英語閱讀理解(教育文化)練習(xí)題及答案

1、英語閱讀理解（教育文化）練習(xí)題及答案一、高中英語閱讀理解教育文化類1 .閱讀理解I used to believe that love meant putting everyone else and their needs first, before my own. While I do think there is some truth to that, in the sense that being a giving person is one of the ultimate acts of being a loving person, I came to realize that I m

2、ust give to and love myself first and foremost.Here's why. When you put everyone and everything else above you, you are no longer valuing yourself and your needs. And when you are not meeting your needs, and you don't take care of yourself (emotionally, physically, mentally, spiritually), yo

3、u can't be the best version of yourself to the special people in your life. So in fact, you don't love them at your full potential!Here are some things to consider. Are you physically taking care of yourself? Do you nourish yourself with the right foods? Do you get enough sleep and exercise?

4、 Are you at a healthy weight, and on top of your check-ups? If not, I bet your energy is low, you're tired and stressed, and your confidence isn't the highest (because you probably don't feel your best ) . Now think about how much more you could give to others when you aren't exhaust

5、ed, you're happy with what you see in the mirror, and you aren't on edge with stress.Are you emotionally and mentally healthy? As humans, we're so complex and having ups and downs is normal. But in general, assess where you stand emotionally. If it's in a healthy place and you can ma

6、nage your emotions in a healthy way - great! But if you self-soothe(自我安慰)in destructive ways and have a negative attitude and energy about you, realize that it's not just affecting you, but others too. When you aren't an emotionally and mentally healthy person, that energy pours into everyth

7、ing you do, and everyone you're around will feel the effects, too.How's your spirituality? In this sense, spirituality is about having an ultimate purpose and being in tune with your true self. Do you wake up every day excited for what your life is about, and have gratitude for all the abund

8、ance you already have? If not, you may not be listening and living to what your heart truly desires. Living this way long term, may affect the essence(本質(zhì))of your inner being and, in turn, may not allow you to show up your very best for the world.Be kind to yourself. It can be difficult to put your h

9、ealth and well-being first when life is demanding between your career, family, friendships, relationships, and so on. If you can think of any ways to improve your well-being and love yourself more, start today! Take a baby step towards this. Perhaps try getting an hour more of sleep. Move your body

10、in a way that feels good. Take time for yourself to be with your thoughts and without distractions and feel that peace.(1) Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?A.Put Others Above YourselfB.Keeping Physically HealthyC.Meeting Your Own DemandsD.Taking Good Care of Yourself

11、(2) According to the passage, it can be concluded that _.A.only if you are at your best can you love your loved ones bestB.if on top of your health index, you're tired and stressedC.being kind to yourself means being cruel to othersD.physical health is more important than mental health(3) Keepin

12、g spiritually healthy means .A.dissatisfaction with what you haveB.waking up in time every dayC.showing up your best for the worldD.agreeing with your true self(4) Which of the following shows the right structure of the passage?【答案】(1) DA(3) D(4) C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，作者認(rèn)為在愛別人之前，必須首先給予和愛自己。 說明了這么做的原因，以及

13、從身體、情緒心理和精神性三個(gè)方面來論述應(yīng)當(dāng)如何善待自 我。(1)考查主旨大意。根據(jù)最后一段中的"B/ind to yourself. It can be difficult to put yourhealth and well-being first when life is demanding between your career, family, friendships, relationships, and so on. If you can think of any ways to improve your well-being and love yourself more

14、, start today! 善待自3。當(dāng)生活要求你在事業(yè)、家庭、友誼、人際關(guān)系等之間 做出選擇時(shí)，你很難把健康和幸福放在首位。如果你能想到任何方法來改善你的幸福和更 愛自己，從今天開始！以及文章主要內(nèi)容說明了人們應(yīng)該在愛別人之前，要先愛自己的觀 點(diǎn)，故選D。（ 2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“ Andwhen you are not meeting your needs, and youdon't take care of yourself （ emotionally, physically, mentally, spiritually ） , you can't be t

15、he best version of yourself to the special people in your life. So in fact, you don't love them at your full potential! 當(dāng)你不能滿足自己的需求，不能照顧好自己 ”（情感上、身體上、精神上、精神上，你就無法在你生命中特別的人面前成為最好的自己。所以事實(shí)上，你并沒有充分發(fā)揮你的潛力去愛他們!可知只有你處于最佳狀態(tài)，你才能最愛你所愛的人。故選A。（ 3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“ Inthis sense, spirituality is about having

16、anultimate purpose and being in tune with your true self. 從這個(gè)意義上說，精神性就是擁有一個(gè) ” 終極目標(biāo)，并與真實(shí)的自我保持一致。）可知保持精神健康意味著認(rèn)同真實(shí)的自己。故選D。（ 4）考查推理判斷。分析文章內(nèi)容可知，第一段屬于總起段落，主要引出文章“善待自我 ”的觀點(diǎn)；接著第二段主要論述第一段提出觀點(diǎn)的原因；接著第三段指出要在身體上在照顧自己，第四段指出重視自己的情緒和精神健康，第五段說明如何保持自我精神性的健康；最后一段再次說明善待自己重要性。其中第三四五段同屬于分論點(diǎn)，故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)

17、題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推 理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。2 閱讀理解The end of the year is drawing near, and winter is in full swing. The season brings along with it strong winds and snow an environment that's never comfortable to be in.This unpleasant and even frightening aspect of winte

18、r can often be seen in literature. In Shakespeare's King Lear （1606）, the king has given away his kingdom and been rejected by his two ungrateful daughters. He is out in the winter cold ， suffering things that are usually reserved for the poorest and most unfortunate human beings.The winter is b

19、ad enough for Lear ， but being abandoned by his family is worse. A song from another Shakespeare play, As You Like It（1599）, is fitting for this poor old man's situation: "Blow, blow, thou winter wind/Thou art not so unkind /As ma's ingratitude （ 忘恩負(fù)義）". Here, winter isused to brin

20、g out the ugliness of inhumanity （ 無人性 ）. There aren't many things that are worse than winter, according to Shakespeare.Once winter became less of a threat to human beings, literary works featuring it became more positive. Since Charles Dickens, the representation of the season in literature has

21、 often featured happy Christmas celebrations.The cold of the winter weather provides a contrast to the fun going on indoors.Dickens' A Christmas Carol （1843） was the start of this, but Christmas is still a common, cheery element （ 元素 ）in stories that feature winter scenes today. Consider the joy

22、 felt by Harry Potter and his friends in J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone （1997） as they sit down for their festive meal ："Harry had never in all his life had such a Christmas dinner. A hundred fat， roast turkeys; mountains of roast and boiled potatoes; platters

23、of chipolatas; tureens of buttered peas, silver boats of thick, rich gravy and cranberry sauce".It is almost as much a pleasure to read about the meal as it might have been to eat it.Although winter still isn't the most cheerful season in novels and poems, it's safe to say that writers

24、have certainly "warmed up" since Shakespeare's days.(1) What's the author's main purpose in writing this article?A.To recommend some winter stories in literature.B.To explain what winter is like in literary works.C.To describe certain customs that are related to winter.D.To tel

25、l us why winter is described as unpleasant in literature.(2) What can we learn from Shakespeare's works?A.Shakespeare didn't like winter for its bad weather.B.King Lear was forced to give up being a king in a cold winter.C.It's in winter when King Lear drove his two daughters off.D.Winte

26、r is compared with the ugly side of humanity.(3) Why does the author mention Charles Dickens in the passage?A.Because a lot of his works are related to winter.B.Because he is the most popular author of winter stories.C.Because he started a new way of representing winter.D.Because his works make peop

27、le feel cheerful in winter.(4) The example of Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone is used mainly to show . A.traditional Christmas food makes the winter cheeryB.Christmas is still a symbol of joy in modern storiesC.it's a pleasure to read Christmas-related books in winterD.winter has be

28、come the happiest season in literary works【答案】(1) BD(3) C(4) B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了冬季的令人不快甚至是令人恐懼的方面經(jīng)常 在文學(xué)作品中看到，但隨著時(shí)間的推移，文學(xué)作品中冬天的含義也在發(fā)生變化。(1)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的"This unpleasant and even frightening aspect of wintercan often be seen in literature可知，人們經(jīng)?？梢栽谖膶W(xué)中看到冬季的令人不快甚至是令 人恐懼的方面。隨后，作者描述了冬天在不同作家的作品中的不同

29、方面?？赏浦髡邔懕疚氖菫榱私忉屛膶W(xué)作品中的冬天是什么樣子的。故選Bo(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“ere, winter is used to bring out the ugliness ofinhumanity (無人性).There aren't many things that are worse than winter, according to Shakespeare.可知，在莎士比亞的戲劇皆大歡喜中，冬天被用來展現(xiàn)人性的丑陋。莎 士比亞認(rèn)為，沒有什么比冬天更糟糕的了。故選 Do(3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段可知，自狄更斯以來，在文學(xué)中這個(gè)季節(jié)的表現(xiàn)常常是 圣誕快

30、樂的慶?；顒?dòng)。由此可知，作者在文中提到查爾斯狄更斯是因?yàn)樗_啟了一種描寫冬天的新方式。故選 Co(4)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段可知，寒冷的冬季天氣與室內(nèi)的樂趣形成了對(duì)比。再根 據(jù)第六段第二句話可知，在 J. K. Rowling的哈利？波特與魔法石中，哈利 ？波特和他的朋 友們在享用圣誕大餐時(shí)是快樂的。作者通過這個(gè)例子說明在現(xiàn)代故事中圣誕節(jié)仍然是快樂 的象征。故選B。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需 要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。3 .閱讀理解The next time you attend a social fu

31、nction or go to a place where people meet and interact, take note of the number of people who have adopted the same gestures and posture-the way you sit or stand-of the person with whom they are talking. This "carbon copying" is a means by which one person tells the other that he is in agr

32、eement with his ideas and attitudes. By this method, one is non-verbally ( 非語言的)saying to the other, "As you can see, I think the same as you, so I will copy your posture and gesture."This unconscious (無意識(shí)地)mimicry is quite interesting to observe. Take, for example, the two men standing at

33、 the hotel bar. They have mirrored each other's gestures and it is reasonable to assume that they are discussing a topic upon which they have the same thoughts and feelings. If one man uncrosses his arms and legs or stands on the other foot, the other will follow. If one puts his hand in his poc

34、ket the other will copy and this mimicry will continue for as long as the two men are in agreement.This copying also occurs among good friends or people of the same social position and it is common to see married couples walk, stand, sit and move in very similar ways. People who are strangers, howev

35、er, try hard to avoid holding mutual(相互的)positions. The significance of carbon copying can be one of the most important non-verbal lessons we can learn, for this is one way that others tell us that they agree with us or like us. It is also a way for us to tell others that we like them, by simply cop

36、ying their gestures.If an employer wishes to develop immediate friendliness and create a relaxing atmosphere with an employee, he needs to copy the employee's posture to achieve the end. Similarly, an up- and-coming employee may be seen copying his boss's gestures in an attempt to show agree

37、ment. Using the knowledge, it is possible to influence a face-to-face encounter by copying the positive gestures and postures of the other person. This has the effect of putting the other person in a receptive and relaxed frame of mind and he can "see" that you understand his point of view

38、.11) What is the best title for the passage?A. Carbon Copying-Showing AgreementB. Developing Non-verbal CommunicationC. How to avoid Carbon CopyingD. Proper Social Behavior(2) What is "carbon copying" according to the passage?A. To adopt identical gesture of others. B. To repeat what other

39、s have said.C. To show agreement with others.D. To mock others.(3) In which of the following groups is carbon copying NOT frequently seen?A. Married couplesB. People not familiar with each other.C. Good friends.D. People of the same social position.(4) What should an employer do to created a relaxin

40、g atmosphere for an employee?A. Be polite.B. Avoid copying the employee's gesture.C. Be helpful.D. Copy the gesture of the employee.【答案】(1) AA(3) B(4) D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了 "carbon copying (復(fù)制)"現(xiàn)象，是指一個(gè)人 通過模仿另一個(gè)人的姿勢和手勢，來告訴另一個(gè)人自己贊同他的想法和態(tài)度。同時(shí)列舉這 種現(xiàn)象經(jīng)常發(fā)生的場所，以及如何利用這些知識(shí)來讓對(duì)方處于一種接受和放松的心態(tài)，"

41、;看到"你理解他的觀點(diǎn)。(1) 考查主旨大意。 根據(jù)第段中的"This 'carbon copying ' is a means by which one persontells the other that he is in agreement with his ideas and attitudes.這種"復(fù)制"是指個(gè)人告訴另一個(gè)人他同意他的想法和態(tài)度。以及文章主要圍繞"carbon copying"是通過模仿另一個(gè)人的姿勢和手勢來表達(dá)自己對(duì)他的贊同所展開的，故選 Ao(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"

42、This 'carcopying ' aismeans by which one persontells the other that he is in agreement with his ideas and attitudes. By this method, one is nonverbally saying to the other,' As you canhseea mhias you, so I will copy your postureand gesture.這種"復(fù)制”是指一個(gè)人告訴另一個(gè)人他同意他的想法和態(tài)度。通過這種方法， 一個(gè)人不用語言

43、就能對(duì)另一個(gè)人說："你看，我和你想的一樣，所以我會(huì)模仿你的姿勢和手勢。"可知"carbon copying"是指采用和別人相同的手勢。故選A。(3)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的"Peoplewho are strangers, however, try hard to avoidholding mutual positions.然而；陌生人會(huì)盡量避免持有共同的立場?？芍舜瞬皇煜さ娜?們不?？吹?quot;復(fù)制"現(xiàn)象。故選Bo(4)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Ifan employer wishes to develop

44、 immediatefriendliness and create a relaxing atmosphere with an employee, he needs to copy the employee's posture to achieve the end.如果雇主希望與雇員建立直接的友好關(guān)系，營造輕松 的氛圍，他需要模仿雇員的姿勢來達(dá)到目的。可知雇主可以通過模仿雇員的動(dòng)作，為雇員 創(chuàng)造一個(gè)輕松的氣氛。故選 Do【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需 要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4.閱讀理

45、解An earthquake is one of the most common natural disasters. It may cause great damage. So it is wise to learn some simple safety tips to protect yourself or your family members.Fragile items like those made of glass are easily broken and should usually be placed on a lower surface, near the ground i

46、nstead of placing them in the cupboards higher up. Never place them near your bed, sofas and other furniture where you would be sitting or lying down. When there is a strong movement, these pieces will fall on the floor directly and not on you.There is a strong chance of short circuits ( 短路)and fire

47、 during an earthquake. Make sure you turn off electrical connections and gas immediately when an earthquake happens.During an earthquake, lie beneath an object that is not easily damaged. Do not go near objects that could directly fall on you. Never use the elevator to go down. Stay inside until the

48、 shaking stops and it is safe to go outside. Research has shown that most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out. Use the staircases at all times.If you are outdoors, do not take shelter under a tree, streetlights, electric poles or tall buildings. If you are driving, stop your c

49、ar and stay in a safe place. Do not park your car under a tree or any tall object.If trapped in debris ( 瓦礫堆),cover your mouth with a handkerchief or clothing. Tap on a pipe or the wall so that rescuers (營救人員)can find you. Use a whistle (口肖子)if one is available. Never shout for help. Shouting can ca

50、use you to breathe in dangerous amounts of dust. Do not light a match because you may burn yourself. Do not move about or kick up dust.11) The purpose of the passage is to tell readers.A.what to do in earthquakesB.how to prevent earthquakesC.the damage caused by earthquakesD.the rescue work after ea

51、rthquakes(2) The underlined word "Fragile" in Paragraph 2 probably means "".A.Easily foundB.ExpensiveC.Easily brokenD.Heavy(3) During the earthquake, people are advised to .A.take shelter under a treeB.drive to a safe place quicklyC.go out of the building at onceD.turn off electr

52、icity and gas immediately【答案】(1) AC(3) D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，作者對(duì)于如何在地震中保護(hù)自己和家人這一問題， 給出了一些簡單的安全技巧。(1)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的"So it is wise to learn some simple safety tips to protectyourself or your family members.'因此，學(xué)習(xí)一些簡單的安全技巧來保護(hù)自己和家人是明智 的?？芍@篇文章的目的是告訴讀者在地震中該怎么做。故選 Ao(2)考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第二段中的"like those

53、 made of glass are easily broken and shouldusually be placed on a lower surface, near the ground instead of placing them in the cupboards higher up.像那些玻璃做的容易破碎，通常應(yīng)放在較低的表面，接近地面，而不是把它們放 在較高的碗柜?？芍?，"Fragile的意思是易碎的。故選 C(3)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的"Make sure you turn off electrical connections and gas imme

54、diately when an earthquake happens. 當(dāng)?shù)卣鸢l(fā)生時(shí)，一定要立即切斷電源和煤氣?？?”知，地震期間，建議人們立即關(guān)掉電和煤氣。故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選 出正確答案。5 閱讀理解Mobile phones should be kept from classrooms, the UK minister for schools has said. Nick Gibb said he had concerns about the e

55、ffect that the phone was having on children, and also said the Government should introduce lessons for pupils on how to limit their screen time.Mr Gibb said, "Schools obviously are free to set their own behaviour policies but my own view is that schools should ban （禁止 ）mobile telephones and sma

56、rt phones inside school, and particularly inside classrooms. I believe very strongly that children should be limiting their own use at home. Every hour spent online and on a smart phone is an hour less talking to family, and it's an hour less exercise and it's an hour less sleep. And of cour

57、se it is a lack of sleep that research is showing can have a damaging effect on a child's mental health.The parents are told that children will be asked to break off at least every two hours and avoid social media before bedtime. The UK would be following in the footsteps of European countries i

58、f schools were to introduce a ban. with French pupils being told to leave their smart phones at home when they returned from their summer holidays last year.At the Festival of Education at Wellington College last summer, Professor Michael from America said that any sensible head would ban mobile pho

59、nes. "It's far too distracting for children having mobile phones. Texting, playing games, all this takes place. Mobile phones go off in classrooms, disrupting lessons. Ban them. If children want to use a phone in an emergency they can use the school phone."（ 1 ） What's Nick Gibb

60、9;s attitude towards using mobile phone in school?A.Cautious.B.Supportive.C.Indifferent.D.Disapproving.（ 2） What is one possible result of spending too much time online according to the text?A.An hour less exercise a week.B.More effects on sleep quality.C.Less communication with family.D.An improvement in m