilization.This civilization l

14、ater on developed into the cultures of An cie nt Greece and Ancient Rome.A nd these two are well-k nown as the 10_ of the Europea n culture. 11 the Chin ese culture,the Europea n one also 12 waters.Whe n the coloni sts of En gla nd 13 in America,their culture went with them over the Atla ntic Ocea n

15、.So the American culture doesn t 14 from the European one a lot. At the same time,the 15 of the Ianguage systems adds to the cultural differences.In the East,most Ianguages belong to the pictographic （象形文字的 ）Ianguage while the Western Ianguages are 16 based on the Latin system,for example,the one I

16、m using to write this paper. Other factors like huma n race differe nee 17 as well.However, 18 the far dista nee and the steep areas betwee n the East and West,the two cultures seldom 19 un til recent cen turies. 20 ,they grew up totally in their own ways with almost no-i nterfere nce（ 干擾）from the o

17、ther. 【解題導語】 本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹東西方文化的起源、發(fā)展和它們之間的差異 性。 1. A.in all B.above all C.in no case D.on the whole 答案 :D 解析 :下文都是與兩種不同的文化體系有關(guān) ,文章開頭說明 “在總體上 (on the whole) ”造就文化差異的 原因。故選 D 項。 2. A.rivers B.lakes C.mountains D.plains 答案:A 解析 :根據(jù)下文 “the mother river is the Yellow River ”和 “the Hindu River ”可知 ,中國和

18、印度這兩個國家 的文化都是由 “河流 (rivers) ”所孕育著。故選 A 項。 3. A.or B.for C.while D.when 答案 :C 解析 :強調(diào)兩個事物的對比應(yīng)用 while 。故選 C 項。 4. A.improved B.developed C.created D.protected 答案 :B 解析 :由下文 “formed their own styles ”可知 ,經(jīng)過數(shù)千年的 “發(fā)展 (develop) ”,這兩種文化形成了它們自己 的風格。故選 B 項。 5. A.gradually B.naturally C.suddenly D.quietly 答案 :

19、A解析:古希臘和古羅馬文化是歐洲文化的 根基(base)”故選 A 項。 解析 : 一種文化應(yīng)該是 “逐漸地 (gradually) ”去傳播。故選 A 項。 6.A.changed B.mixed C.decided D.forced 答案 :B 解析:在唐代，中國的文化傳播到日本，與日本文化 融合(mix) ”故選 B 項。 7.A.expanded B.interrupted C.shaped D.influenced 答案:C 解析:由上文可知，中日兩種文化相融合，進而 塑造(shape)”了日本現(xiàn)在的文化。故選 C 項。 8.A.comes B.belongs C.amounts D

20、.adds 答案 :B 解析:由上文可知 ，日本文化是在和中國文化融合的基礎(chǔ)上形成的 ，因而 ，中日文化雖有較大差異 ，但仍 “屬于 (belong to) ”同一文化體系。故選 B 項。 9.A.carried out B.given out C.brought up D.picked up 答案 :C 解析：上文 When the two mother rivers gave birth to the eastern culture .說明中印文化的源泉 ，接下來 說明了另一種 孕育于(bring up)美索不達米亞平原的文化。故選 C 項。 10.A.base B.sign C.resu

21、lt D.content 答案 :A 11.A.With C.Via D.Except 答案 :B 解析：由下文中的 also 可知,西方文化的傳播 像(like) ”中國文化一樣。故選 B 項。 12.A.crossed B.formed C.affected D.spread 答案:A 解析：由下文所舉的例子可知，歐洲文化的傳播也 跨越(cross)”了海洋。故選 A 項。 13.A.went up B.joined up C.settled down D.broke down 答案 :C 解析 :根據(jù)下 their culture went with them over 可知，當央國殖民

22、者登陸美洲 ，疋居(settle down)下 來，他們的文化也隨著他們一道去到了美洲。故選 C 項。 14.A.differ B.suffer C.result D.come 答案 :A 解析:從歐洲文明與美洲文明的淵源來看 ，美洲文化和歐洲文化 區(qū)別(differ) ”不大。故選 A 項。 15.A.feature B.development C.appearance D.distinction 答案 :D 解析:閱讀本段可知，其主題是說明語言的 差異(distinction) ”。故選 D 項。 16.A.simply B.mostly C.properly 答案 :B 解析：由前面的

23、most Ianguages”可知，此處說明在東方，大多數(shù)的語言屬于象形語言,而西方語言 主要 (mostly) ”是以拉丁語系為基礎(chǔ)而演變過來的。故選 B 項。 B.Like D.partly 17. A.counts B.reduces C.Iasts D.changes 答案:A 解析 ：此處繼續(xù)說明文化差異的原因 ，其他一些因素諸如人種上的差異也產(chǎn)生了 “重要影響 (count)”。 故選 A 項。 18. A.in terms of B.in case of C.due to D.as to 答案 :C 解析 :前一分句說明東西方之間遠隔千山萬水 ，路途又頗為險峻 ，后一分句說明直到

24、最近幾個世紀二者 才開始有交流，前后存在因果關(guān)系，故選 C 項 due to 表示 因為”。 19. A.communicate B.distinguish C.transform D.dispIay 答案 :A 解析 :此處指兩種文化的 “交流 (communicate) ”。故選 A 項。 20. A.However B.Furthermore C.MeanwhiIe D.Therefore 答案 :D 解析 :前文說明的是原因 ，此處說明的是結(jié)果 :這兩種文化都是在互不干擾的情況下按照各自的模式形 成并發(fā)展。故選 D 項。 川語篇填空 Equal pay for equal work i

25、s a phrase by the American women who feel they are 1. _ (unfair)treated by society.They think it is not right for women to be paid less than men for the same amount of work.Some people say men have 2.| l(ma ny) duties tha n wome n.A married man has to earn money to support his family and make import

26、ant 3. _ (decide),so it is right for them to be paid more.Some are eve n aga inst married wome n 4. _ (work)at all.Whe n wives go out to work,they say,the home and children are given no attention 5. I.If women are encouraged by equal pay to take up jobs,they will not be able to do the things 6. I It

27、hey are best at doing:making a nice home and bringing 7. _ children.Women who disagree say that they want to escape from the 8 _ (limit) place which society wishes them to fill and have the 9. _ (free) to choose betwee n a job and home life,or a 10. _ (mix) of the two.ln fact wome n have the right not only to equal pay but also to equal cha nces. 答案： 1. unfairly 修飾動詞要用副詞，因此此處應(yīng)用 unfair 的副詞形式。 2. more 由空后的 than可知此處應(yīng)用比較級。 3. decisions make decisions 做出決定” 4. working 此處用動詞-ing 形式做定語修飾 married women。 5. to 此處為短語 give attention to 的被動形式。 6. that/which 此處填 that/which引導定語從句