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1、MATLAB - The Language Of Technical ComputingMATLAB is a high-level language and interactive environment that enables you to perform computationally intensive tasks faster than with traditional programming languages such as C, C+, and Fortran. You can use MATLAB in a wide range of applications, inclu

2、ding signal and image processing, communications, control design, test and measurement, financial modeling and analysis, and computational biology. Add-on toolboxes (collections of special-purpose MATLAB functions, available separately) extend the MATLAB environment to solve particular classes of pr

3、oblems in these application areas. MATLAB provides a number of features for documenting and sharing your work. You can integrate your MATLAB code with other languages and applications, and distribute your MATLAB algorithms and applications.MATLAB has key featuers as follows:(1)High-level language fo

4、r technical computing (2)Development environment for managing code, files, and data(3)Interactive tools for iterative exploration, design, and problem solving 4)Mathematical functions for linear algebra, statistics, Fourier analysis, filtering, optimization, and numerical integration (5)2-D and 3-D

5、graphics functions for visualizing data (6)Tools for building custom graphical user interfaces (7) Functions for integrating MATLAB based algorithms with external applications and languages, such as C, C+, Fortran, Java, COM, and Microsoft ExcelThe MATLAB language supports the vector and matrix oper

6、ations that are fundamental to engineering and scientific problems. It enables fast development and execution. With the MATLAB language, you can program and develop algorithms faster than with traditional languages because you do not need to perform low-level administrative tasks, such as declaring

7、variables, specifying data types, and allocating memory. In many cases, MATLAB eliminates the need for for loops. As a result, one line of MATLAB code can often replace several lines of C or C+ code. At the same time, MATLAB provides all the features of a traditional programming language, including

8、arithmetic operators, flow control, data structures, data types, object-oriented programming (OOP), and debugging features. MATLAB lets you execute commands or groups of commands one at a time, without compiling and linking, enabling you to quickly iterate to the optimal solution. For fast execution

9、 of heavy matrix and vector computations, MATLAB uses processor-optimized libraries. For general-purpose scalar computations, MATLAB generates machine-code instructions using its JIT (Just-In-Time) compilation technology. This technology, which is available on most platforms, provides execution spee

10、ds that rival those of traditional programming languages. MATLAB includes development tools that help you implement your algorithm efficiently. These include the following: MATLAB Editor - Provides standard editing and debugging features, such as setting breakpoints and single stepping. M-Lint Code

11、Checker - Analyzes your code and recommends changes to improve its performance and maintainability. MATLAB Profiler - Records the time spent executing each line of code. Directory Reports - Scan all the files in a directory and report on code efficiency, file differences, file dependencies, and code

12、 coverage。You can use the interactive tool GUIDE (Graphical User Interface Development Environment) to lay out, design, and edit user interfaces. GUIDE lets you include list boxes, pull-down menus, push buttons, radio buttons, and sliders, as well as MATLAB plots and ActiveX controls. Alternatively,

13、 you can create GUIs programmatically using MATLAB functions.MATLAB supports the entire data analysis process, from acquiring data from external devices and databases, through preprocessing, visualization, and numerical analysis, to producing presentation-quality output.The MATLAB product provides i

14、nteractive tools and command-line functions for data analysis operations, including: § (1)Interpolating and decimating § (2)Extracting sections of data, scaling, and averaging § (3)Thresholding and smoothing § (4)Correlation, Fourier analysis, and filtering § (5)1-D peak, va

15、lley, and zero finding § (6)Basic statistics and curve fitting § (7)Matrix analysisMATLAB is an efficient platform for accessing data from files, other applications, databases, and external devices. You can read data from popular file formats, such as Microsoft Excel; ASCII text or binary

16、files; image, sound, and video files; and scientific files, such as HDF and HDF5. Low-level binary file I/O functions let you work with data files in any format. Additional functions let you read data from Web pages and XML.You can call other applications and languages, such as C, C+, COM objects, D

17、LLs, Java, Fortran, and Microsoft Excel, and access FTP sites and Web services. Using the Database Toolbox, you can also access data from ODBC/JDBC-compliant databases.You can acquire data from hardware devices, such as your computers serial port or sound card. Using the Data Acquisition Toolbox , y

18、ou can stream live, measured data directly into MATLAB for analysis and visualization. The Instrument Control Toolbox (available separately) enables communication with GPIB and VXI hardware.All the graphics features that are required to visualize engineering and scientific data are available in MATL

19、AB®. These include 2-D and 3-D plotting functions, 3-D volume visualization functions, tools for interactively creating plots, and the ability to export results to all popular graphics formats. You can customize plots by adding multiple axes; changing line colors and markers; adding annotation,

20、 LaTEX equations, and legends; and drawing shapes.You can visualize vectors of data with 2-D plotting functions that create: § (1)Line, area, bar, and pie charts § (2)Direction and velocity plots § (3)Histograms § (4)Polygons and surfaces § (5)Scatter/bubble plots § (6)

21、Animations§ The MATLAB product provides functions for visualizing 2-D matrices, 3-D scalar, and 3-D vector data. You can use these functions to visualize and understand large, often complex, multidimensional data. You can specify plot characteristics, such as camera viewing angle, perspective,

22、lighting effect, light source locations, and transparency. 3-D plotting functions include: Surface, contour, and mesh, Image plots ,Cone, slice, stream, and isosurface.MATLAB provides interactive tools for designing and modifying graphics. From a MATLAB figure window, you can perform the following t

23、asks: § (1)Drag and drop new data sets onto the figure § (2)Change the properties of any object on the figure § (3)Zoom, rotate, pan, and change camera angle and lighting § (4)Add annotations and data tips § (5)Draw shapes § (6)Generate a function that can be reused wit

24、h different dataMATLAB lets you read and write common graphical and data file formats, such as GIF, JPEG, BMP, EPS, TIFF, PNG, HDF, AVI, and PCX. As a result, you can export MATLAB plots to other applications, such as Microsoft Word and Microsoft PowerPoint, or to desktop publishing software. Before

25、 exporting, you can create and apply style templates, covering characteristics such as layout, font, and line thickness, to meet publication specifications.MATLAB contains mathematical, statistical, and engineering functions to support all common engineering and science operations. These functions,

26、developed by experts in mathematics, are the foundation of the MATLAB language. The core math functions use the LAPACK and BLAS linear algebra subroutine libraries and the FFTW Discrete Fourier Transform library. Because these processor-dependent libraries are optimized to the different platforms th

27、at MATLAB supports, they execute faster than the equivalent C or C+ code.MATLAB provides the following types of functions for performing mathematical operations and analyzing data: § (1)Matrix manipulation and linear algebra § (2)Polynomials and interpolation § (3)Fourier analysis and

28、 filtering § (4)Data analysis and statistics § (5)Optimization and numerical integration § (6)Ordinary differential equations (ODEs) § (7)Partial differential equations (PDEs) § (8)Sparse matrix operationsMATLAB can perform arithmetic on a wide range of data types, including

29、 doubles, singles, and integers.Add-on toolboxes (available separately) provide specialized mathematical computing functions for areas including signal processing, optimization, statistics, symbolic math, partial differential equation solving, and curve fitting.MATLAB provides a number of features f

30、or documenting and sharing your work. You can integrate your MATLAB code with other languages and applications and deploy your MATLAB algorithms and applications as stand-alone programs or software modules.The MATLAB product lets you export your results as plots or as complete reports. You can expor

31、t plots to all popular graphics file formats and then import the plots into other packages, such as Microsoft Word or Microsoft PowerPoint. Using the MATLAB Editor, you can automatically publish your MATLAB code in HTML, Word, LaTEX, and other formats.MATLAB provides functions for integrating C and

32、C+ code, Fortran code, COM objects, and Java code with your applications. You can call DLLs, Java classes, and ActiveX controls. Using the MATLAB engine library, you can also call MATLAB from C, C+, or Fortran code.You can create your algorithm in MATLAB and distribute it to other MATLAB users direc

33、tly as MATLAB code. Using the MATLAB Compiler (available separately), you can deploy your algorithm, as a stand-alone application or as a software module that you include in your project, to users who do not have MATLAB. Additional products let you convert your algorithm into a software module that

34、is callable from COM or Microsoft Excel.Introduction to Simulink blocks libraryIn system dynamic simulation, you should draw the simulation system block diagram,and determine the parameters needed by the simulation. SimulinkThe module library contains the most commonly used to establish a system blo

35、ck diagram of the module, commonly used modules are briefly described below. 1、continuous(1) Derivative (2) Integrator(3) State-Space(4) Transfer-Fcn(5) Transport Delay(6) Variable Transport Delay(7) Zero-Ploe2、Discontinuous (1) Backlash(2) Coulomb&Viscous Friction(3) Dead Zone(4) Dead Zone Dyna

36、mic(5) Hit Crossing(6) Quantizer(7) Rate Limiter(8) Rate Limiter Dynamic(9) Relay(10) Saturation(11) Saturation Dynamic(12) Wrap To Zero 3、Discrete(1) Difference(2) Discrete Derivative(3) Discrete Filter (4) Discrete State-Space(5) Discrete Transfer Fcn (6) Discrete Zero-Pole (7) Discrete-Time Integ

37、rator (8) First-Order Hold (9) Integer Delay (10) Memory (11) Tapped Delay (12) Transfer Fcn First Order (13) Transfer Fcn Lead or Lag (14) Transfer Fcn Real Zero (15) Unit Delay (16) Weighted Moving Average (17) Zero-Order Hold 4、Logic and Bit Operation(1) Bit Clear (2) Bit Set (3) Bitwise Operator

38、(4) Combinatorial Logic(5) Compare To Constant (6) Compare To Zero (7) Detect Change (8) Detect Decrease (9) Detect Fall Negative (10) Detect Fall Nonpositive (11) Detect Increase (12) Detect Rise Nonnegative (13) Detect Rise Positive (14) Extract Bits (15) Interval Test (16) Interval Test Dynamic (

39、17) Logical Operator (18) Relational Operator (19) Shift Arithmetic 5、Lookup Table(1) Cosine (2) Direct Lookup Table (n-D) (3) Interpolation (n-D) using PreLookup (4) Lookup Table (5) Lookup Table (2-D) (6) Lookup Table (n-D) (7) Lookup Table Dynamic (8) PreLookup Index Search (9) Sine 6Math Operati

40、ons(1) Abs (2) Add (3) Algebraic Constraint (4) Assignment (5) Bias (6) Complex to Magnitude-Angle (7) Complex to Real-Imag (8) Divide (9) Dot Product (10) Gain (11) Magnitude-Angle to Complex (12) Math Function (13) Matrix Concatenation (14) MinMax (15) MinMax Running Resettable (16) Polynomial (17

41、) Product (18) Product of Elements (19) Real-Imag to Complex (20) Reshape (21) Rounding Function (22) Sign (23) Sine Wave Function (24) Slider Gain (25) Subtract (26) Sum (27) Sum of Elements (28) Trigonometric Function (29) Unary Minus (30) Weighted Sample Time Math 7、Model Verification(1) Assertio

42、n (2) Check Discrete Gradient (3) Check Dynamic Gap (4) Check Dynamic Lower Bound (5) Check Dynamic Range (6) Check Dynamic Upper Bound (7) Check Input Resolution (8) Check Static Gap (9) Check Static Lower Bound (10) Check Static Range (11) Check Static Upper Bound 8、Model-Wide Utilities(1) Block S

43、upport Table (2) DocBlock (3) Model Info (4) Timed-Based Linearization (5) Trigger-Based Linearization 9、Prot & Subsystems(1) Configurable Subsystem (2) Atomic Subsystem (3) CodeReuseSubsystem (4) Enable (5) Enabled and Triggered Subsystem (6) Enabled Subsystem (7) For Iterator Subsystem (8) Fun

44、ction-Call Generator (9) Function-Call Subsystem (10) If (11) If Action Subsystem (12) In1 (13) Model (14) Out1 (15) Subsystem (16) Subsystem Examples (17) Switch Case (18) Switch Case Action Subsystem (19) Trigger (20) Triggered Subsystem (21) While Iterator Subsystem 10、Signal Attributes(1) Data T

45、ype Conversion (2) Data Type Conversion Inherited (3) Data Type Duplicate (4) Data Type Propagation (5) Data Type Propagation Examples (6) Data Type Scaling Strip (7) IC (8) Probe (9) Rate Transition (10) Signal Conversion (11) Signal Specification (12) Weighted Sample Time (13) Width 11、Signal Rout

46、ing(1) Bus Assignment (2) Bus Creator (3) Bus Selector (4) Data Store Memory (5) Data Store Read (6) Data Store Write (7) Demux (8) Environment Controller (9) From (10) Goto (11) Goto Tag Visibility (12) Index Vector (13) Manual Switch (14) Merge (15) Multiport Switch (16) Mux (17) Selector (18) Swi

47、tch 12、Sinks(1) Display (2) Floating Scope (3) Out1 (4) Scope (5) Stop Simulation (6) Terminator (7) To File (8) To Workspace(9) XY Graph 13、Sources(1) Band-Limited White Noise (2) Chirp Signal (3) Clock (4) Constant (5) Counter Free-Running (6) Counter Limited (7) Digital Clock (8) From File (9) Fr

48、om Workspace(10) Ground (11) In1 (12) Pulse Generator (13) Ramp (14) Random Number (15) Repeating Sequence (16) Repeating Sequence Interpolated (17) Repeating Sequence Stair (18) Signal Builder (19) Signal Generator (20) Sine Wave (21) Step (22) Uniform Random Number 14、User-Defined Functions (1) Em

49、bedded MATLAB Function (2) Fcn (3) Level-2 M-file S-Function (4) MATLAB Fcn (5) S-Function (6) S-Function Builder (7) S-Function Examples 15、Additional Math & Discrete (1) Additional Discrete (2) Additional Math: Increment Decrement MATLAB技術(shù)的計算機語言 MATLAB是一個高層次的語言和互動環(huán)境,和傳統(tǒng)的編程語言相比,使您能夠更快地執(zhí)行計算密集型任務(wù)

50、,如C語言,C+和Fortran。MATLAB在多領(lǐng)域中廣泛的應(yīng)用,包括信號和圖像處理,通信,控制設(shè)計,測試和測量,財務(wù)建模和分析,計算生物學(xué)。附加的工具箱(可單獨專用MATLAB函數(shù)的集合)擴展了MATLAB環(huán)境去解決在這些應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域的特定類別問題。 MATLAB提供了許多功能,用于記錄和分享工作??梢哉螹ATLAB代碼與其他語言和應(yīng)用程序,并分發(fā)MATLAB算法和應(yīng)用。 MATLAB有如下的關(guān)鍵特點:(1)高級技術(shù)計算語言(2)管理代碼,文件和資料(3)互動工具,解決反復(fù)勘察設(shè)計等問題(4)開發(fā)環(huán)境的工具,對于線性數(shù)學(xué)函數(shù)代數(shù)的篩選,統(tǒng)計,傅立葉分析,優(yōu)化,數(shù)值積分(5)2-D和3-D圖形

51、功能的可視化數(shù)據(jù)(6)自定義工具建立的圖形用戶界面(7)基于MATLAB的算法整合與外部建立功能的應(yīng)用程序和語言,如C,C +,F(xiàn)ORTRAN,JAVA,COM和Microsoft Excel。MATLAB語言支持向量和矩陣運算,是解決工程和科科問題的根本。它實現(xiàn)了用MATLAB語言編程和開發(fā)技術(shù)的發(fā)展和執(zhí)行,算法的速度比傳統(tǒng)的語言快速,因為你不需要進行低級別的管理任務(wù),如聲明變量,指定數(shù)據(jù)類型,分配內(nèi)存。在許多情況下,MATLAB消除了“for”循環(huán)的需要。因此,一行MATLAB代碼可以經(jīng)常更換的幾行C或C + +代碼。同時,MATLAB提供了傳統(tǒng)的編程語言的所有功能,包括算術(shù)運算符,流程控

52、制,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu),數(shù)據(jù)類型,面向?qū)ο缶幊蹋∣OP),和調(diào)試功能。 MATLAB讓你在同一時間執(zhí)行沒有編譯和鏈接命令或命令中的一個群體,是您能夠快速解決迭代的最佳方案。MATLAB使用處理器的優(yōu)化庫快速執(zhí)行重矩陣和矢量運算。通用標量計算,MATLAB使用其JIT(時間)編譯技術(shù)生成機器代碼指令。這項技術(shù)可以用在大多數(shù)平臺上,可以媲美傳統(tǒng)的編程語言的執(zhí)行速度。 MATLAB包括開發(fā)工具,幫助你實現(xiàn)你的算法有效。這些措施包括以下內(nèi)容:MATLAB編輯器 - 提供標準功能,如設(shè)置斷點,單步,編輯和調(diào)試。M-Lint代碼檢查 、代碼分析,并提出修改建議,以提高其性能和可維護性。 MATLAB事件探查器 -

53、記錄執(zhí)行每一行代碼花費的時間。目錄報表 - 掃描所有報告中的文件目錄關(guān)于代碼效率,文件差異,和代碼覆蓋率。 你可以使用交互式工具GUIDE(圖形用戶界面開發(fā)環(huán)境),布局,設(shè)計,編輯用戶界面。GUIDE包括列表框,下拉菜單,按鈕,單選按鈕,滑桿,以及MATLAB的plots和ActiveX控件。另外,你可以創(chuàng)建圖形用戶界面編程使用MATLAB函數(shù)。MATLAB支持整個數(shù)據(jù)分析過程中,包括從外部設(shè)備和數(shù)據(jù)庫的數(shù)據(jù),通過預(yù)處理,可視化和數(shù)值分析,顯示波形質(zhì)量的輸出。MATLAB產(chǎn)品提供交互式工具和命令行功能為數(shù)據(jù)分析操作,包括:(1)內(nèi)插和抽?。?)提取部分數(shù)據(jù),縮放,平均(3)閾值和平滑(4)相關(guān)

54、,傅里葉分析,過濾(5)1-D峰,谷,零發(fā)現(xiàn)(6)基本統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)和曲線擬合(7)矩陣分析MATLAB是一種用于訪問文件,其他應(yīng)用程序,數(shù)據(jù)庫,和外部設(shè)備的數(shù)據(jù)的高效平臺。你可以閱讀從普遍的文件格式,如Microsoft Excel的數(shù)據(jù),ASCII文本或二進制文件,圖像,聲音,視頻文件和科學(xué)文件,如HDF和HDF5的。低級二進制文件I / O功能,讓你使用任何格式的數(shù)據(jù)文件。從網(wǎng)頁和XML中讀取數(shù)據(jù)的附加功能。你可以調(diào)用其他應(yīng)用程序和語言,如C,C + +,COM對象,DLL中的Java,F(xiàn)ortran和Microsoft Excel,訪問FTP站點和Web服務(wù)。使用數(shù)據(jù)庫工具箱,您還可以訪問的

55、ODBC / JDBC兼容的數(shù)據(jù)庫中的數(shù)據(jù)。您可以從硬件設(shè)備獲得數(shù)據(jù),如您的計算機的串口或聲卡。使用數(shù)據(jù)采集工具箱,你可以直接進入MATLAB對于測量數(shù)據(jù)的分析和可視化。儀器控制工具箱(單獨提供),可用于GPIB和VXI硬件的通訊。所有的圖形所需要的工程和科學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)可視化的特點是可用在MATLAB®。其中包括2-D和的3-D繪圖功能,3-D量可視化功能用于交互式創(chuàng)建模塊的工具,和所有流行的圖形格式導(dǎo)出結(jié)果的能力。您可以通過添加自定義功能,增加多軸圖,改變線的顏色和標記;添加注釋,LaTEX等式,長度,繪制形狀。通過創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)的載體實現(xiàn)2-D繪圖功能:(1)線,面,條和餅圖(2)方向和速度

56、圖(3)直方圖(4)多邊形和曲面(5)分散/氣泡圖(6)動畫MATLAB產(chǎn)品提供的2-D矩陣,標量的3-D,3-D向量數(shù)據(jù)可視化功能。這些功能可以實現(xiàn)理解困難大,復(fù)雜的,多維數(shù)據(jù)可視化效果。你可以指定情節(jié)的特點,如相機視角,角度,燈光效果,光源位置和透明度。3-D繪圖功能包括:表面輪廓,并網(wǎng),影像圖,錐,切片,流,等值面。MATLAB是提供設(shè)計和修改圖形的交互式工具。從MATLAB的數(shù)字窗口,您可以執(zhí)行以下任務(wù):(1)拖放到新的數(shù)據(jù)集數(shù)字(2)更改任何對象的屬性圖(3)縮放,旋轉(zhuǎn),平移,改變相機角度和照明(4)添加批注和數(shù)據(jù)提示(5)繪制形狀(6)生成功能,可以用不同的數(shù)據(jù)重用MATLAB支持

57、讀,寫常見的圖形和數(shù)據(jù)文件格式,如GIF,JPEG BMP,EPS,TIFF,PNG,HDF,AVI和PCX。因此,MATLAB圖相比較其他應(yīng)用程序,可以導(dǎo)出,如Microsoft Word和Microsoft PowerPoint,或桌面出版軟件。可以創(chuàng)建和應(yīng)用樣式模板,覆蓋的特點,如布局,字體,線條粗細,滿足出版物的規(guī)格。MATLAB包括數(shù)學(xué),統(tǒng)計和支持所有常見的工程和科學(xué)操作的工程的功能。這些功能,隨著專家基于MATLAB語言基礎(chǔ)上的數(shù)學(xué)領(lǐng)域的研究。數(shù)學(xué)函數(shù)核心功能是使用LAPACK和BLAS的線性代數(shù)子程序庫和FFTW的離散傅立葉變換庫。由于這些處理器的數(shù)據(jù)庫庫和優(yōu)化了MATLAB支持不同的平臺,所以它們的執(zhí)行速度比同等C或c + + 代碼。.MATLAB提供以下類型的功能進行數(shù)學(xué)運算和數(shù)據(jù)分析:(1)矩陣操作和線性代數(shù)(2)多項式和插值(3)傅立葉分析和篩選(4)數(shù)據(jù)分析和統(tǒng)計(5)優(yōu)化和數(shù)值積分(6)常微分方程(ODEs)(7)偏微分方程(PDE)(8)稀疏矩陣運算MATLAB可以進行算術(shù)運算的數(shù)據(jù)類型的范圍很廣,包括雙打,單打,和整數(shù)。增加工具箱(單獨提供)提供專門的數(shù)學(xué)計算功能,包括信號處理,優(yōu)化

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